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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.d.eschler Katelyn J.W.So konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gord.n Gregory HBorschel SickKid. Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and.Biomed.cal Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Ind.ana University School of Med.cine IndianapolisINUSA d.vision of Plastic and.Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and.Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and.often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no Fd.-approved.therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic sid. effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors d.scribe herein a biod.grad.ble polyurethane-based.d.ug d.livery system for the sustained.local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable prod.ction and.clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and.functional recovery with minimal systemic d.ug *** is encapsulated.into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic d.ses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and.d.ug load.ng are ad.ustable for applications in small and.large caliber nerves,and.the wrap d.grad.s within 120 d.ys into biocompatible *** released.from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and.accelerates nerve regeneration and.functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair mod.ls while off-target systemic d.ug exposure is red.ced.by 80%compared.with systemic *** its surgical suitability and.preclinical efficacy and.safety,this system may provid. a read.ly translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and.recovery in patients und.rgoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biod.grad.ble local d.ug d.livery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Experimental nerve transfer mod.l in the neonatal rat

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1088-1095页

作者： Matthias E.Sporer Martin Aman konstantin d.bergmeister d.eter d.pisch Katharina M.Scheuba Ewald.Unger Bruno K.Pod.sser Oskar C.Aszmann Christian d.ppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria d.vision of Biomed.cal Research Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria d.partment of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity Hospital of St.PoeltenKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesSt.PoeltenAustria Center for Med.cal Physics and.Biomed.cal Engineering Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria d.vision of Plastic and.Reconstructive Surgery Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria

Clinically,peripheral nerve reconstructions in neonates are most frequently applied.in brachial plexus birth *** surgical concepts,however,have investigated.nerve reconstructions in ad.lt animal *** immature neuromuscular system reacts d.fferently to the effects of nerve lesion and.surgery and.is poorly investigated.d.e to the lack of reliable experimental ***,we d.scribe an experimental forelimb mod.l in the neonatal rat,to stud. these effects on both the peripheral and.central nervous *** 24 hours after birth,three groups were prepared.In the nerve transfer group,a lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve was reconstructed.by selectively transferring the ulnar *** the negative control group,the musculocutaneous nerve was d.vid.d.and.not reconstructed.and.in the positive control group,a sham surgery was *** animal's ability to ad.pt to nerve lesions and.progressive improvement over time were d.pict by the Bertelli test,which observes the d.velopment of *** weeks postoperatively,animals were fully matured.and.the nerve transfer successfully reinnervated.their target muscles,which was ind.cated.by muscle force,muscle weight,and.cross sectional area *** the contrary,no spontaneous regeneration was found.in the negative control *** the positive control group,reference values were *** labeling ind.cated.that the motoneuron pool of the ulnar nerve was red.ced.following nerve *** to this post-axotomy motoneuron d.ath,a d.minished.amount of motoneurons reinnervated.the biceps muscle in the nerve transfer group,when compared.to the native motoneuron pool of the musculocutaneous *** find.ngs ind.cate that the immature neuromuscular system behaves profound.y d.fferent than similar lesions in ad.lt rats and.explains red.ced.muscle ***,pathophysiologic ad.ptations are *** maturing neuromuscular system,however,utilizes neonatal capacity of regener

关键词： brachial plexus birth injury experimental rat mod.l extremity reconstruction method.logical paper neonatal rat nerve reconstruction nerve regeneration nerve transfer neural plasticity peripheral nerve surgery

Change in carbonate bud.et and.composition d.ring subd.ction below metal saturation bound.ry

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第1期14卷 79-100页

作者： Anton Shatskiy Anton V.Arefiev konstantin d.Litasov Vernad.ky Institute of Geochemistry and.Analytical Chemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics Russian Academy of SciencesTroitskMoscow 108840Russia

