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Assessment of the validity of the clinical pathway for colon endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第28期18卷 3721-3726页

作者： Takaya aoki Takeshi Nakajima Yutaka Saito Takahisa Matsuda Taku Sakamoto Takao Itoi Yassir Khiyar Fuminori Moriyasu Endoscopy Division National Cancer Center Hospital Tokyo 104-0045 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo 160-0023 Japan

AIM: To determine the effective hospitalization period as the clinical pathway to prepare patients for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study which included 189 patients consecutively treated by ESD at the National Cancer Center Hospital from May 2007 to March 2009. Patients were divided into 2 groups; patients in group A were discharged in 5 d and patients in group B included those who stayed longer than 5 d. The following data were collected for both groups: mean hospitalization period, tumor site, median tumor size, post-ESD rectal bleeding requiring urgent endoscopy, perforation during or after ESD, abdominal pain, fever above 38 ℃, and blood test results positive for inflammatory markers before and after ESD. Each parameter was compared after data collection. RESULTS: A total of 83% (156/189) of all patients could be discharged from the hospital on day 3 postESD. Complications were observed in 12.1% (23/189) of patients. Perforation occurred in 3.7% (7/189) of patients. All the perforations occurred during the ESD procedure and they were managed with endoscopic clipping. The incidence of post-operative bleeding was 2.6% (5/189); all the cases involved rectal bleeding. We divided the subjects into 2 groups: tumor diameter ≥ 4 cm and < 4 cm; there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P = 0.93, χ 2 test with Yates correction). The incidence of abdominal pain was 3.7% (7/189). All the cases occurred on the day of the procedure or the next day. The median white blood cell count was 6800 ± 2280 (cells/μL; ± SD) for group A, and 7700 ± 2775 (cells/μL; ± SD) for group B, showing a statistically significant difference (P = 0.023, t-test). The mean C-reactive protein values the day after ESD were 0.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL and 0.5 ± 1.3 mg/dL for groups A and B, respectively, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (P = 0.54, t -test). CONCLUSION: One-day admission is sufficient in the absence of compl

关键词： Clinical pathway Colon Complication Endoscopic submucosal dissection Hospitalization period Rectum

Severe liver trauma among pediatric patients in the Japan Trauma Registry

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021年第2期4卷 36-41页

作者： Makoto aoki Toshikazu Abe Shuichi Hagiwara Daizoh Saitoh Kiyohiro Oshima Emergency Medicine Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMeabashiGunmaJapan Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Tsukuba Memorial HospitalTsukubaIbarakiJapan Emergency Medicine Kiryu Kosei General HospitalKiryuGunmaJapan Traumatology National Defense Medical CollegeTokorozawaSaitamaJapan

Background Limited information exists regarding the clinical characteristics,management practices,and outcomes of pediatric patients with liver injury in *** aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics,management,and outcome of pediatric patients with liver injury in *** We conducted a multicenter,retrospective cohort study using data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank between 2004 and *** patients with liver injury were classified into the following management groups:nonoperative management(NOM);NOM with angioembolization(AE);operative management(OM).The primary outcome was in-hospital survival,and the secondary outcomes were dispositions,hospital length of stay(LOS),and rate of discharge to *** There were 308 pediatric patients with severe liver injury(organ injury scale grades≥Ⅲ)during the study period;135 patients had isolated liver injury and 173 patients had non-isolated liver *** rates of NOM,NOM with AE,and OM among all patients were 65%,23%,and 12%,*** was highly used both in patients with isolated liver injury(27%)and non-isolated liver injury(22%).In-hospital survival of patients with isolated liver injury and those with non-isolated liver injury were 99%and 88%,*** secondary outcomes among patients with isolated liver injury,82%were admitted to the intensive care *** was 11(8-14)days and 82%were discharged to *** Our retrospective observational study showed that management of pediatric patients with severe liver injury in Japan was characterized by high utilization of *** in-hospital survival rate in Japan was comparable with that of other developed countries.

