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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Albuminuria among HIV Ivorian Children, Using the Dipstick Method

Open Journal of Nephrology 2018年第1期8卷 1-9页

作者： Tia Weu Melanie Messou K. Eugene Lagou Delphine Amelie Cisse Lassina Grinmaud Mylene Coulibaly Pessa Albert N’Zoue kanga Sita Department of Nephrology CHU Yopougon Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire CePReF Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Department of Paediatrics Chu Treichville Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Context: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children are at risk of developing chronic kidney disease defined by decreased glomerular filtration rate and or proteinuria. Studies on the prevalence of and risk factors for proteinuria among HIV-infected children in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce and in Cote d’Ivoire, there is paucity of reported data. We determined the prevalence of and the risk factors for proteinuria among HIV-infected Ivorian children in both ART (antiretroviral therapy)-na?ve and ART-exposed children. Method: It was a cross-sectional bi-centric study, conducted from July 2013 to April 2014. Each child’s urine was tested for proteinuria and microalbuminuria using multi test strips and mitral test, respectively. Proteinuria was defined as of significant of 1+ and above on the dipstick or the presence of microalbuminuria ≥ 20 mg/l. Results: Of the 155 HIV-infected children enrolled, there were 78 boys. Sixty seven point seven percent were treated with antiretroviral and 74.1% had treatment duration of less than 5 years. In the first dipstick test, the prevalence of proteinuria was 29% which persisted in 9.7% after 24 hour urinary protein examination. It was significantly different between the 2 groups treated and na?ve (2.8% versus 24%). The advanced CDC clinical stage emerged as the main independent determinant of proteinuria. Conclusion: Proteinuria is common in HIV-infected Ivorian children. Screening for proteinuria in HIV-infected children will help in early and treatment, and thus prevention and progression to chronic kidney disease to end-stage kidney disease.

关键词： Prevalence Proteinuria HIV Ivorian Child Antiretroviral Therapy

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Clinical Performances of Pure TB-Lamp Kit for <i>M. tuberculosis</i>Complex Detection in Sputum Samples

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第2期5卷 129-138页

作者： Kouassi N’guessan Jacob Adegbele Ibrahima Coulibaly Natacha kouame-N’takpé Hortense Seck-Angu André Guei Jacquemin Kouakou Mireille Dosso Laboratoire Nationale de Référence de la Tuberculose Institut Pasteur de C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre Antituberculeux de Yopougon Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Programme National de Lutte contre la Tuberculose Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Tuberculosis represents a main concern for public health worldwide. In poor countries, the most prevalent method for bacteriological confirmation re- mains Smear Sputum Microscopy (SSM). This study objective was to assess clinical performances of Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification for TB detection (Lamp-TB). Sputum of patients presenting symptoms consistent with tuberculosis were collected according to the National Tuberculosis Control Programme guidelines in Centre Antituberculeux de Yopougon. SSM after Ziehl-Neelsen staining and TB-Lamp were blindly performed with spot sputum specimen. Samples, transported at Institut Pasteur de Cote d’Ivoire were decontaminated according to N-acetyl-L-cystein (NALC) method. In Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT), 500 μl of pellet were inoculated and incubated in MGIT 960 instrument. MPT64 antigen was detected on positive culture. Of 500 patients enrolled, 469 were included. Clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis Complex were detected for 157 (33.5%). Comparatively to culture, Sensitivity and Specificity of SSM were 86% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 81% - 91%) 96% (95%IC: 94% - 98%) respectively. TB-Lamp Sensitivity was 92% (95%CI: 88% - 96%), and Specificity 94% (95%CI: 91% - 97%). Positive Predictive Value of SSM and TB-Lamp was 91.8% and 88.8% respectively. Negative Predictive Value of TB-Lamp assay was 95.7% whereas this of SSM was 93.3%. Positive Likelihood Ratio was 15.3 for TB-Lamp and 21.5 for SSM 21.5 whereas negative Likelihood of TB-Lamp was lower than SSM. Active tuberculosis was detected in162/469 (34.5%) with TB-Lamp and 147 (31.3%) with SSM. TB-Lamp assay performances estimated from sputum samples may improve detection of active TB cases in routine.

