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Using dynamic dewpoint isotherms to determine the optimal storage conditions of inert dust-treated hard red winter wheat

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2020年第4期3卷 127-137页

作者： kouame Yao Jennifer Anthony Ronaldo Maghirang David Hagstrum Kunyan Zhu Subramanyam Bhadriraju Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattan 66506USA Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattan 66506USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattan 66506USA Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattan 66506USA

Water-solid interactions play a key role in determining the efficacy of inert dusts. The critical water activity(Awc) for phase transition in amorphous materials is an important characteristic of amorphous inert dusts used as grain protectants. As water activity(Aw) rises above Awc, amorphous dusts undergo a transition from glassy or vitreous state to rubbery state. Such a transition induces dramatic changes in material properties, texture and structure, and hence impact their performance as grain protectants. Full Dynamic Dewpoint Isotherms(DDI) of a synthetic amorphous zeolite intended for grain protection were generated using the Vapor Sorption Analyzer(VSA) to determine Awcby investigating the relationship between moisture content and Awat constant temperatures. Sorption experimental data was fitted using three sorption isotherm models: Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer(GAB), Double Log Polynomial(DLP),and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller(BET). DLP model was the best model to estimate zeolite and wheat sorption isotherms. Full sorption isotherms of zeolite and wheat obtained at 25, 35, and 45 °C clearly showed the hysteresis phenomenon. The hysteresis loops were of type H3 for wheat, and of type H4 for zeolite powder. The intensity of hysteresis remained unchanged for wheat. However, the intensity of hysteresis decreased with increasing temperatures during water adsorption by porous zeolite powder. Monolayer moisture content values for each sorption direction were provided only by GAB and BET models and indicated a decrease in monolayer moisture content with an increase in temperature. The net isosteric heats of sorption and the differential enthalpy of zeolite estimated by the Clausius–Clapeyron equation and determined graphically decreased with increasing moisture content. Conversely, differential entropy of zeolite decreased with increasing zeolite moisture content. The optimal moisture content of inert dust for grain treatment was dependent on wheat moisture content and whea

关键词： Dynamic dewpoint isotherm Critical water activity GAB BET DLP Sorption kinetics Inert dust Wheat

Influences and drivers of woody debris movement in urban watercourses

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2014年第8期57卷 1512-1521页

作者： ALLEN Deonie arthur Scott HAYNES Heather WALLIS Stephen G WALLERSTEIN Nicholas Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt University

It is recognised that the blockage of culverts by woody debris can result in an increased risk of infrastructure damage and *** date,debris transport analysis has focused on regional fluvial systems and large woody debris,both in flume and field *** the social and economic risk associated with urban flooding,and as urban drainage design shifts away from subsurface piped network reliance,there is an increasing need to understand debris movement in urban *** prediction of urban watercourse small woody debris(SWD)movement,both quantity and risk,has undergone only limited analysis predominantly due to lack of field *** paper describes the development of a methodology to enable the collection of accurate and meaningful SWD residency and transportation data from *** presented research examines the limitations and effective function of PIT tag technology to collect SWD transport data in the field appropriate for risk and prediction *** integrated transponder(PIT)technology provides a method to collect debris transport data within the urban *** this study,the tags are installed within small woody debris and released at known locations into a small urban natural watercourse enabling monitoring of movement and travel *** velocity and detention are collated with solute time of travel,watercourse and point flow characteristics to identify the relationships between these key *** work presented tests three hypotheses:firstly,that the potential for unobstructed or un-detained SWD movement increases with flow velocity and water ***,that SWD travel distance,and the resistance forces along this travel path,influence SWD transport ***,the relationship between SWD and channel dimensions is examined with the aim of advancing representative debris transport prediction modelling.

