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High performance corrosion and wear resistant composite titanium nitride layers produced on the AZ91D magnesium alloy by a hybrid method

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2014年第3期2卷 265-273页

作者： michał Tacikowski marek Betiuk konrad Cymerman marcin Pisarek Irena Pokorska Tadeusz Wierzchon Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Materials Science and Engineeringul.Wołoska 14102-507 WarsawPoland Institute of Precision mechanics ul.Duchnicka 301-796 WarsawPoland Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Science ul.Kasprzaka44/5201-224 WarsawPoland

Composite,diffusive titanium nitride layers formed on a titanium and aluminum sub-layer were produced on the AZ91D magnesium *** layers were obtained using a hybrid method which combined the PVD processes with the final sealing by a hydrothermal *** microstructure,resistance to corrosion,mechanical damage,and frictional wear of the layers were *** properties of the AZ91D alloy covered with these layers were compared with those of the untreated alloy and of some engineering materials such as 316L stainless steel,100Cr6 bearing steel,and the AZ91D alloy subjected to commercial *** has been found that the composite diffusive nitride layer produced on the AZ91D alloy and then sealed by the hydrothermal treatment ensures the corrosion resistance comparable with that of 316L stainless *** layers are characterized by higher electrochemical durability which is due to the surface being overbuilt with the titanium oxides formed,as shown by the XPS examinations,from titanium nitride during the hydrothermal *** composite titanium nitride layers exhibit high resistance to mechanical damage and wear,including frictional wear which is comparable with that of 100Cr6 bearing *** performance properties of the AZ91D magnesium alloy covered with the composite titanium nitride coating are substantially superior to those of the alloy subjected to commercial anodizing which is the dominant technique employed in industrial practice.

关键词： magnesium alloys Titanium nitride Layers Hybrid method microstructure Properties

Influence of physical data and cooling conditions on the solidification of magnesium die castings

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China Foundry 2004年第S1期1卷 14-19页

作者： konrad Weiβ Christoph Honsel RWP Foundry Simulation and Consulting Co.Ltd. Am Münsterwald 1152159 RoetgenGermany

As the simulation quality increases, the determination of hot spots is not enough to foundry engineers anymore. The simulation results have to fit in a quality way into the real foundry world. more and more results of the simulation will be used to optimise the casting process. Here it is necessary to have a very precise knowledge of the physical data. as well as the description of the geometry. To make use of the simulation in especially the magnesium-casting development it is necessary to work with precise geometrical, physical and numerical models. In this paper we describe the development of physical data concerning the heat transfer during filling and solidification by different casting methods. The low pressure as well as the gravity die casting method are used to get real data to find out the right conditions in the simulation in order to simulate the real behaviour during production. Practical tests are done under different test conditions to develop the right physical data as well as the right conditions in the metal-mould interface. The different surface conditions and the influence of the die and the molten metal temperatures are important for the layout of the die casting process. Three different shapes were applied to different mould materials and casting methods. The cooling conditions are tested on specific items. The cooling shape is not restricted by the drilling conditions. The effect of different cooling conditions are generated and measured. The results form the basis for the heat transfer conditions. These results are applied to real castings, cellular phone housings by low-pressure die casting process. The use of the new conditions leads to a good process description.

关键词： casting simulation virtual product development magnesium alloy finite element analysis WinCast■

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空间均匀低温氢气燃烧器开发（英文）

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2018年第10期19卷 735-745页

作者： Hendrik DUBBE Elena HOLL Adriaan SPIERINGS konrad WEGENER Ulrich NIEKEN Institute of Chemical Process Engineering(ICVT) University of StuttgartStuttgart 70199Germany Inspire AG 9014 St.GallenSwitzerland Institut fur Werkzeugmaschinen und Fertigung(IWF) ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland

目的:设计制造低温的催化氢气燃烧器,并对其进行相关功能性测试。创新点:成功设计并制造出一个集成流量分配器的催化低温氢气燃烧器。方法:1.基于树状分叉方法,设计燃烧器的流量分配器,均匀分配气体到催化表面,并利用熔融沉积成型技术... 详细信息

