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Improving the utility of locally differentially private protocols for longitudinal and multidimensional frequency estimates

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 369-379页

作者： héber h.Arcolezi Jean-François Couchot Bechara Al Bouna Xiaokui Xiao Inria andÉcole Polytechnique(IPP) PalaiseauFrance Femto-sT Institute Univ.Bourg.Franche-ComtéUBFCCNRSBelfortFrance TICKET Lab. Antonine University Hadat-BaabdaBaabdaLebanon school of Computing National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

This paper investigates the problem of collecting multidimensional data throughout time(i.e.,longitudinal studies)for the fundamental task of frequency estimation under Local Differential Privacy(LDP)*** to frequency estimation of a single attribute,the multidimensional aspect demands particular attention to the privacy ***,when collecting user statistics longitudinally,privacy progressively ***,the“multiple”settings in combination(i.e.,many attributes and several collections throughout time)impose several challenges,for which this paper proposes the first solution for frequency estimates under *** tackle these issues,we extend the analysis of three state-of-the-art LDP protocols(Generalized Randomized Response–GRR,Optimized Unary Encoding–OUE,and symmetric Unary Encoding–sUE)for both longitudinal and multidimensional data *** the known literature uses OUE and sUE for two rounds of sanitization(***),i.e.,L-OUE and L-sUE,respectively,we analytically and experimentally show that starting with OUE and then with sUE provides higher data utility(i.e.,L-OsUE).Also,for attributes with small domain sizes,we propose Longitudinal GRR(L-GRR),which provides higher utility than the other protocols based on unary ***,we also propose a new solution named Adaptive LDP for LOngitudinal and Multidimensional FREquency Estimates(ALLOMFREE),which randomly samples a single attribute to be sent with the whole privacy budget and adaptively selects the optimal protocol,i.e.,either L-GRR or *** shown in the results,ALLOMFREE consistently and considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art L-sUE and L-OUE protocols in the quality of the frequency estimates.

关键词： Local differential privacy Discrete distribution estimation Frequency estimation Multidimensional data Longitudinal studies

A Preliminary Comparative study on the Centering Algorithms for CassiniIss NAC Images

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 58-65页

作者： T.Liang Q.-F.Zhang G.-M.Liu W.-h.Zhu C.-s.Wang Department of Computer science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China sino-French Joint Laboratory for Astrometry Dynamics and Space ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China school of Computer science Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China

Obtaining high precision is an important consideration for astrometric studies using images from the Narrow Angle Camera(NAC)of the Cassini Imaging science subsystem(Iss).selecting the best centering algorithm is key to enhancing astrometric *** this study,we compared the accuracy of five centering algorithms:Gaussian fitting,the modified moments method,and three point-spread function(PsF)fitting methods(effective PsF(ePsF),PsFEx,and extended PsF(x PsF)from the Cassini Imaging Central Laboratory for Operations(CICLOPs)).We assessed these algorithms using 70 Iss NAC star field images taken with CL1 and CL2 filters across different stellar *** ePsF method consistently demonstrated the highest accuracy,achieving precision below 0.03 pixels for stars of magnitude *** to the previously considered best,the modified moments method,the e PsF method improved overall accuracy by about 10%and 21%in the sample and line directions,***,the xPsF model provided by CICLOPs had lower precision than the ***,the ePsF exhibits an improvement in measurement precision of 23%and 17%in the sample and line directions,respectively,over the *** discrepancy might be attributed to the xPsF focusing on photometry rather than *** findings highlight the necessity of constructing PsF models specifically tailored for astrometric purposes in NAC images and provide guidance for enhancing astrometric measurements using these Iss NAC images.

关键词： methods:analytical techniques:image processing stars:imaging astrometry

Identifying genetic susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus infection using collaborative cross mice and RNA-seq approach

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 36-47页

作者： Roa'a h.s.Yosief Iqbal M.Lone Aharon Nachshon heinz himmelbauer Irit Gat-Viks Fuad A.Iraqi Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael school of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Institute of Computational Biology Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 181190 ViennaAustria

Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic *** aim of this study was to search for candidate genes associated with host susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)using an RNAseq approach in CC lines and hepatic gene ***:We studied 31 male mice from 25 CC lines at 8 weeks old;the mice were infected with *** tissues were extracted from these mice 5 days post-infection,and next-generation RNA-sequencing(RNAseq)was *** GENE-E analysis platform was used to generate a clustered heat map ***:significant variation in body weight changes between CC lines was *** gene expression revealed 12 top prioritized candidate genes differ-entially expressed in resistant versus susceptible mice based on body weight ***,three candidate genes are located within genomic intervals of the previ-ously mapped quantitative trait loci(QTL),including Gm16270 and stox1 on chromo-some 10 and Gm11033 on chromosome ***:Our findings emphasize the CC mouse model's power in fine mapping the genetic components underlying susceptibility towards *** a next step,eQTL analysis will be performed for our RNA-seq *** candidate genes from our study will be further assessed with a human cohort with aspergillosis.