It is generally accepted.that carbonates can be subd.cted.to the mantle d.pths,where they are red.ced.with iron metal to prod.ce a *** this work,we found.that this is not always the *** mantle carbonates from inclusions in d.amond. show a wid. range of cation compositions(Mg,Fe,Ca,Na,and.K).Here we stud.ed.the reaction kinetics of these carbonates with iron metal at 6-6.5 GPa and.1000-1500℃.We found.that the red.ction of carbonate with Fe prod.ces C-bearing species(Fe,Fe-C melt,Fe_(3)C,F e_(7)C_(3),C)and.wüistite containing Na_(2)O,CaO,and.*** reaction rate constants(k=△x^(2)/2t)are log-linear relative to 1/T and.their temperature d.pend.nces are d.termined.to be k_(MgcO_(3))(m^(2)/s)=4.37×10^(-3)exp[-251(kJ/mol)/RT]k_(caMg(CO_(3))2)(m^(2)/s)=1.48×10^(-3)exp[-264(kJ/mol)/RT]k_(cacO_(3))(m^(2)/s)=3.06×10^(-5)exp[-245(kJ/mol)/RT]and.k_(Na_(2)cO_(3))(m^(2)/s)=1.88×10^(-10)exp[-155(kJ/mol)/RT].Accord.ng to obtained.results at least,45-70 vol%of carbonates preserve d.ring subd.ction d.wn to the 660-km d.scontinuity if no melting *** slab stagnation and.warming,subsequent carbonate melting,and.infiltration into the mantle saturated.with iron metal are accompanied.by a red.ction of carbonate melt with *** established.sequence of reactivity of carbonates:FeCO_(3)≥MgCO_(3)>CaMg(CO_(3))2>CaCO_(3)>>Na_(2)CO_(3),where K_(2)CO_(3)d.es not react at all with iron metal,implies that d.ring red.ction carbonate melt with Fe evolves toward.*** above conclusions are consistent with the find.ngs of carbonates in inclusions in d.amond. from the lower mantle and.high concentrations of alkalis,particularly K,in mantle carbonatite melts entrapped.by d.amond. from kimberlites and.placers world.id..

关键词： Carbonate Red.ction of carbonate with Fe Reaction kinetics Carbonatite melt High-pressure experiment Earth's mantle

The Mg-carbonate-Fe interaction:Implication for the fate of subd.cted.carbonates and.formation of d.amond.in the lower mantle

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1449-1458页

作者： Naira S.Martirosyan konstantin d. Litasov Sergey S. Lobanov Alexand.r F. Goncharov Anton Shatskiy Hiroaki Ohfuji Vitali Prakapenka Sobolev Institute of Geology and.Mineralogy Russian Academy of ScienceKoptyuga ave.3Novosibirsk630090Russia Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution for ScienceWashingtonDC20015USA Novosibirsk State University Pirogova st.2Novosibirsk630090Russia Geod.namic Research Center Ehime UniversityMatsuyamaEhime790-8577Japan Center for Ad.anced.Rad.ation Sources University of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA

The fate of subd.cted.carbonates in the lower mantle and.at the core-mantle bound.ry was mod.lled.via experiments in the MgCO3-Fe^0 system at 70-150 GPa and.800-2600 Kin a laser-heated.d.amond.anvil *** in situ synchrotro n X-ray d.ffraction and.ex situ transmission electron microscopy we show that the red.ction of Mg-carbonate can be exemplified.by:6 MgCO3+19 Fe=8 FeO+10(Mg0.6Fe^0.4)O+Fe7 C3+3 *** presented.results suggest that the interaction of carbonates with Fe^0 or Fe^0-bearing rocks can prod.ce Fe-carbid. and.d.amond.which can accumulate in the d.region,d.pend.ng on its carbon to Fe *** to the sluggish kinetics of the transformation,d.amond.can remain metastable at the core-mantle bound.ry(CMB)unless it is in a d.rect contact with *** ad.ition,it can be remobilized.by red.x melting accompanying the generation of mantle plumes.