目的:设计制造低温的催化氢气燃烧器,并对其进行相关功能性测试。创新点:成功设计并制造出一个集成流量分配器的催化低温氢气燃烧器。方法:1.基于树状分叉方法,设计燃烧器的流量分配器,均匀分配气体到催化表面,并利用熔融沉积成型技术制备原型样机。2.基于测试结果,利用选择性激光熔化技术对燃烧器进行最优化设计。3.对设计的催化燃烧器的相关功能进行验证。结论:1.设计的低温催化燃烧器与传统的非催化燃烧器相比具有很多优势,尤其是实现了无焰均匀低温(约200°C)的产热;这一技术有望运用于化工领域的增材制造。2.本文不但用选择性激光熔融技术制备了最终产品,而且利用了熔融沉积成型技术进行快速的样机制备。3.催化剂多孔载体的调控和催化剂的负载方式研究有望进一步提升燃烧器的综合性能。

关键词：选择性激光熔化催化燃烧器实验室规模流量分布器氢气燃烧

CXCR5^(+)PD-1^(++)CD4^(+)T cells colonize infant intestines early in life and promote B cell maturation

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2023年第2期20卷 201-213页

作者： Ana Jordan-Paiz Glòria martrus Fenja L.Steinert max Kaufmann Adrian F.Sagebiel Renée R.C.E.Schreurs Anne Rechtien martin E.Baumdick Johannes m.Jung Kimberly J.möller Lucy Wegner Cordula Grüttner Laura Richert Roland Thünauer Jennifer Schroeder-Schwarz Johannes Bvan Goudoever Teunis B.H.Geijtenbeek marcus Altfeld Steven T.Pals Daniel Perez Paul L.Klarenbeek Christian Tomuschat Guido Sauter Ingo Königs Udo Schumacher manuel A.Friese Nathaniel melling konrad Reinshagen madeleine J.Bunders Department of Virus Immunology Leibniz Institute of VirologyHamburg20251Germany University medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg20246Germany Institute of Neuroimmunology and multiple Sclerosis Center for Molecular Neurobiology HamburgUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20251Germany Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Department of Experimental Immunology Amsterdam Infection&Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Emma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands I.Department of medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems German Center for Infection Research(DZIF)Hamburg20246Germany University of Bordeaux Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleBordeaux Population Health Research Center UMR1219 and INRIA SISTM TeamBordeaux33000France Institute of Anatomy and Experimental morphology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Department of Pathology Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology and Department of Experimental Immunology Amsterdam Infection&Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1007 MBThe Netherlands Amsterdam Rheumatology&Immunology Center Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Pediatric Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Institute of Pathology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery Altona Children’s HospitalHamburg22763Germany III.Department of medicine University M

Gastrointestinal infections are a major cause for serious clinical complications in *** induction of antibody responses by B cells is critical for protective immunity against infections and requires CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells(TFH cells).We investigated the ontogeny of CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells in human *** CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells were absent in fetal intestines,CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells increased after birth and were abundant in infant intestines,resulting in significant higher numbers compared to *** findings were supported by scRNAseq analyses,showing increased frequencies of CD4+T cells with a TFH gene signature in infant intestines compared to ***-cultures of autologous infant intestinal CXCR5+PD-1+/−CD4+T cells with B cells further demonstrated that infant intestinal TFH cells were able to effectively promote class switching and antibody production by B *** together,we demonstrate that functional TFH cells are numerous in infant intestines,making them a promising target for oral pediatric vaccine strategies.

关键词： TFH cells B cells Antibodies Intestine Pediatrics

TRIPLE-A:针对冷轧机和平整机最后道次轧制条件的高尖端轧制模型

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TRIPLE-A:针对冷轧机和平整机最后道次轧制条件的高尖端轧制模型

Sound Quality of Turn Indicator Sounds-Use of amultidimensional Approach in the Automotive ProductDevelopment

第八届（2011）中国钢铁年会

作者： konrad KRImPELSTAETTER 西门子奥钢联冷轧技术技术研发部

冷联轧机（TCm）、可逆式冷轧机（RCm）、二次冷轧机组（DCR）或双机架平整机（SPm）的最后道次的典型特点都是:带钢相对和绝对厚度压下量减小,带钢厚度小,由于前面的变形步骤产生加工硬化而使材料强度增大,经常需要结合使用具有一定粗...