关键词： patients pediatric admitted

Clinical benefit of radiation therapy and metallic stenting for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第19期18卷 2364-2370页

作者： Hiroyuki Isayama Takeshi Tsujino Yousuke Nakai Takashi Sasaki Keiichi Nakagawa Hideomi Yamashita Taku aoki Kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Radiology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplantation Surgery Department of SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineUniversity of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan

AIM： To determine the efficacy of external beam radiotherapy （EBRT）, with or without intraluminal brachytherapy （ILBT）, in patients with non-resected locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma.METHODS： We analyzed 64 patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma, including 25 who underwent resection （17 curative and 8 non-curative）, 28 treated with radiotherapy, and 11 who received best supportive care （BSC）. The radiotherapy group received EBRT （50 Gy, 30 fractions）, with 11 receiving an ad- ditional 24 Gy （4 fractions） ILBT by iridium-192 with remote after loading. ILBT was performed using percu-taneous transhepatic biliary drainage （PTBD） route. Uncovered metallic stents （UMS） were inserted into nonresected patients with obstructive jaundice, with the exception of four patients who received percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage only. UMS were placed endoscopically or percutaneously, depending on the initial drainage procedure. The primary endpoints were patient death or stent occlusion. Survival time of patients in the radiotherapy group was compared with that of patients in the resection and BSC groups. Stent patency was compared in the radiotherapy and BSC groups.RESULTS： No statistically significant differences in patient characteristics were found among the resection, radiotherapy, and BSC groups. Three patients in the radiotherapy group and one in the BSC group did not receive UMS insertion but received PTBD alone; cholangitis occurred after endoscopic stenting, and patients were treated with PTBD. A total of 16 patients were administered additional systemic chemotherapy （5-fluorouracil-based regimen in 9, S-1 in 6, and gemcitabine in 1）. Overall survival varied significantly among groups, with median survival times of 48.7 mo in the surgery group, 22.1 mo in the radiotherapy group, and 5.7 mo in the BSC group. Patients who underwent curative resection survived significantly longer than those who were not candidates for surgery （P = 0.0076）

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Radiotherapy Intra-luminal brachytherapy Biliary metallic stent Ob-structive jaundice

The Gap Between Early Adopters and Early Majority in the Diffusion of Environmentally Friendly Farming

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Sociology Study 2014年第12期4卷 1060-1070页

作者： Misa aoki Nara Women's University Japan

As an increasing number of people have become interested in healthy and environmentally friendly farm products,the diffusion process of sustainable farming has been widely ***,few studies have empirically investigated the differences between early adopters and early majority in diffusion of environmentally friendly *** purpose of this study is to examine the existence of the gap between early adopters and the early majority in the diffusion of environmentally friendly certified farm production by focusing on the case in which a frequent buyers program(FBP)was introduced for locally certified crops in the farmers markets of *** there were no differences in the characteristics of the two groups,early adopters initiated such production through governmental information provision and expected more profit than the adopters that *** was also found that non-economic reasons and information on stable markets for the certified products were crucial for both adopter groups.

关键词： Low-input farm products diffusion process frequent buyers program(FBP) farmers market

Functional layer engineering to improve performance of protonic ceramic fuel cells

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Rare Metals 2023年第7期42卷 2250-2260页

作者： Ning Wang Zhi-Yin Huang Chun-Mei Tang Li-Xin Xing Ling Meng Yoshitaka aoki Lei Du Si-Yu Ye Huangpu Hydrogen Energy Innovation Center School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido UniversitySapporo060-8628Japan Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido UniversitySapporo060-8628Japan

Protonic ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs)have been attracting increasing attention because of their advances in high-efficiency power generation in an intermediate-temperature range,as compared to the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).The greatest difference between PCFCs and SOFCs is the specific requirement of protonic(H+)conductivity at the PCFC cathode,in addition to the electronic(e^(-))and oxide-ion(O^(2-))*** development of a triple H^(+)/e^(-)/O^(2-)conductor for PCFC cathode is still ***,the most-widely used cathode material is based on the mature e^(-)/O^(2-)***,this leads to insufficient triple phase boundary(TPB),i.e.,reaction ***,an efficient strategy that uses a~100 nm-thick proton conductive functional layer(La_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_(3-δ),LSC55)in-between the typical La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3-δ)cathode(a mature e-/O^(2-)conductor,LS C 82)and B aZr_(0.4)Ce_(0.4)Y_(0.1)Yb_(0.)1O_(3-δ)elec trolyte(11 mm in diameter,20μm in thickness)is proposed to significantly enhance the reaction ***,the ohmic resistance and polarization resistance are both decreased by 47%and 62%,respectively,compared with that of PCFCs without the functional *** power density of the PCFC with such a functional layer can be raised by up to 2.24 times,superior to those described in previous *** enhanced PCFC performances are attributed to the well-built TPB and enhanced reaction area via the functional layer engineering strategy.