关键词： woody debris transport prediction urban flood risk blockage solute dye tracing

Contemporary meta-analysis of short-term probiotic consumption on gastrointestinal transit

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第21期22卷 5122-5131页

作者： Larry E Miller Angela K Zimmermann arthur C Ouwehand Miller Scientific Consulting Inc. Asheville NC 28803 United States DuPont Nutrition and Health FIN-02460 Kantvik Finland

AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time(ITT) in adults and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference(SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses examined the impact of moderator variables on SMD of ***: A total of 15 clinical trials with 17 treatment effects representing 675 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was moderately efficacious in decreasing ITT compared to control, with an SMD of 0.38(95%CI: 0.23-0.53, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation(SMD: 0.57 vs 0.22, P < 0.01) and in studies with high vs low study quality(SMD: 0.45 vs 0.00, P = 0.01). Constipation(R^2 = 38%, P < 0.01), higher study quality(R^2 = 31%, P = 0.01), older age(R^2 = 27%, P = 0.02), higher percentage of female subjects(R^2 = 26%, P = 0.02), and fewer probiotic strains(R^2 = 20%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with B. lactis HN019(SMD: 0.67, P < 0.001) and B. lactis DN-173 010(SMD: 0.54, P < 0.01) while other probiotic strains yielded negligible reductions in ITT relative to ***: Probiotic supplementation is moderately efficacious for reducing ITT in adults. Probiotics were most efficacious in constipated subjects, when evaluated in high-quality studies, and with certain probiotic strains.

关键词： Constipation Gastrointestinal Intestinal transit time Meta-analysis Probiotics

Efficacy of an esfenvalerate plus methoprene aerosol for the control of eggs and fifth instars of Plodia interpunctella （Lepidoptera： Pyralidae）

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Insect Science 2010年第1期17卷 21-28页

作者： Emily A. Jenson Frank H. arthur James R. Nechols Kansas State University USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center Manhattan KS USA

Aerosol insecticides may provide an alternative to fumigants for control of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella （Hübner）, the Indianmeal moth, a major insect pest of stored processed food. In this study, eggs and larvae （5th instars） ofP. interpunctella were exposed to aerosol applications of the pyrethroid esfenvalerate and insect growth regulator methoprene, alone and in combination, in open and obstructed positions inside small sheds. When larvae were exposed to methoprene alone, adult emergence from those exposed larvae was 7.1% ± 1.5%. In contrast, adult emergence was 92.5% ± 3.5% when larvae were exposed to esfenvalerate alone. When eggs were exposed to methoprene, adult emergence of those exposed eggs was approximately 75%; however, when eggs were exposed to esfenvalerate, adult emergence was approximately 35%. In the combination treatment of methoprene plus esfenvalerate at their respective label rates, adult emergence following larval exposure was 0.91% ±0.61% compared to 16.3% ± 9.6% when eggs were exposed. Based on our results, methoprene alone is highly effective in reducing adult emergence after larval exposure. However, it is not as effective on eggs as esfenvalerate. A combination treatment of esfenvalerate plus methoprene could be used to control eggs and the wandering-phase larval stages ofP. interpunctella. An economic risk analysis also supports a strategy of combining methoprene and esfenvalerate.

关键词： control Indianmeal moth Plodia interpunctella

Physicochemical properties and morphology of biochars as affected by feedstock sources and pyrolysis temperatures

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Biochar 2019年第3期1卷 325-336页

作者： Joao arthur Antonangelo Hailin Zhang Xiao Sun Ajay Kumar Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University371 Agricultural HallStillwaterOK 74078-6028USA Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Oklahoma State University111 Agricultural HallStillwaterOK 74078USA

Feedstock sources and pyrolysis temperatures affect the physicochemical and morphological properties of *** evaluated biochars derived from switchgrass(SGB)and poultry litter(PLB)pyrolyzed at 350℃(SGB350,PLB350)and 700℃(SGB700,PLB700)to identify their potential ability in improving soil *** for SGB350,the pH of biochars was high(>10.0)and can be used as an amendment in acid ***700 had higher mineral content and nutrient availability due to its higher ash content(tenfold higher)and electrical *** functional groups responsible for metal retention were evidenced in all *** exchange capacity(CEC),specific surface area(SSA),and microporosity more than doubled by increasing pyrolysis temperature from 350 to 700℃.The pH-buffering capacity measured through acid titration curve was better than that calculated with acid/alkali *** pyrolyzed at 700℃ have much higher pH,CEC,SSA,and stronger buffering capacity,and thus are more promising to improve soil health and reduce contaminant bioavailability.

