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Xyloglucan for Generating Tensile Stress to Bend Tree Stem

Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 893-903页

作者： Kei'ichi Baba Yong Woo Park Tomomi Kaku Rumi Kaida Miyuki Takeuchi Masato Yoshida Yoshihiro Hosoo Yasuhisa Ojio Takashi okuyama Toru Taniguchi Yasunori Ohmiya Teiji Kondo Ziv Shani Oded Shoseyov Tatsuya Awano Satoshi Serada Naoko Norioka Shigemi Norioka Takahisa Hayashi Kyoto University RISH Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural-Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan Forest Tree Breeding Center Hitachi Ibaraki 319-1301 Japan CBD Technologies Rehovot 76100 Israel Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Institute of Sustainability Science Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

In response to environmental variation, angiosperm trees bend their stems by forming tension wood, which consists of a cellulose-rich G （gelatinous）-Iayer in the walls of fiber cells and generates abnormal tensile stress in the secondary xylem. We produced transgenic poplar plants overexpressing several endoglycanases to reduce each specific polysaccharide in the cell wall, as the secondary xylem consists of primary and secondary wall layers. When placed horizontally, the basal regions of stems of transgenic poplars overexpressing xyloglucanase alone could not bend upward due to low strain in the tension side of the xylem. In the wild-type plants, xyloglucan was found in the inner surface of G-layers during multiple layering. In situ xyloglucan endotransglucosylase （XET） activity showed that the incorporation of whole xyloglucan, potentially for wall tightening, began at the inner surface layers S1 and S2 and was retained throughout G-layer development, while the incorporation of xyloglucan heptasaccharide （XXXG） for wall loosening occurred in the primary wall of the expanding zone. We propose that the xyloglucan network is reinforced by XET to form a further connection between wall-bound and secreted xyloglucans in order to withstand the tensile stress created within the cellulose G-layer micro fibrils.

关键词： G-layer tensile stress xyloglucan xyloglucan endotransglucosylase

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Heterologous Expression of Thermolabile Proteins Enhances Thermotolerance in Escherichia coli

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第9期6卷 602-612页

作者： Yuya Ueda Seiji Yamauchi Shinsuke Fukata Hidetoshi okuyama Eugene Hayato Morita Rahul Mahadev Shelake Hidenori Hayashi Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Matsuyama Japan Proteo-Science Center Ehime University Matsuyama Japan Laboratory of Environmental Molecular Biology Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Faculty of Agriculture Ehime University Matsuyama Japan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Josai University Saitama Japan

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play important roles in the mechanism of cellular protection against various environmental stresses. It is well known that accumulation of misfolded proteins in a cell triggers the HSPs expression in prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes. In this study, we heterologously expressed two proteins in E. coli, namely, citrate synthase (CpCSY) and malate dehydrogenase (CpMDH) from a psychrophilic bacterium Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H (optimal growth temperature 8°C). Our analyses using circular dichromism along with temperature-dependant enzyme activities measured in purified or direct cell extracts confirmed that the CpCSY and CpMDH are thermolabile and present in misfolded form even at physiological growth temperature. We observed that the cellular levels of HSPs, both GroEL and DnaK cheperonins were increased. Similarly, higher levels were observed for sigma factor s32 which is specific to heat-shock protein expression. These results suggest that the misfolded-thermolabile proteins expressed in E. coli induced the heat shock response. Furthermore, heat treatment (53°C) to wild type E. coli noticeably delayed their growth recovery but cells expressing CpCSY and CpMDH recovered their growth much faster than that of wild type E. coli. This reveals that the HSPs expressed in response to misfolded-thermolabile proteins protected E. coli against heat-induced damage. This novel approach may be a useful tool for investigating stress-tolerance mechanisms of E. coli.

关键词： Heat Shock Proteins σ32 Psychrophilic Proteins Thermotolerance

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基于DNA甲基化测序技术研究青蒿琥酯干预脑胶质瘤的分子机制

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中草药 2023年第6期54卷 1814-1824页

作者：闫向英毛霞李涛 Koji Mizuno Katsuki okuyama 林娜张彦琼 Takashi Sato 中国中医科学院中药研究所北京100700 东京药科大学生物化学系东京192-0392

目的探究青蒿琥酯干预胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma,GBM)的药效及其潜在分子机制。方法采用Cell TiterBlue检测青蒿琥酯对U87和U2512种人源胶质母细胞瘤细胞活性和增殖的影响;流式细胞术检测青蒿琥酯对2种细胞周期的调节作用;采用q RT-PCR... 详细信息