关键词： Protonic ceramic fuel cell(PCFC) Cathode functional layer(CFL) Power density Triple phase boundary(TPB)

PIC Simulation of Collective Thomson Scattering in a Non-equilibrium Plasma

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PIC Simulation of Collective Thomson Scattering in a Non-equ...

作者： kota Shiosaki 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

Recently,a variety of high energy astrophysical phenomena have been successfully reproduced in laboratory experiments using high power laser *** take part in the experiment of collisionless shocks in collaboration with a group at the Institute of Laser Engineering at Osaka *** transition region of the collisionless shock is usually in a highly non-equilibrium *** order to understand the mechanism of energy dissipation at the collisionless shocks,we need to clarify the relaxation processes occurring *** diagnose such a local plasma,the Thomson scattering（TS）measurement has been widely ***,the TS is defined as an elastic scattering of a low frequency incident electromagnetic wave due to its interaction with free electrons in a *** the TS measurement has been used for a long time to measure the plasma not only in experimental devices but also in space（ionosphere）,detailed theory of the TS in a non-equilibrium plasma has not been well *** this thesis we investigate how a non-equilibrium plasma near the shock transition region is observed by the TS ***,we assume that a plasma just upstream of a shock consists of background electrons,ions,and beam *** beam instability generated in such an unstable local plasma is reproduced by using onedimensional full particle-in-cell（PIC）***,a monochromatic electromagnetic wave,as a proxy of the probe light of the TS measurement,is incident upon the system to reproduce virtual collective *** is shown that the so-called electron feature of collective TS is strongly enhanced in the beam-plasma *** characteristics of the enhanced electron feature is discussed in detail.

关键词：高能激光装置非平衡等离子体增强电子特性

Determination of Aerodynamic Sound Sources on Periodicity Noise Generated from a Micro Wind Turbine

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2014年第5期4卷 440-446页

作者： Soichi Sasaki Ryo Sakada kota Suzuki Graduate School of Engineering Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

To discuss the relationship between the periodicity noise and the aerodynamic noise source of a wind turbine, the characteristics of the actual wind turbine were measured by a wind tunnel;moreover, the flow around the impeller immersed in the uniform flow was solved by numerical simulation. In the observed wind turbine, when the mainstream velocity was 7.4 m/s or more, the power coefficient reached maximum at tip speed ratio 8. When the mainstream velocity increased in the driving condition of the maximum power point, the aerodynamic noise increased due to the periodicity noise in the vicinity of 1000 Hz and the broadband noise in the high-frequency domain. The noise sources were concentrated at the leading edge and trailing edge on the suction surface side. We experimentally indicated that the pressure fluctuation of the leading edge was the source of the periodicity noise.

关键词： Aerodynamic Noise Wind Turbine Renewable Energy

Hypothesis of Conservation of Particle Number

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Open Journal of Microphysics 2011年第1期1卷 1-12页

作者： Kozo aoki 不详

As for several nuclear reactions, the electroweak interaction is simply explained by a law of conservation of particle number. We find that the positron and electron consist of the three fundamental particles, and , respectively. Furthermore, the members of the second and third generations quark composites consist of the first generation quark and the neutrino of fundamental particles. The particle and its anti- particle pair(or neutrino and its antineutrino pair) have to be an energy quantum (or a photon). The minimum Higgs boson (called “God particle”) might be a neutral pion. The fundamental particles are simply up and down quark, neutrino, muon-neutrino, and those anti-particles.

关键词： Members Of Electron And Positron Member Of Muon Members Of W+/W-//Z0/B And Higgs Boson Members Of Second And Third Generations Quark

Flexible Twin Open Ring Metro WDM Network

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 713-714页

作者： Susumu Kinoshita Cechan Tian Satoru Ohdate Koji Takeguchi Yasuhiko aoki Photonics Networking Laboratory Fujitsu Laboratories of America Inc. 2801 Telecom Pkwy Richardson TX 75082

We have demonstrated a flexible twin open ring WDM network for metro applications. A pair of optical switches in the network keeps the fiber rings open to prevent signal circulation. Traffics are broadcast to every no... 详细信息

关键词： optical switches WDM network