关键词： Biochars Switchgrass Poultry litter Physicochemical properties Pyrolysis

Mechanical Complications after Limb Osteosynthesis: Analysis of Etiologic Factors in 42 Cases

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第2期7卷 43-52页

作者： Moctar Traore Raphael Gogoua Maurice kouame Armand Yepie Michel Anoumou Guy Varango Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology C.H.U. Treichville Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of mechanical complications of osteosynthesis of members to prevent and improve the results of our surgical treatments. Patients and Method: Retrospective study including all patients diagnosed with mechanical complications after osteosynthesis of the limbs and who received medical follow-up. 42 patients with an average age of 42.2 years, with a male predominance (36 cases) were selected. These complications predominated in the femur with 26 cases. The implants involved were predominantly screwed plates with 25 cases. We investigated and analyzed the different types of dismantling of material as well as the etiological factors that may be at the origin of these disassembly. Results: After a mean follow-up of 15.47 months, four types of complications were identified: material expulsion (20 cases), migration (3 cases), incurvation (7 cases), fracture of material (12 cases). 4 types of factors causing dismantling have been identified: the factors related to the patient, factors related to fracture, the factors related to the implant and factors related to the surgeon. Conclusion: Disassembly of orthopedic implants is most often of multifactorial origin. These factors may act in isolation but are most often entangled in the patient. Proper preoperative planning can help prevent them. However, unexpected stresses of the implant and certain factors related to the ground remain difficult to control.

关键词： Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology C.H.U. Treichville Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Modified malleable prosthesis with a fixed mesh:case series for the Ghattas technique

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第2期24卷 167-170页

作者： Osama Ghattas Mohamed Fahmy Doheim Hossam Kotb arthur L Burnett Dar-elzokora Center of Andrology Alexandria 21500Egypt Alexandria Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandria 21131Egypt Department of Urology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Penile prosthetic implantation represents a cornerstone for patients with organic erectile dysfunction(ED)that is refractory,unsatisfactory,or contra-indicated for other approved medical or mechanical *** this study,we introduce the“Ghattas technique,”wherein we constructed a polypropylene mesh sheath that surrounds and is fixed to a 13-mm malleable prosthesis cylinder,which can increase the cylinder diameter for cases that need a larger *** patients underwent preoperative evaluation and completed the five-item International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire(IIEF-5).Postoperative outcomes were evaluated by IIEF-5 and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction(EDITS)questionnaires at final *** mean age of the 23 included patients was 57.9(standard deviation[s.d.]:11.4)years and the mean duration of ED was 8.5(s.d.:7.9)*** improvement was determined by comparing mean preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 scores(8.3[s.d.:3.9]vs 24.6[s.d.:0.6],P<0.001).High treatment satisfaction was determined according to a mean EDITS score of 94.9(s.d.:9.9).The proposed Ghattas technique was safe and effective in our patients,and provides opportunity for cases that need a diameter larger than 13 *** studies are needed to confirm these results.

关键词： erectile dysfunction mesh penile prosthesis surgical technique

Influence of a probiotic mixture on antibiotic induced microbiota disturbances

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11878-11885页

作者： Sofia Forssten Malkanthi Evans Dale Wilson arthur C Ouwehand Active Nutrition DuPont Nutrition & Health 02460 Kantvik Finland KGK Synergize London ONN6A 5R8 Canada

AIM: To study the effect of probiotic consumption on the faecal microbiota during and after antibiotic exposure.

关键词： Probiotic Antibiotic treatment Amoxicillin/ clavulanate Microbiota Beta-lactamases Lactobacillus acidophilus Bifidobacterium lactis

The Stability Constants of Complexes of BDBPH- Metals and Species Distributions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第10期12卷 925-928页

作者： Guo Qiang SHANGGUAN Jun ZHU Ke Ying WANG arthur EMARTELL Department of Chemistry Jining Medical CollegeJining 272013 Department of Chemistry Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77842

The stability constants of the mononuclear complexes of BDBPH-Zn(II), Cd(II) and Mn (II) were determined by the potentiometric equilibrium measurements, and species distributions were also discussed. The metal ions do not combine with the ligand until the first two protons of the ligand have almost been completely neutralized. The main species were mononuclear complexes with the diprotonated ligand, MH,L. The three metal ions also form mono- and noprotonated (fully deprotonated) complexes, MHL, ML. The relative order of stabilities of the mononuclear complexes, ML, is Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Mn(II). The ligand has strong tendency to form mononuclear complexes with Zn(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II), and it can also form dinuclear complexes at high pH.

关键词： BDBPH stability constant mononuclear complex species distribution