关键词： Tuberculosis Ziehl-Neelsen TB-Lamp Assay

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Primary Malignant Bones Cancers in Cote d’Ivoire: Epidemiological and Histopathological Aspects

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Open Journal of Pathology 2018年第2期8卷 51-59页

作者： Kone Samba J. N’dah kouame R. Kouakou Konan A. Ngandjeu Nawé Doukoure Brahima Bana Abdoulaye Eti Edmond Agoh Serge Service de Traumatologie-CHU de Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Service d’Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques-CHU de Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Service de Stomatologie-CHU de Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Service de Rhumatologie-CHU de Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Primary bones cancers are rare and ubiquitous malignant tumors. Aim: Our study aimed was to describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of primary malignant bone cancers in Ivory Coast. Material and method: This is a retrospective and descriptive study of primary malignant bone cancers diagnosed over the period 1990 to 2013 (24 years). The studied parameters were: epidemiological aspects (frequency, age, sex, topography) and histological aspects. Results: Over the study period, primary malignant bone cancers accounted for 1.93% (n = 228) of cancers. The average age was 27.02 years with extremes of 2 and 85 years. The sex ratio was 1.65. They were in the skull and maxilla in 43.9% (n = 105), lower limbs (23.8%), spine and ribs (19.8%), pelvis (5.3%) and upper limbs (2.3%). The clinic was dominated by pain and alteration of general state. Radiology was variable depending on the histological type. In children, primary malignant bone cancers were found in the maxillary (77.9%) and the lower limb (15.8%). Burkitt’s lymphomas represented 36.4% (n = 66) of the histological types followed by 22.4% osteosarcomas (n = 51). In adults at histology, sarcomas were the most common (10%), followed by cancers of the hematopoietic and lymphatic organs (8.09%). Conclusion: Primary malignant bone cancers are rare in Ivory Coast. They most often affect male children with maxillofacial involvement and predominant lower extremity. Burkitt’s lymphoma and osteosarcoma are the often diagnosed histological types.

关键词： Cancers Bones Epidemiology Histopathology Cote d’Ivoire

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Influence of Active Charcoal and Plant Position on Some Morphological Parameters of a Local Variety of Okra (<i>Abelmoschus caillei</i>)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2021-2030页

作者： kouame N’Guessan Koffi Ahébé Marie Hélène Kouassi N’Dri Jacob N’Guessan N’Guessan Alain Yatty Kouadio Justin Unit of Teaching of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology UFR Agroforestry UniversityJean Lorougnon GUEDE (UJLoG) Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Okra is a plant rich in nutrients and is very well consumed in Côte d’Ivoire. Despite its many benefits, the production of this vegetable is still weak in our country. The reasons for this include the inadequate selection of varieties, the high cost of inputs and the poverty of the soil for its cultivation. One of the alternatives for sustained production is to solve the problem of soil fertility. In the case of our work, the aim is to improve the yield of okra. To achieve this goal, experiments were undertaken to evaluate the impact of activated charcoal on morphological parameters of a local okra variety. For this purpose, the charcoal used was activated in three different times (activation time equal to 0 days, 15 days and 30 days). The experimental device used is a split-plot with three repetitions, each comprising 12 elementary plots. The various charcoals were buried the same day. Then, the seedling was done with two positions including outside position and inside position. Observations were made on 360 plants. An analysis of the variances was carried out on the morphological parameters. Fruit mass is the variable most influenced by activated charcoal. Thus, the greatest value of the mass was obtained with the charcoal CA0, with outside position.

关键词： Activated Charcoal Okra Position Morphological Parameters

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Profile of Patients with Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis in Abidjan

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2018年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： kouame Konan Yvon Kouassi Moctar Touré Evrard Narcisse Seka Oumou Kimso Mudasiru Akanji Oseni Bitti Adde Odo Arsène Gaetan Kagambega Innocent Adoubi Oncology Department of the Treichville University Hospital Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Felix Houphou-et-Boigny University Abidjan Cote d'Ivoire

Patients with breast cancer will develop brain metastases in 15% - 25% of cases. Objective: To identify the profile of patients with breast cancer brain metastasis. Method: Retrospective study over 4 years in the oncology department of Treichville Hospital. All patients with breast carcinoma who had a brain metastasis during their cancer management were included. Results: 41 cases of breast carcinoma brain metastasis were collected. Patients were older than 40 years in 78% of cases. Family history of breast cancer was found in 7% of patients. More than 80% of patients had consulted with T3 and T4 tumor masses, with 100% of cases of node involvement. The brain was the second site of metastasis. The tumors were Triple negative in 48%, Her2 positive in 36% and luminal in 16%. Brain metastases were of late onset in the majority of cases (68%). They were clinically characterized by headaches (100%), most often included in an intracranial hypertension syndrome (52%). They were multiple (60%). Therapeutically, no surgery was performed on the metastases. Three patients received whole brain radiation therapy. All patients received systemic therapy. In terms of response, 30 cases of progression were observed after treatment and 2 cases of complete response were obtained. Survival from onset of brain metastasis was of 75% at 3 months and 2% at 12 months. Patients with longer survival rates were over 40 years old with triple negative breast cancer. Conclusion: Brain metastasis from breast cancer most often occurs in a particular clinical and pathological context in our countries.