关键词： aspergillus fumigatus infection collaborative cross(CC)mice gene expression profile gene-network host susceptibility quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping RNA-seq

Mitigating Urban heat Island Effects: A Review of Innovative Pavement Technologies and Integrated solutions

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structural Durability & health Monitoring 2024年第5期18卷 525-551页

作者： s.F.Ismael A.h.Alias N.A.haron B.B.zaidan Abdulrahman M.Abdulghani Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Central Region Heavy Civil DivisionGranite ConstructionWoodlandsTexas77381USA sP Jain school of Global Management LidcombeSydneyNSW2141Australia Department of Communication Technology and Network Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavement technologies in advancing urban *** analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously evaluating their socio-economic and environmental impacts,with a particular emphasis on their role in mitigating the urban heat island *** evaluation of pavement types and variables inﬂuencing pavement performance to be used in the multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)framework to choose the optimal pavement application are at the heart of our *** serves to assess a spectrum of pavement options,revealing insights into the most effective and sustainable *** highlighting both the existing challenges and potential innovative solutions within theﬁeld,this paper aims to offer a directional compass for future urban planning and infrastructural *** review not only synthesizes the current state of knowledge but also aims to chart a course for future exploration,emphasizing the critical need for innovative and environmentally sensitive pavement tech-nologies in the creation of resilient and sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Pavement sustainability urban heat island environmental impact of pavements innovative pavement solutions economic and social implications sustainable development in urban areas

hybrid-Vlasov simulation of soft X-ray emissions at the Earth’s dayside magnetospheric boundaries

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 70-88页

作者： M.Grandin h.K.Connor s.hoilijoki M.Battarbee Y.Pfau-Kempf U.Ganse K.Papadakis M.Palmroth Department of Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland NAsA Goddard space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771USA space and Earth Observation Centre Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland

solar wind charge exchange produces emissions in the soft X-ray energy range which can enable the study of near-Earth space regions such as the magnetopause,the magnetosheath and the polar cusps by remote sensing *** solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)and Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)missions aim to obtain soft Xray images of near-Earth space thanks to their soft X-ray Imager(sXI)*** earlier modeling works have already simulated soft X-ray images as might be obtained by sMILE sXI during its mission,the numerical models used so far are all based on the magnetohydrodynamics description of the space *** investigate the possible signatures of ion-kinetic-scale processes in soft Xray images,we use for the first time a global hybrid-Vlasov simulation of the geospace from the Vlasiator *** simulation is driven by fast and tenuous solar wind conditions and purely southward interplanetary magnetic *** first produce global X-ray images of the dayside near-Earth space by placing a virtual imaging satellite at two different locations,providing meridional and equatorial *** then analyze regional features present in the images and show that they correspond to signatures in soft X-ray emissions of mirrormode wave structures in the magnetosheath and flux transfer events(FTEs)at the *** results suggest that,although the time scales associated with the motion of those transient phenomena will likely be significantly smaller than the integration time of the sMILE and LEXI imagers,mirror-mode structures and FTEs can cumulatively produce detectable signatures in the soft X-ray *** instance,a local increase by 30%in the proton density at the dayside magnetopause resulting from the transit of multiple FTEs leads to a 12%enhancement in the line-of-sight-and time-integrated soft X-ray emissivity originating from this ***,a proton density increase by 14%in the magnetosheath

关键词： magnetosphere magnetosheath numerical simulation sMILE LEXI soft X-ray emissions hybrid-Vlasov model polar cusp flux transfer events mirror-mode waves

A hybrid machine-learning model for solar irradiance forecasting

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 100-110页

作者： Almarzooqi, Ameera M. Maalouf, Maher El-Fouly, Tarek h. M. Katzourakis, Vasileios E. El Moursi, Mohamed s. Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos, V Khalifa Univ Dept Ind & Syst Engn POB 127788 Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Khalifa Univ Abu Dhabi Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Khalifa Univ Dept Civil Infrastruct & Environm Engn POB 127788 Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Tech Univ Crete Sch Chem & Environm Engn Khania 73100 Greece

Nowcasting and forecasting solar irradiance are vital for the optimal prediction of grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants. These plants face operational challenges and scheduling dispatch difficulties due to the fluctuating nature of their power output. As the generation capacity within the electric grid increases, accurately predicting this output becomes increasingly essential, especially given the random and non-linear characteristics of solar irradiance under variable weather conditions. This study presents a novel prediction method for solar irradiance, which is directly in correlation with PV power output, targeting both short-term and medium-term forecast horizons. Our proposed hybrid framework employs a fast trainable statistical learning technique based on the truncated-regularized kernel ridge regression model. The proposed method excels in forecasting solar irradiance, especially during highly intermittent weather periods. A key strength of our model is the incorporation of multiple historical weather parameters as inputs to generate accurate predictions of future solar irradiance values in its scalable framework. We evaluated the performance of our model using data sets from both cloudy and sunny days in seattle and Medford, UsA and compared it against three forecasting models: persistence, modified 24-hour persistence and least squares. Based on three widely accepted statistical performance metrics (root mean squared error, mean absolute error and coefficient of determination), our hybrid model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy in varying weather conditions and forecast horizons. A novel prediction method for solar irradiance, targeting both short-term and medium-term forecast horizons, is proposed to improve PV power production. The hybrid framework employs a fast trainable statistical learning technique based on the truncated-regularized kernel ridge regression model. Graphical Abstract