目的探究青蒿琥酯干预胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma,GBM)的药效及其潜在分子机制。方法采用Cell TiterBlue检测青蒿琥酯对U87和U2512种人源胶质母细胞瘤细胞活性和增殖的影响;流式细胞术检测青蒿琥酯对2种细胞周期的调节作用;采用q RT-PCR和Western blotting检测青蒿琥酯对2种细胞自噬水平的影响。采用DNA甲基化联合网络药理学从表观遗传学层面研究青蒿琥酯干预GBM的靶标基因,并建立蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,通过计算网络中各节点的网络拓扑特征值,筛选出青蒿琥酯干预GBM的核心靶点并进行生物功能富集分析;采用AutoDock v4.2.6和Auto Dock Vina v1.2.0软件开展分子对接虚拟计算,考察青蒿琥酯与其候选关键靶点的结合能力,并采用Western blotting验证青蒿琥酯对2种脑胶质瘤细胞中关键靶点表达的影响。结果青蒿琥酯可显著抑制U87细胞的活性和增殖(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),而对U251细胞的药效不显著;高剂量青蒿琥酯可影响2种细胞周期分布;高剂量青蒿琥酯可显著提高U87细胞中3种自噬标志分子[自噬关键分子酵母Atg6同系物(ATG6 autophagy related 6 homolog,Beclin1)、泛素结合蛋白(ubiquitin-binding protein,p62)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,LC3)]的m RNA表达水平(P<0.001),而仅高剂量青蒿琥酯升高U251细胞中p62的m RNA表达水平(P<0.05);低、中、高剂量青蒿琥酯可显著提高U87细胞中Beclin1、p62、LC3B蛋白表达水平(P<0.05、0.01),仅中、高剂量青蒿琥酯可以影响U251细胞中Beclin1、p62、LC3B蛋白表达。利用给药前后的U87与U251细胞进行DNA甲基化测序与网络药理学整合分析,在获得青蒿琥酯敏感型和耐药型脑胶质瘤细胞的差异基因集,以及青蒿琥酯干预2种细胞效应基因集的基础上,发现其干预2类脑胶质瘤细胞的关键网络靶标共同参与GBM恶性进展密切相关的血小板衍生生长因子受体α(platelet derived growth factor receptorα,PDGFRA)-大鼠肉瘤基因(rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog,RAS)-B-Raf原癌基因(B-Raf proto-oncogene,BRAF)-丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶(mitogenactivated protein kinase kinase,MEK)-细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal regulated kinase,ERK)通路,且青蒿琥酯与其直接靶标(PDGFRA、BRAF)具有较强的亲和力。Western blotting实验证实青蒿琥酯可以抑制U87和U251细胞中关键靶点PDGFRA和BRAF蛋白的表达(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。结论青蒿琥酯可能通过靶向调控PDGFRA-RAS-BRAF-MEKERK信号通路,从而抑制GBM细胞的生长和扩散,为青蒿琥酯治疗GBM提供了体外实验依据,也为解决临床抗肿瘤药物的耐药问题提供了新思路和新方法。

关键词：青蒿琥酯胶质母细胞瘤 DNA甲基化分析耐药 PDGFRA-RAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK信号通路

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Improving Effect of Acetic Acid Bacteria (Gluconacetobacter hansenii GK-1) on sIgA and Physical Conditions in Healthy People: Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 541-557页

作者： Soyogu Yamashita Mariko Oe Mamoru Kimura Yohei okuyama Satoshi Seino Daichi Kajiyama Ryosuke Matsuoka Yasunobu Masuda Keiichi Tsukinoki R&D Division Kewpie Corporation Tokyo Japan Kanagawa Dental University Kanagawa Japan

It is known that the consumption of bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria has beneficial effects on human immune function. Most of them are Gram-positive bacteria, and there are few reports on Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we evaluated the effects of intake of Gluconacetobacter hansenii GK-1 (GK-1), Gram-negative acetic acid bacteria, for 12 weeks on physical condition and immune indices. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in 100 healthy adults. The subjects were randomized into the GK-1 and the placebo groups. The diary-administered physical condition survey was conducted during the study period. The evaluation of salivary sIgA levels, NK-cell activity, and serum IFN-γ levels and quality of life survey was conducted before, in 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after the start of ingestion. Based on the physical condition survey, the cumulative onset-days of symptoms were significantly suppressed in the GK-1 group compared to the placebo group regarding the evaluation of 13 symptoms related to immunity, every 3 weeks. Additionally, salivary sIgA levels per hour were significantly increased in the GK-1 group compared with the placebo group at 6 and 12 weeks. Despite no significant differences in the NK-cell activity, serum IFN-γ levels or quality of life survey between the groups. Serum IFN-γ levels in the GK-1 group were significantly elevated at 12 weeks after the start of ingestion compared with those before ingestion. In conclusion, intake of GK-1 was shown to increase salivary sIgA levels and improve physical condition. This suggested that oral intake of GK-1 may help maintain the immune system.

