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Broiler gut microbiota and expressions of gut barrier genes affected by cereal type and phytogenic inclusion

Animal Nutrition 2019年第1期5卷 22-31页

作者： Vasileios Paraskeuas konstantinos C.Mountzouris Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding Agricultural University of Athens

The present study assessed the effects of cereal type and the inclusion level of a phytogenic feed additive(PFA) on broiler ileal and cecal gut microbiota composition, volatile fatty acids(VFA) and gene expression of toll like receptors(TLR), tight junction proteins, mucin 2(MUC2) and secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA). Depending on cereal type(i.e. maize or wheat) and PFA inclusion level(i.e. 0, 100 and 150 mg/kg diet), 450 one-day-old male broilers were allocated in 6 treatments according to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with 5 replicates of 15 broilers each, for 42 d. Significant interactions(P 0.05) between cereal type and PFA were shown for cecal digesta Bacteroides and Clostridium cluster XIVa, ileal digesta propionic and branched VFA, ileal s IgA gene expression, as well as cecal digesta branched and other VFA molar ratios. Cereal type affected the cecal microbiota composition. In particular, wheat-fed broilers had higher levels of mucosa-associated Lactobacillus(P_(CT)= 0.007) and digesta Bifidobacterium(P_(CT)< 0.001),as well as lower levels of total bacteria(P_(CT)= 0.004) and Clostridia clusters I, IV and XIVa(P_(CT) 0.05),compared with maize-fed ones. In addition, cereal type gave differences in fermentation intensity(P_(CT)= 0.021) and in certain individual VFA molar ratios. Wheat-fed broilers had higher(P 0.05) ileal zonula occluden 2(ZO-2) and lower ileal and cecal TLR2 and sIgA levels, compared with maize-fed broilers. On the other hand, PFA inclusion at 150 mg/kg had a stimulating effect on microbial fermentation at ileum and a retarding effect in ceca with additional variable VFA molar patterns. In addition, PFA inclusion at 100 mg/kg increased the ileal mucosa expression of claudin 5(CLDN5)(PPFA= 0.023) and MUC2(PPFA= 0.001) genes, and at 150 mg/kg decreased cecal TLR2(PPFA= 0.022) gene expression compared with the un-supplemented controls. In conclusion, cereal type and PFA affected in combination and independently broiler gut microbiota compositio

关键词： Maize Wheat Phytogenics Gut microbiota Toll like receptors Gut barrier

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Lemon Myrtle(Backhousia citriodora): An Alternative and Effective Treatment for Molluscum Contagiosum in Children with Atopic Dermatitis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第11期29卷 1018-1020页

作者： konstantinos Kakleas Shilpee Sinha Deborah Wilson Gary Stiefel Paediatric Allergy Clinic Agia Sofia Children's HospitalAthens(11527)Greece Paediatric Allergy Clinic Leicester Royal Infirmary HospitalLeicester(LE15WW)United Kingdom

Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disorder that affects approximately 10%-20%of the children in the United Kingdom.^((1)) Children with atopic dermatitis are more prone to developing molluscum contagiosum(MC).^((2,3)) MC,a common viral cutaneous infection in childhood,is caused by poxvirus of the molluscipox genus and presents as one or more umbilicated,smooth,flesh-colored,dome-shaped *** virus is transmitted through close physical contact.

关键词： dermatitis colored shaped

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New perspectives in the management of diabetic nephropathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1086-1090页

作者： Anna Psyllaki konstantinos Tziomalos The First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolAristotle University of ThessalonikiAHEPA HospitalThessaloniki 54636Greece

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is also associated with increased risk for cardiovascular *** recently,strict glycemic control and blockade of the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)constituted the mainstay of treatment of ***,randomized controlled trials showed that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors further reduce the progression of ***,these agents are recommended in all patients with DN regardless of DN stage and HbA1c ***,additional blockade of the RAS with finerenone,a selective non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist,was also shown to prevent both the decline of renal function and cardiovascular events in this ***,promising preliminary findings suggest that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists might also exert reno-and cardioprotective effects in patients with ***,this knowledge will improve the outcomes of this high-risk group of patients.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Diabetic nephropathy Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors Finerenone Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists Finerenone

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Design of a Prototype EHD Air Pump for Electronic Chip Cooling Applications

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Plasma Science and Technology 2014年第5期16卷 491-501页

作者： Emmanouil D.FYLLADITAKIS Antonios X.MORONIS konstantinos KIOUSIS Technological Educational Institute(TEI) of Athens Department of Energy Technology

This paper presents the design,optimization and fabrication of an EHD air pump intended for high-power electronic chip cooling *** high-voltage electrode configurations were selected and studied,in terms of the characteristics of the generated electric field,which play an important role in ionic wind *** this purpose,dedicated software is used to implement finite element *** design parameters,such as the electric field intensity,wind velocity,current flow and power consumption are *** different laboratory prototypes are fabricated and their performances experimentally *** procedure leads to the fabrication of a final prototype,which is then tested as a replacement of a typical fan for cooling a high power density electronic *** assist towards that end,an experimental thermal testing setup is designed and constructed to simulate the size of a personal computer’s CPU core of variable *** parametric study leads to the fabrication of experimental single-stage EHD pumps,the optimal design of which is capable of delivering an air flow of 51 CFM with an operating voltage of 10.5 ***,the theoretical and experimental results are evaluated and potential applications are proposed.