关键词： Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis Abidjan

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Influence of Some Physicochemical Exposure Factors on the Metronidazole Content of a Pharmaceutical Product: Flagyl®250 mg Tablet

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2022年第3期12卷 31-45页

作者： Mariette Desiree Yehe Frédérique Yah Marie-Pierre Nikiema Linda Hé Vincent De Paul Ovi Jean-Kisito kouame Patrick Grah Atheba Gildas Komenan Gbassi Department of Analytical Sciences and Public Health UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences (UFR SPB) Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast National Public Health Laboratory Food Control Service Abidjan Ivory Coast Félix Houphouë t Boigny University Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Bromatology General Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry Abidjan Ivory Coast

The present work aims to study the influence of some physicochemical parameters (light, temperature, ethanol, bile salts, potassium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide) on the content of Metronidazole (MTZ) contained in the reference substance (SR) and in a pharmaceutical specialty Flagyl® 250 mg tablet (FLG). The method developed was linear and accurate in accordance with USP 38 and the MTZ contents were obtained by UV-visible spectrophotometry at 278 nm. These contents ranged from 225 mg to 275 mg and were thus consistent with the concentration present in the proprietary medicines (250 mg). The study of the influence of physicochemical parameters on the MTZ content in SR and FLG showed that MTZ contents are unstable in the presence of Ethanol at 96˚, KOH at 0.1N and bile salts but also when the temperature is higher than 25˚C. However, they remain stable in the presence of light and H2O2 and undergo degradation in an acidic environment.

关键词： Metronidazole Influence Physicochemistry Content Stability

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Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity Evaluation of Schiff Bases Derived from 1,8-Diaminonaphtalène

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2023年第2期13卷 29-37页

作者： Niameke Jean Baptiste kangah Nanou Tiéba Tuo Daouda Ballo Ahmont Landry Claude Kablan N’goran Etienne kouame Charles Guillaume Kodjo Nahossé Ziao Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu UFR SFA Universite Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Heterocyclique URAC 21 Pole de Competence Pharmacochimie Faculte des Sciences Universite’ Mohammed V Rabat Morocco Laboratoire de Constitution et Reaction de la Matiere (LCRM) UFR Sciences des Structures de la Matiere et Technologie Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire UFR Des Sciences Biologiques Universite Peleforo Gon Coulibaly de Korhogo Korhogo C&ocircte d’Ivoire

The compounds have been synthesized and characterized by routine MS, IR and NMR spectrometry methods. The compounds are all active on bacterial strains with the exception of Salmonella typhimirium, with a MIC value of 7.5 mg/mL. They show a percentage of anti-radical activity of 75.476 ± 5.070 for the compound DAN-S and of 68.142 ± 6.539 for the compound DAN-OV. The compounds are sensitive to the two champions used. DAN-S compound is then the most active.

关键词： Schiff Base Spectrometry Antioxidant Antimicrobial Activity Inhibition 1 8-Diaminonaphthalene

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Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Renal Diseases Diagnosed by Biopsies in Ivory Coast

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第3期12卷 100-113页

作者： kouame Justin N’Dah Weu Melanie Tia Alain Didier Abouna Ibrahiman Toure Amelie Delphine Lagou Monley Cyr Guei Ibrahim Cherif Moussa Traore Eyram Amekoudi Attaah Ange Rebecca Kobenan Sery Patrick Olivier Diopo kouame Hubert Yao N’Guessan Clement Ackoundou Koffi Laurence Adonis Dazé Apolinaire Gnionsahié Mohenou Isidore Jean Marie Diomande Department of Anatomic Pathology University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Department of Nephrology University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Department of Anatomic Pathology University Teaching Hospital of Cocody Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Nephrology University Teaching Hospital of Yopougon Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Nephrology University Teaching Hospital of Donka Conakry Guinea Department of Nephrology Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital Lomé Togo Department of Nephrology University Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Pediatric Nephrology University Teaching Hospital of Yopougon Abidjan Ivory Coast