关键词： Acetic Acid Bacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria Gluconacetobacter hansenii GK-1 (GK-1) Functional Food Immune

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The Expression of Surfactant Proteins A and D in the Intestines and Pancreas of Murine Fetuses

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第1期4卷 12-20页

作者： Ryuta Saka Hiroomi okuyama Kaoru Uchida Kumiko Nakahira Takashi Sasaki Satoko Nose Masahiro Nakayama Masahiro Fukuzawa Itaru Yanagihara Department of Developmental Medicine Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health Izumi Japan Department of Pediatric Surgery Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan Department of Pediatric Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health Izumi Japan

Purpose: Surfactant proteins exist in the digestive tract and may play an important role in the host defense. However, the expression of surfactant proteins in the premature digestive system remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of surfactant proteins in the intes-tines and pancreas of murine fetuses. Methods: Immunostaining for SP-A and SP-D was assessed in the small intestine and pancreas of ICR murine fetuses on days 15, 16, 17 and 18 of gestation (normal duration of pregnancy: 19 - 21 days). RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of spa and spd mRNA in the small intestine and pancreas on day 16, 17 and 18 of gestation. Results: Immunoreactivity for SP-A and SP-D in the acinar cells of pancreas and intestinal mucosal surface were positive on day 16 of gestation onward. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of spa and spd mRNA was significant in the pancreas but weak in the small intestine. Conclusions: Our data revealed that surfactant proteins are present in the fetal intestines and pancreas and that a significant expression of spa and spd mRNA is detected in the fetal pancreas. Pancreas may be a possible organ involved in the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins into the intestinal lumen.

关键词： Surfactant Protein Fetus Intestine Pancreas

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Fungal rhinosinusitis with atypical presentation-a report of two cases

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第5期 418-420页

作者： Rafael da Costa Monsanto Rodrigo Silva Orem Fernanda Resende e Silva Fabio Hiroshi okuyama Fabio Tadeu Moura Lorenzetti Department of Otolaryngology Banco de Olhos de Sorocaba HospitalBrazil Faculdade de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Brazil

Rhinosinusitis affects approximately 20%of the population,and the chronic rhinosinusitis represents over 90%of all cases of *** correct diagnosis is important for proper treatment and to predict its *** study presents two cases of atypical frontal sinus disease,which the follow-up revealed a diagnosis of fungal *** present study aims to describe the cases of two patients with atypical lesions on the left frontal sinus;the treatment options,surgical approach,results,diagnosis and follow-up are further discussed.A significant increase in the reported cases of fungal rhinosinusitis has been seen in the last two decades,justified by the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and steroids,as well as the increased number of immunocompromised *** study reports the cases of two patients with a type of fungal rhinosinusitis named"fungal ball",characterized by a tangle of hyphae in the sinuses without tissue *** treatment included surgical removal of the fungal infectious process with aeration of the affected sinus,and the procedure was successfully performed in our patients.

关键词： Frontal sinusitis Fungus Treatment Surgery

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Inhibition of the Oversensing of Cardiac Pacemakers in Chest CT

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2012年第4期2卷 119-124页

作者： Norihiko Akiba Masashi Takeda Giichiro Nakaya Osamu Nakamura Mika Tsuboi Joel Matsumoto Kyoichi Ito Yasuo okuyama Morio Shimada Kohki Yoshikawa Department of Clinical Engineering National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center Tokyo Japan Department of Radiological Technology Nihon Institute of Medical Science Moroyama Japan Department of Radiology Japanese RedCross Medical CenterTokyo Japan Department of Radiology National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center Tokyo Japan Graduate Division of Medical Health Sciences in Graduate School of Komazawa University Tokyo Japan Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation Tokyo Japan

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify how to manage oversensing of pacemakers in chest CT. Methods: Four different models of pacemakers were examined to select the pacemaker generating oversensing. To the pacemaker with oversensing, intermittent switching X-ray was exposed using ECG-gated CT helical scan system at prospective CTA mode. IVY Model was used to synchronize the ECG. Only during in the alert period that is non-refractory and sensing is available, intermittent switching X-ray (300 msec/sec) was exposed in chest CT. For comparison, the same intermittent switching X-ray (300 msec/sec) was exposed in the refractory period when sensing was not available. Results: Oversensing was detected only in one of the four pacemakers tested. In this pacemaker, oversensing was generated by exposure of the intermittent switching X-ray in the alert (non-refractory) period, but oversensing was not observed in the refractory period. Conclusion: A pacemaker has alert and refractory periods. Oversensing of a pacemaker was found to be inhibited by selective ECG-synchronized exposure in the refractory period. Since all pacemakers have the refractory period, the results of this study can be widely applied to the patients with pacemakers in chest CT, and their chest CT can be operated safely.