冷联轧机（TCm）、可逆式冷轧机（RCm）、二次冷轧机组（DCR）或双机架平整机（SPm）的最后道次的典型特点都是:带钢相对和绝对厚度压下量减小,带钢厚度小,由于前面的变形步骤产生加工硬化而使材料强度增大,经常需要结合使用具有一定粗糙度的工作辊（以调整带钢表面的拓扑结构）。这样的工艺条件可能会使工作辊出现严重压扁的现象,在极端情况下甚至会导致压下能力和最终可以达到的产品厚度（即可轧制性）受到限制。如果我们考虑可轧制性（轧制的能力）,首先就必须分清实际和理论可轧制性。如果出现这样的情况:尽管工作辊被调节得越来越彼此靠近,甚至于产生了严重的工作辊压扁现象（见图1）,但带钢厚度不再减小,就意味着达到了"理论可轧制性极限"。这种情况相当于工作辊直接相互接触的极端情况（工作辊之间没有带钢）,辊缝调节缸所施加的作用力全部转化为工作辊的弹性变形。但在实际操作中,特定产品的可轧制性极限往往在"理论可轧制性极限"之前就已经达到。这是因为,轧机的额定轧制力和功率（还有电机转矩）有一定的范围,另外还有一些技术方面的约束条件（比如确保工作辊和带钢之间不发生打滑的最大允许压下量或防止产生平直度缺陷的轧制力限制）。本文将这种限制称为"实际可轧制性极限"。

关键词：

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2015年第3期3卷 158-165页

作者： Verena Wagner konrad Wolfgang Kallus Department of Psychology Work. Organizational and Environmental Psychology University of Graz Graz 8010 Austria

Vehicle sounds are important factors of customer satisfaction and have a decisive influence on the product automobile andits quality impression. It becomes more and more important to connect customer requirements and technical specifications to developa vehicle sound with high quality. The turn indicator sound can be described as one sound, which gives the customer an importantfeedback of correct function performance and can be seen as one of the sounds, which play a role in the customer＇s perception ofvehicle quality. In a laboratory experimental study, the question was investigated, how a turn indicator sound must be designed to beperceived as pleasant and high-quality. A multidimensional approach was chosen to combine subjective customer assessments,objective psychophysiological responses of the study participants and physical parameters of the sounds. In total, 15 different tumindicator sounds were assessed by 48 subjects. The study shows how the connection of subjective and objective parameters cansupport product development. The multi-dimensional approach helps to derive recommendations for action to improve the soundquality of the product automobile. Also, the study shows a possibility to involve the human factor in a highly technical environment.

关键词： Vehicle sound quality, multi-dimensional approach, experimental study, customer requirements, technicalspecifications.

Environmentally-Responsible Defluxing

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印制电路信息 2013年第3期21卷 I0001-I0003页

作者： michael konrad Aqueous Technologies

Summary:Cleaning is on the rise and today it is possible to improve assembly reliability via cleaning-all while maintaining an environmentallyfriendly ***

关键词：摘要编辑部编辑工作读者

Acupuncture treatment in gastrointestinal diseases: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3417-3424页

作者： Antonius Schneider konrad Streitberger Stefanie Joos University Hospital Heidelberg Department of General Practice and Health Services Research Germany University Hospital Heidelberg Department of Anaesthesiology Germany

The purpose of this work was to assess the evidence for effectiveness of acupuncture (AC) treatment in gastrointestinal diseases. A systematic review of the medline-cited literature for clinical trials was performed up to may 2006. Controlled trials assessing acupuncture point stimulation for patients with gastrointestinal diseases were considered for inclusion. The search identified 18 relevant trials meeting the inclusion criteria. Two irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) trials, 1 Crohn's disease and 1 colitis ulcerosa trial had a robust random controlled trial (RCT) design. In regard to other gastrointestinal disorders, study quality was poor. In all trials, quality of life (QoL) improved significantly independently from the kind of acupuncture, real or sham. Real AC was significantly superior to sham acupuncture with regard to disease activity scores in the Crohn and Colitis trials. Effi cacy of acupuncture related to QoL in IBS may be explained by unspecific effects. This is the same for QoL in in? ammatory bowel diseases (IBD), whereas specific acupuncture effects may be found in clinical scores. Further trials for IBDs and in particular for all other gastrointestinal disorders would be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture treatment. However, it must be discussed on what terms patients benefi t when this harmless and obviously powerful therapy with regard to QoL is demystifi ed by further placebo controlled trials.

关键词：针灸治疗中医胃肠疾病安慰剂

Tenuigenin inhibits beta-secretase and decreases amyloid-beta protein in vitro

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Tenuigenin inhibits beta-secretase and decreases amyloid-bet...