Renal biopsy is an invasive procedure used to evaluate the activity and the therapeutic management of kidney disease and kidney transplantation. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of kidney disease diagnosed by biopsy in the Ivory Coast. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and prospective study conducted between January 2015 and December 2018 in the Department of Anatomy and Cytology of the Pathology of Cocody (Abidjan) and Bouake. Specimens were obtained from the nephrology department of Ivory Coast and from teaching hospitals in Togo, Guinea, Burkina Faso, and Mali. Samples were analyzed according to standard renal biopsy procedures. One kidney fragment was fixed in acetic acid formalin (AAF) for optical microscopy examination. The other fragment, soaked in physiological water, was immediately sent for immunofluorescence examination. All renal pathologies were included in this study. The study parameters were frequency, age, sex, origin, occupation, clinical and biological signs, and pathological aspects with optical microscopy, and immunofluorescence. Results: 153 cases (2.23%) of kidney biopsies were examined on a total of 10,573 specimens. Ivory Coast specimens accounted for 91.5% of cases (n = 140). Nephrotic syndrome (49%) was the most common clinical sign and indication for renal biopsy, followed by acute renal failure (16.3%), chronic renal failure (19.6%), and a combination of chronic renal failure with hypertension (11.18%) and glomerulonephritis (4%). Mean proteinuria was 3.03 g/24h (range, 0.14 to 11.5 g/24h). Histologically, 90.8% (n = 139) were glomerular nephropathies, including 26.6% HIV-associated nephropathy, 17.3% focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 13.6% nephroangiosclerosis, 11.5% post-infectious glomerulonephritis, 9.3% membranous glomerulonephritis, and 21.6% miscellaneous glomerular nephropathies (n = 30). The incidence of various tubulo-interstitial lesions was

关键词： Kidney Biopsy Disease Pathology Ivory Coast

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Influence of Some Physico-Chemical Exposure Factors on the Carbocysteine Content of an Opened Pharmaceutical Product

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第12期13卷 495-505页

作者： Jean-Kisito kouame Mariette Desiree Yehe Carine Nina Able Vincent De Paul Ovi Hervé Tazoh Broh Claude Bérenger Ngalemo Ngantchouko Gildas Komenan Gbassi National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) Food Control Service Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Analytical Sciences and Public Health UFR Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Félix Houphou&euml t Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast

The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of Carbocysteine (CBC) contained in a reference substance (RS) and in a sample of opened RHINATHIOL® 5% syrup (RNTL 5%) under the effect of some physicochemical parameters (temperature, light, time, pH, bile salts). The developed method was linear, precise and accurate according to USP 38. The co-efficient of determination R2 for linearity was 0.9993. The respective RSD of intra-day and inter-day between days (1st, 2nd and 3rd day) were respectively 0.338% and the interval from 0.05% to 0.387%. The average recovery rate ranged from 98.490% to 100.450%. The detection and quantification limits were 0.0001 mg/mL and 0.001 mg/mL respectively. The method was applied to four samples of opened syrup containing CBC and the CBC content in these samples was found to be in accordance with USP 38. The CBC content in the opened sample of RNTL 5% was obtained by UV-visible spectrophotometry at 217 nm and was 4.887 g/100mL. The study of the influence of physico-chemical factors on the content of CBC in RS and RNTL 5% showed that the evolution of CBC contents in each drug matrix remained dependent on pH and temperature. However, these levels remained stable in the presence of light.

关键词： Influence Physico-Chemistry Content Carbocysteine Stability

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The Geological Formations of Koun Fao (East of Côte d’Ivoire): Petrographic Characterization and Associated Deformations

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第10期12卷 787-810页

作者： Tokpa Kakeu Lionel-Dimitri Boya Fossou Jean-Luc Hervé Kouadio Allou Gnanzou Martial Pohn Koffi Adingra Odrouro Ablan Anne Marie kouame Marc Ephrem Allialy Laboratory of Geology Mineral and Energy Resources/Training and Research Unit in Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources Félix Houphou&euml t-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

This study aims to contribute to improve knowledge on geological formations of Comoé basin. The petrographic study of the geological formations of Koun Fao has highlighted two major lithological families: magmatic rocks consisting of monzonites, monzogranites, diorites, biotite granodiorites, syenites, porphyritic micromonzonites and porphyritic dacite and metamorphic rocks from sedimentary origin (quartz schists, meta-greywackes, schists, andalusite chloritoschist and paragneiss). These formations are affected by amphibolite to greenschist facies metamorphism and hydrothermal alteration (pervasive and vein) marked by the presence of quartz, epidotes, chlorites and sericite. Minerals such as andalusite, muscovite and chlorite characterize a local low pressure contact metamorphism in the andalusite chloritoschist. Remote sensing data (Landsat 8 image) coupled with field data allowed the production of a geological map of the area. The study of the structures and microstructures highlighted two deformation mechanisms. These are flattening and simple shear (ductile and brittle). The study area is affected by four deformation phases: D1 marked by a N-S to NNE-SSW elongation, D2 marked by a NW-SE to NNW-SSE compression phase, D3 which is a NE-SW to NNE-SSW transpression phase and D4, responsible for late structures, marked by a NW-SE to NNW-SSE transpression phase.

关键词： Petro-Structural Geological Formations Comoé Basin Koun Fao Côte d’Ivoire

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