关键词： solar power generation kernel ridge regression hybrid model forecasting BATTERY ENERGY-sTORAGE POWER PV RADIATION PREDICTION CELLs

Machine learning-enhanced Monte Carlo and subset simulations for advanced risk assessment in transportation infrastructure

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 690-717页

作者： Furquan AhMAD Pijush sAMUI s.s.MIshRA Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of TechnologyPatna 800006India

The maintenance of safety and dependability in rail and road embankments is of utmost importance in order to facilitate the smooth operation of transportation *** study introduces a comprehensive methodology for soil slope stability evaluation,employing Monte Carlo simulation(MCs)and subset simulation(ss)with the"UPss 3.0 Add-in"in *** on an 11.693-meter embankment with a soil slope(inclination ratio of 2h:1V),the investigation considers earthquake coefficients(kh)and pore water pressure ratios(ru)following Indian zoning *** chance of slope failure showed a considerable increase as the Coefficient of Variation(COV),seismic coefficients(kh),and pore water pressure ratios(ru)experienced an *** ss approach showed exceptional efficacy in calculating odds of failure that are notably *** computational modeling,the study optimized the worst-case scenario using ANFIs-GA,ANFIs-GWO,ANFIs-PsO,and ANFIs-BBO *** ANFIs-PsO model exhibits exceptional accuracy(training R2=0.9011,RMsE=0.0549;testing R2=0.8968,RMsE=0.0615),emerging as the most *** study highlights the significance of conducting thorough risk assessments and offers practical insights into evaluating and improving the stability of soil slopes in transportation *** findings contribute to the enhancement of safety and reliability in real-world situations.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation subset simulation Machine Learning seismic coefficient

Flow Regimes in Bubble Columns with and without Internals: A Review

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 239-256页

作者： Ayat N.Mahmood Amer A.Abdulrahman Laith s.sabri Abbas J.sultan hasan shakir Majdi Muthanna h.Al-Dahhan Department of Chemical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Chemical and Petroleum Industries Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaUSA

hydrodynamics characterization in terms ofﬂow regime behavior is a crucial task to enhance the design of bubble column reactors and scaling up related *** review presents recent studies on the typicalﬂow regimes established in bubble *** effort is also provided to introduce relevant deﬁnitions pertaining to thisﬁeld,namely,that of“void fraction”and related(local,chordal,cross-sectional and volumetric)*** studies involving different parameters that affect design and operating conditions are also discussed in *** the second part of the review,the attention is shifted to cases with internals of various types(perfo-rated plates,bafﬂes,vibrating helical springs,mixers,and heat exchanger tubes)immersed in the bubble *** is shown that the presence of these elements has a limited inﬂuence on the global column ***,they can make the homogeneousﬂow regime more stable in terms of transition gas velocity and transi-tion holdup *** last section is used to highlight gaps which have not beenﬁlled yet and future directions of investigation.

关键词： hydrodynamics ﬂow regime bubble column heat-exchanging internals

Photosynthetic Gas Exchange and Nitrogen Assimilation in Green Bean Plants supplied with Two sources of silicon

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 963-980页

作者： Julio C.Anchondo-Páez Esteban sánchez Carlos A.Ramírez-Estrada Alondra salcido-Martínez Erick h.Ochoa-Chaparro Department of Plant Physiology Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloCiudad Delicias33089México

Beans contain a wide range of vitamins,proteins,calcium,and zinc which make them an important food source for many *** meet the demand for bean production worldwide,large amounts of fertilizers and pesticides are ***,the cost of production and environmental impact *** produce food sustainably,the use of beneficial nutrients such as silicon as a biostimulant has been ***,information about the effect of different sources of silicon on the metabolism of bean plants is *** plants *** were grown in pots for 60 days and the effect of foliar application of silicon nanoparticles and the silicon-based biostimulant Codasilat 4 concentrations(0,1,2,and 4 mM)on total biomass,yield,photosynthetic pigment concentration,photosynthetic activity,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,chlorophyll fluorescence,and nitrogen assimilation were *** results obtained showed that the supply of silicon at a dose of 1 mM functioned as a biostimulant,favoring gas exchange and nitrogen assimilation within the plant,which stimulated growth and *** results of this research work allowed a better comprehension of the effects of silicon application through silicon nanoparticles and the biostimulant Codasilon the physiology of green bean plants.

关键词： Nanoparticles silicon Phaseolus vulgaris L.