关键词： electrohydrodynamics(EHD) ionic wind EHD pump cooling apparatus finite element method computer CPU cooling electronic chip cooling

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Role of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in the management of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第5期11卷 150-154页

作者： Stelina Alkagiet konstantinos Tziomalos Department of Cardiology Georgios Papanikolaou HospitalThessaloniki 57010Greece First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolAristotle University of ThessalonikiAHEPA HospitalThessaloniki 54636Greece

Heart failure(HF)is a major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Patients with DM have considerably higher risk for HF than non-diabetic subjects and HF is also more severe in the *** the rising prevalence of DM,the management of HF in diabetic patients has become the focus of increased *** this context,the findings of several randomized,placebo-controlled trials that evaluated the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on the risk of hospitalization for HF in patients with type 2 DM represent a paradigm shift in the management of *** agents consistently reduced the risk of hospitalization for HF both in patients with and in those without *** benefits appear to be partly independent from glucose-lowering and have also been reported in patients without ***,there are more limited data regarding the benefit of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in patients with HF and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction,which is the commonest type of HF in diabetic patients.

关键词： Heart failure Type 2 diabetes mellitus Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors Canagliflozin Dapagliflozin Empagliflozin

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Primary and secondary organic aerosol in an urban/industrial site: Sources, health implications and the role of plastic enriched waste burning

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 222-238页

作者： Panagiotis Georgios Kanellopoulos Eleni Verouti Eirini Chrysochou konstantinos Koukoulakis Evangelos Bakeas National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Laboratory of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZografouGR-15784Greece

PM_(1)0 samples were collected from an urban/industrial site nearby Athens,where uncontrolled burning activities ***,monocarboxylic,dicarboxylic,hydroxycarboxylic and aromatic acids,tracers from BVOC oxidation,biomass burning tracers and bisphenol A were ***,monocarboxylic acids,biomass burning tracers and bisphenol A were increased during autumn/winter,while BSOA tracers,dicarboxylic-and hydroxycarboxylic acids during *** aromatic acids,different sources and formation mechanisms were indicated as benzoic,phthalic and trimellitic acids were peaked during summer whereas p-toluic,isophthalic and terephthalic were more abundant during autumn/*** Benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent carcinogenic power,carcinogenic and mutagenic activities were calculated showing significant(p<0.05)increases during the colder ***,succinic and malic acids were the most abundant monocarboxylic,dicarboxylic and hydrocarboxylic acids during the entire sampling *** oxidation was the most significant contributor to BSOA as the isoprene-SOA compounds were two times more abundant than the pinene-SOA(13.4±12.3 and 6.1±2.9 ng/m^3,respectively).Ozone has significant impact on the formation of many studied compounds showing significant correlations with:isoprene-SOA(r=0.77),hydrocarboxylic acids(r=0.69),pinene-SOA(r=0.63),dicarboxylic acids(r=0.58),and the sum of phthalic,benzoic and trimellitic acids(r=0.44).PCA demonstrated five factors that could explain sources including plastic enriched waste burning(30.8%),oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids(23.0%),vehicle missions and cooking(9.2%),biomass burning(7.7%)and oxidation of VOCs(5.8%).The results highlight the significant contribution of plastic waste uncontrolled burning to the overall air quality degradation.

关键词： Primary organic aerosol(POA) Secondary organic aerosol(SOA) Plastic waste burning emissions GC/MS Source apportionment PCA

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Is there a role for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the management of diabetic nephropathy?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第9期11卷 370-373页

作者： Stavroula Veneti konstantinos Tziomalos Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolAristotle University of ThessalonikiAHEPA HospitalThessaloniki 54636Greece

Chronic kidney disease constitutes a major microvascular complication of diabetes *** data suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RAs)might have a role in the management of diabetic kidney disease(DKD).GLP-1 RAs appear to reduce the incidence of persistent macro-albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes *** beneficial effect appears to be mediated not only by the glucose-lowering action of these agents but also on their blood pressure lowering,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant *** the other hand,GLP-1 RAs do not appear to affect the rate of decline of glomerular filtration ***,this might be due to the relatively short duration of the trials that evaluated their effects on ***,these trials were not designed nor powered to assess renal *** than macrolbuminuria is a strong risk factor for the progression of DKD,it might be expected that GLP-1 RAs will prevent the deterioration in renal function in the long ***,this remains to be shown in appropriately designed randomized controlled trials in patients with DKD.