关键词： Cardiac Pacemaker Refractory Period Oversensing Computed Tomography Chest CT

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Irritable bowel syndrome in Chinese nursing and medical school students—Related lifestyle and psychological factors

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期3卷 55-63页

作者： Yukiko Okami Gyozen Nin Kiyomi Harada Sayori Wada Tomiko Tsuji Yusuke okuyama Susumu Takakuwa Motoyori Kanazawa Shin Fukudo Akane Higashi Department of Behavioral Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan Department of Education Kyoto Women’s University Kyoto Japan Department of Gastroenterology Japan Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital Kyoto Japan Department of Health and Nutrition Nagoya Bunri University Inazawa Japan Ex-Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University Kyoto Japan

Background: Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is 10% - 15% in the general population. IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort and disordered defecation associated with a stressful lifestyle. However, the cause of IBS has not been clarified yet. Based on a similar, previous study in Japan, this study investigated the prevalence of IBS and the relationship between IBS and stress, lifestyle and dietary habits among nursing and medical school students in China. Methods: Designed to investigate IBS symptoms, life- style, dietary intake, life events, anxiety and depresssion, a blank self-administrated questionnaire was used to survey 2500 nursing or medical students in China. Questionnaires were collected from 2141 stu- dents (85.6%) and responses obtained from 1934 students (90.3%) were analyzed. Results: On the whole, the prevalence of IBS was 32.1% in this study, 26.6% in males and 33.6% in females. In females, the IBS group showed a bedtime later than that in the non-IBS group, and the length of time asleep in the IBS group was shorter than that in the non-IBS group (p p = 0.005). In females, the IBS group showed a frequency for the intake of vegetables and potatoes that was lower than that of the non-IBS group (p = 0.007, p = 0.023). The prevalence of IBS among nursing and medical school students in China (32.1%) was significantly lower than that in Japan (35.5%). Especially, the number of females in the constipation dominant IBS subgroup in China (11.8%) was less than that found in Japan (20.4%). Conclusions: The prevalence of IBS was high among nursing and medical students in China, but lower than that shown in Japan.

关键词： China Irritable Bowel Syndrome Nursing School Medical School Lifestyle Food Frequency Dietary Habits

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Usefulness of vonoprazan,a potassium ion-competitive acid blocker,for primary eradication of Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第4期7卷 550-555页

作者： Shinya Yamada Takumi Kawakami Yoshikazu Nakatsugawa Takahiro Suzuki Hideki Fujii Naoya Tomatsuri Hideki Nakamura Hideki Sato Yusuke okuyama Hiroyuki Kimura Norimasa Yoshida Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital

AIM To investigate usefulness of triple therapy with vonoprazan,a potassium ion-competitive acid blocker and antibiotics,for Helicobacter pylori(***) *** The *** eradication rate was examined in 2507 patients(2055 undergoing primary eradication and 452 undergoing secondary eradication,excluding patients with subtotal gastrectomy) at the Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital from March 2013 to September *** patients treated from March 2013 to February 2015,a proton pump inhibitor(PPI) was used to reduce acid secretion,while vonoprazan was used after March *** success rates of the 2 regimens(PPI + amoxicillin + clarithromycin/metronidazole,or vonoprazan + amoxicillin + clarithromycin/metronidazole) were *** The success rate of primary *** eradication was significantly higher in the vonoprazan *** stratified by the underlying disease,a significant increase of the *** eradication rate was observed in patients with chronic gastritis.A significantly lower *** eradication rate was observed in younger patients compared to older patients in the PPI group,but there was no difference according to age in the vonoprazan *** the otherhand,the success rate of secondary eradication was similar at approximately 90% in both *** Vonoprazan is very useful for primary eradication of ***,and may become a first-line acid secretion inhibitor instead of PPIs.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Eradication Vonoprazan Chronic gastritis Potassium ion-competitive acid blocker

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日本东工大建筑学设计教育体系

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建筑学报 2015年第10期 6-11页

作者：奥山信一平辉日本东京工业大学日本东京工业大学理工学研究科

以日本东京工业大学建筑设计教育的体系和方针为主题,介绍其成立背景及现在的建筑设计教育框架理论与实践融合的特点;围绕此教育框架,具体介绍了本科和硕士研究生阶段建筑设计的课程设置;通过对建筑的定义及其价值构成的分析,引出关于... 详细信息

以日本东京工业大学建筑设计教育的体系和方针为主题,介绍其成立背景及现在的建筑设计教育框架理论与实践融合的特点;围绕此教育框架,具体介绍了本科和硕士研究生阶段建筑设计的课程设置;通过对建筑的定义及其价值构成的分析,引出关于课堂讲授在建筑设计教育中的局限性的讨论;提出东工大正在实践的研究室体制,并对研究室中师生之间的结构关系与实际运作展开进一步探讨。

关键词：建筑设计教育东京工业大学实理与学理课堂讲授体制研究室体制

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