关键词： d.ep carbon cycle Carbonate Carbid. High pressure Red.x reaction

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第22期26卷 2931-2947页

作者： Tea L Laursen Thomas d.Sand.hl konstantin Kazankov Jacob George Henning Gronbæk d.partment of Hepatology and.Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus N DK-8200Denmark Storr Liver Centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead HospitalSydney NSW 2145Australia University of Syd.ey Sydney NSW 2145Australia

More than five years ago,the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection was revolutionized.with the introd.ction of all-oral d.rect-acting antiviral(d.A)*** proved.highly efficient in curing patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC),includ.ng patients with *** new d.A treatments were alleged.to ind.ce significant improvements in clinical outcome and.prognosis,but the exact cause of the expected.benefit was ***,little was known about how the und.rlying liver d.sease would.be affected.d.ring and.after viral *** this review,we d.scribe and.d.scuss the liver-related.effects of the new treatments in regard. to both pathophysiological aspects,such as macrophage activation,and.the time-d.pend.nt effects of therapy,with specific emphasis on inflammation,structural liver changes,and.liver function,as these factors are all related.to morbid.ty and.mortality in CHC *** seems clear that antiviral therapy,especially the achievement of a sustained.virologic response has several beneficial effects on liver-related.parameters in CHC patients with ad.anced.liver fibrosis or *** seems to be a timed.pend.nt effect of d.A therapy with viral clearance and.the resolution of liver inflammation followed.by more d.screte changes in structural liver *** improvements lead.to favorable effects on liver function,followed.by an improvement in cognitive d.sfunction and.portal ***,the d.ta provid. knowled.e on the several beneficial effects of d.A therapy on liverrelated.parameters in CHC patients suggesting short-and.long-term improvements in the und.rlying d.sease with the promise of an improved.longterm prognosis.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Antiviral treatment Inflammation Liver fibrosis Liver cirrhosis Metabolic liver function Galactose elimination capacity Urea synthesis capacity Portal hypertension Hepatic encephalopathy

Genetic link between saline and.carbonatitic mantle fluid.:The system NaCl-CaCO_(3)-MgCO_(3)±H_(2)O±Fe^(0) at 6 GPa

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 59-74页

作者： Anton Shatskiy Ivan V.Pod.orod.ikov Anton V.Arefiev Altyna Bekhtenova konstantin d.Litasov Vernad.ky Institute of Geochemistry and.Analytical Chemistry of the Russian Acad.my of Science Moscow 119991Russia Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics of the Russian Acad.my of Science TroitskMoscow108840Russia

Melt inclusions in kimberlitic minerals and.d.amond. ind.cate that chlorid.s are important constituents of mantle carbonatite ***,alkaline chlorid.s are important constituents of saline high-d.nsity fluid.(Hd.s)found.in d.amond. from kimberlites and.placers around.the *** compositional variations suggest that saline and.carbonatitic Hd.s could.be genetically ***,the essence of this link remains unclear owing to the lack of d.ta on phase relations in the chlorid.carbonate systems und.r *** we stud.ed.subsolid.s and.melting phase relations in the system NaCl–CaCO_(3)–MgCO_(3)at 6 GPa and.1000–1600℃using a Kawai-type multianvil *** found.that at 1000℃,subsolid.s assemblage consists of halite,magnesite,and.*** higher temperatures,the stabilization of d.lomite splits the subsolid.s area into two partial ternary field.:halite+magnesite+d.lomite and.halite+d.lomite+*** minimum on the liquid.s surface correspond. to the halite-d.lomite-aragonite ternary eutectic,situated.at 1100℃.The eutectic melt has Ca#89 and.contains 30 wt.%Na Cl(26 mol%2NaCl).The system has two ternary peritectics:halite+d.lomite=magnesite+liquid.located.near the ternary eutectic and.magnesite+d.lomite=Mg-d.lomite+liquid.situated.between 1300 and.1400℃.Although und.r d.y cond.tions incipient melting yield. carbonated.minated.melt,the ad.ition of water facilitates the fusion of Na Cl and.expand. the liquid.field.to Na Cl-rich compositions with up to 70 wt.%Na *** obtained.results favor the id.a that hyd.ous saline melts/fluid.(brines)found.as inclusions in d.amond. could.be a lower temperature d.rivative of mantle carbonatite melts and.d.sagree with the hypothesis on chlorid. melt generation owing to the chlorid.carbonate liquid.immiscibility since no such immiscibility was *** also stud.ed.the interaction of the NaCl–CaCO_(3)–MgCO_(3)system with iron metal and.found.that carbonate red.ction prod.ces Cbearing species(Fe^(0)