关键词： Diabetic nephropathy Type 2 diabetes mellitus Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Liraglutide Dulaglutide Semaglutide

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Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Is there a benefit?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第39期27卷 6522-6526页

作者： Georgios Neokosmidis Evangelos Cholongitas konstantinos Tziomalos First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolAristotle University of ThessalonikiAHEPA HospitalThessaloniki 54636Greece First Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensLaiko General HospitalAthens 11527Greece

De novo lipogenesis(DNL)plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and also appears to be implicated in hepatic inflammation and ***,the inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase,which catalyzes the ratelimiting step of DNL,might represent a useful approach in the management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Animal studies and preliminary data in patients with NAFLD consistently showed an improvement in steatosis with the use of these ***,effects on fibrosis were variable and an increase in plasma triglyceride levels was ***,more longterm studies are needed to clarify the role of these agents in NAFLD and to determine their risk/benefit profile.

关键词： Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fibrosis Steatosis Firsocostat

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Impact of frailty on approach to colonic resection: Laparoscopy vs open surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第43期22卷 9544-9553页

作者： Catalina Mosquera konstantinos Spaniolas Timothy L Fitzgerald Department of General Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine Division of Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine

AIM To understand the influence of frailty on postoperative outcomes for laparoscopic and open colectomy. METHODS Data were obtained from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(2005-2012) for patients undergoing colon resection [open colectomy(OC) and laparoscopic colectomy(LC)]. Patients were classified as non-frail(0 points), low frailty(1 point), moderate frailty(2 points), and severe frailty(≥ 3) using the Modified Frailty Index. 30-d mortality and complications were used as the primary end point and analyzed for the overall population. Complications were grouped into major and minor. Subset analysis was performed for patients undergoing colectomy(total colectomy, partial colectomy and sigmoid colectomy) and separately for patients undergoing rectal surgery(abdominoperineal resection, low anterior resection, and proctocolectomy). We analyzed the data using SAS Platform JMP Pro version 10.0.0(SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, United States). RESULTS A total of 94811 patients were identified; the majority underwent OC(58.7%), were white(76.9%), andnon-frail(44.8%). The median age was 61.3 years. Prolonged length of stay(LOS) occurred in 4.7%, and 30-d mortality was 2.28%. Patients undergoing OC were older(61.89 ± 15.31 vs 60.55 ± 14.93) and had a higher ASA score(48.3% ASA3 vs 57.7% ASA2 in the LC group)(P < 0.0001). Most patients were non-frail(42.5% OC vs 48% LC, P < 0.0001). Complications, prolonged LOS, and mortality were significantly more common in patients undergoing OC(P < 0.0001). OC had a higher risk of death and complications compared to LC for all frailty scores(non-frail: OR = 4.7, and OR = 4.67; mildly frail: OR = 2.51, and OR = 2.47; moderately frail: OR = 2.94, and OR = 2.02, severely frail: OR = 2.37, and OR = 2.34, P < 0.05) and an increase in absolute mortality with increasing frailty(non-frail 0.68% OC, mildly frail 1.39%, moderately frail 3.44%, and severely frail 5.83%, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION LC is associated with improved outcomes. A

关键词： Frailty Outcome Mortality Morbidity Colectomy

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Emerging role of obeticholic acid in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第41期22卷 9039-9043页

作者： Evangelia Makri Evangelos Cholongitas konstantinos Tziomalos First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Medical School Aristotle University of Thessaloniki AHEPA Hospital Fourth Department of Internal Medicine Medical School Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Hippokration Hospital

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the commonest chronic liver disease and its prevalence is increasing driven by the pandemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. NAFLD can progress to cirrhosis and is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease and hepatocellular cancer. Diet and exercise are limited by suboptimal long-term adherence in patients with NAFLD. On the other hand, current pharmacological treatment of NAFLD has limited efficacy and unfavorable safety profile. In this context, obeticholic acid(OCA), a selective agonist of the farnesoid X receptors, might represent a useful option in these patients. Preclinical studies suggest that OCA improves hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. A proof-of-concept study and the randomized, placebo-controlled Farnesoid X Receptor Ligand Obeticholic Acid in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Treatment(FLINT) trial also showed improvements in liver histology in patients with NAFLD who received OCA. Weight loss and reduction in blood pressure were also observed. However, the effects of OCA on insulin resistance are conflicting and the lipid profile is adversely affected by this agent. In addition, pruritus is frequently observed during treatment with OCA and might lead to treatment discontinuation. However, given the limitations of existing treatments for NAFLD, OCA might represent a useful therapeutic option in selected patients with NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obeticholic acid Farnesoid X receptors Insulin resistance Fibrosis Dyslipidemia Steatosis Hepatocellular cancer

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