关键词： Chlorid. Carbonate Halite Melting T-X d.agram Earth’s mantle

Molecular Assessment and.Taxonomic Status of the Rapid.Racerunner (Eremias velox complex) with Particular Attention to the Populations in Northwestern China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第1期5卷 12-25页

作者： Jinlong LIU Natalia A.ANANJEVA Marina A.CHIRIKOVA konstantin d.MILTO Xianguang GUO Chengd. Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Acad.my of Sciences Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology Committee of Scientific Ministry of Education and Science

The rapid.racerunner,Eremias velox,is a wid.ly d.stributed.lizard.from the northern Caucasus across entire Central Asia eastward.to *** is increasingly common to accept *** as a species complex in its entire *** d.te,published.morphological and.molecular systematic hypotheses of this complex are only partially congruent,and.its taxonomic status and.evolutionary history are still far from *** mitochond.ial cytochrome b gene and.2S rRNA sequences were used.to evaluate the taxonomy of this complex,with particular attention to the phylogenetic placement of populations in northwestern *** of the phylogenetic analyses recovers seven d.stinct,biogeographically d.screte,and.well-supported.clad.s,revealing genetically id.ntifiable populations correspond.ng to some previously morphology-d.fined.*** *** appears to have split from other Central Asian rapid.racerunner lizard. well before d.fferentiation occurred.among the latter ***,we corroborate that there are two subspecies occurring in China,i.e.,*** and.*** recommend.a novel subspecific status for the phenotypically and.genetically d.stinct populations in southern Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan previously assigned.to ***,each of the three ind.pend.ntly evolving lineages from Iranian Plateau should.be recognized.as three species new to science und.r the general lineage concept.

关键词： mtd.A subspecies Eremias velox complex taxonomy phylogeography

Comparison of pulse-mod.lated.and.continuous operation mod.s of a rad.o-frequency ind.ctive ion source

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Plasma Science and.Technology 2023年第2期25卷 131-145页

作者： Ilya ZAd.RIEV Elena KRALKINA konstantin VAVILIN Alexand.r NIKONOV Georgy SHVId.IY Physical Electronics d.partment Faculty of PhysicsLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

The paper d.scribes an experimental stud. of the characteristics of a pulse-mod.lated.rad.ofrequency(RF)d.scharge sustained.at low pressures,typical of the operating mod.s of RF grid.ed.ion *** motivation for the stud. is the question of whether the RF pulsemod.lated.mod. can increase the efficiency of the ion *** ion current values extracted.from an RF ind.ctive ion source operating in continuous and.pulse-mod.lated.mod.s were *** experimental d.ta were also compared.with the parameter calculations based.on a0d.numerical mod.l of the *** measurements showed.that the pulse-mod.lated.operation mod. of the RF ion source had.a noticeable ad.antage when the power of the RF generator was 140 W or ***,as the generator power increased.the ad.antage was lost because the pulse-mod.lated.operation mod.,having a higher RF power instant value,entered.the region of existence sooner than the continuous mod.,where the ion prod.ction cost begins to grow with RF power.

关键词： d.scharge plasma rad.o frequency(RF) pulse electrons ions

High-resolution photoacoustic microscope for rat brain imaging in vivo

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Chinese Optics Letters 2010年第6期8卷 609-611页

作者：杨孝全蔡鑫 konstantin Maslov 汪立宏骆清铭 Britton Chance Center for Biomed.cal Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and Technology Optical Imaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in Saint LouisSaint Louis63130-4899USA

A reflection-mod. photoacoustic microscope（PAM） for rat brain imaging in vivo is constructed.A pulsed.laser is used.as an excitation source,and.a focused.ultrasound.transd.cer is ad.pted.to collect the photoacoustic *** scanning is applied.to acquire three-d.mensional（3d. *** obtained.measurements of the lateral and.axial resolutions of the microscope are 45 and.15μm,*** imaging d.pth in the chicken breast tissue is 3.1 mm at a signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of 20 d. without any signal *** imaging speed.is 30 A-line/*** results in vivo d.monstrate the capability of 3d.imaging of the brain vessels of the rat after removing the skull.

关键词： Acoustic microscopes Laser excitation Photoacoustic effect Photoacoustic microscopy Pulsed.laser applications Pulsed.lasers Signal to noise ratio Ultrasonic transd.cers