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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2025年第1期17卷 35-46页

作者： Hervé Achié n’cho Ruth Baï Euclide Kouadio n’Goran Kouadio Koffı Lazare Kouakou Kouassı Innocent kouassi Kouamé Laboratoire de Gosciences et Environnement UFR Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement Universit Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratoire de Sciences du Sol de lEau et des Gomatriaux UFR Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minires Universit Flix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratoire de Gnie de lEau et de lEnvironnement UFR Environnement Universit Jean Lorougnon Gud de Daloa Daloa Cte dIvoire

nitrate contamination of groundwater is a worldwide problem, particularly in agricultural countries. Exposure to high levels of nitrates in groundwater can have adverse effects on the health of residents who use groundwater for drinking. This study aims to assess the health risk associated with the ingestion of nitrates in well water in the town of M’bahiakro. Health risk maps were created on the basis of hazard quotients (HQ) using the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) health risk assessment model. The results indicate that residents of the Koko, Dougouba and Baoulekro neighbourhoods, whatever their age, are potentially exposed to the toxic effects of nO3−during their daily intake of nitrate-contaminated well water, with reference to hazard quotients (HQ) greater than 1. nitrate concentrations in the groundwater should therefore be controlled in order to prevent their harmful effects on the health of the population and guarantee its use in rice-growing activities in M’Bahiakro.

关键词： nitrate Well Health Risks M’Bahiakro

Effectiveness of CORDEX-AFRICA Multi-Model Ensemble in Replicating Temperature and Associated Extremes over Côte d’Ivoire

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 147-174页

作者： Assi Louis Martial Yapo Benjamin K. kouassi Adjoua Moise Landry Famien Pêlèmayo Raoul Touré Fidèle Yoroba Dro Touré Tiemoko Kouakou Kouadio Mamadou Diarrassouba Dianikoura Ibrahim koné Adama Diawara Training and Research Unit of Sciences and Technologies University Alassane Ouattara Bouak Cte dIvoire Geophysical Station of Lamto NDouci Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Sciences Matter Environment and Solar Energy (LASMES) University Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Cte Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Physics University Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Developing reliable adaptation and mitigation strategies to combat climate change is necessary at regional and local scales. The present study analyses the ability of the multi-model ensemble (MME) composed of fourteen (14) CORDEX-Africa simulations to capture characteristics of the mean temperature for the present day (1979-2005) and associated extremes over Côte d’Ivoire. For this end, the analysis uses the mean variables of the temperature (i.e., minimum temperature (TMIn), mean temperature (TMEAn) and maximum temperature (TMAX)) as well as associated extremes such as intra-period extreme temperature range (ETR), warm spell duration index (HWFI) and warm days index (TX90P) during January-February-March (JFM), April-May-June (AMJ), July-August-September (JAS) and October-november-December (OnD) seasons. The results indicate that mean temperature variables (TMIn, TMEAn and TMAX) are underestimated by CORDEX MME in general, except TMEAn in the centre of Côte d’Ivoire. On the other hand, extreme temperature indices are overestimated over Côte d’Ivoire, except ETR in JAS with an underestimation of about 2˚C and TX90P during JAS in the southern part of the country in JFM, AMJ and OnD with an underestimation varying between 1% to 4%. In addition, CORDEX MME and observational datasets (CPC and nCEP) have a significant correlation in simulating temperature variables (TMIn, TMEAn, TMIn), while this correlation is not significant in general for extreme temperature, except ETR and HWFI. Furthermore, extreme temperatures (TX90P and HWFI) are characterized by more important interannual variability in the observations CPC and nCEP for ETR. Moreover, mean temperature variables (TMIn, TMEAn, TMAX) show slight interannual variability with respect to the observations CPC and nCEP, which are characterized by the most variability. Overall, CORDEX MME outperforms the seasonal and spatial variability of the temperature and associated extremes over Côte d’Ivoire, although some biases in

关键词： Extreme Temperature Indices Regional Climate Models Evaluation CORDEX Côte d’Ivoire

Sensory Characterizations and Optimization of Cashew Apple Jam Formulations Using Baobab Powder as a Source of Pectin

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 120-136页

作者： Marie Bianoun Louise Dégni Doudjo Soro Essan Bla Zita n’Goran-Aw Djedjro Clément Akmel nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo kouassi Benjamin Yao UMRI Agronomic Sciences and Processing/nutrition and Food Technology Flix Houphout-Boigny National Polytechnic Institute Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire

Cashew processing in Côte d’Ivoire focuses only on the cashew nut, to the detriment of the apple. Only a very small proportion of the apple is processed into juice. The aim of this work is to enhance the value of cashew apples by transforming them into jam. Specifically, the aim was first to characterize the sensory properties of cashew apple jam formulations using baobab powder as a source of pectin and then to optimise the formulations. A Box-Behken design with pH, Sugar, and Baobab as factors was used to model and characterize the jam sensory descriptors, and a multivariate analysis with SensomineR was used to characterize the jam formulations. The desirability function was used to optimise the formulations. The results show globally significant regressions at the 0.05 threshold for the sensory descriptors Gelling, Brilliance, Smell, Sweetness, and (-)Astringency, with the exception of (-)Salinity. The R2 coefficients are greater than 80%. The factors studied could have effects on the sensory descriptors of cashew jam formulations. The Baobab had the main effect on the gelling, smell, and astringency of the jams. Brilliance depended on the added sugar. A product effect (p ng, Brilliance, and Sweetness, as these allowed the panelists to find differences between the formulations. Optimum jam formulation can be achieved with 51.56% sugar and 2.12% Baobab at a pH of 3.15. Cashew apple jam using Baobab offers opportunities to add value to apples that have long been abandoned in the field. It would be important to find conditions for prolonged storage of this jam.

关键词： Cashew Apple Sensory Characterization Jam Formulation Area Design Product Effect Overall Desirability

Comparative Study of a Lithological Description by Geoelectrical and Hydrogeological Drilling in a Basement Environment: Site of the Jean Lorougnon Guédé University in Daloa (Centre-West of the Ivory Coast)

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2025年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： Assoue Kouakou Sylvestre Kouadio Assa Maxime Abbe Gountoh Aristide Douagui Oscar Zahibo Onetie kouassi Constantin Gautier Kanga UFR Sciences Biologiques Dpartement de Gosciences de lUniversit Plforo Gon Coulibaly de Korhogo Korhogo Cte dIvoire UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement Laboratoire Gosciences et Environnement de lUniversit Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan Cte dIvoire Unit de Formation et de Recherches Environnement Universit Lorougnon Gud Daloa Cte dIvoire

The comparative study of electrical and hydrogeological soundings is being carried out on the site of the Jean Lorougnon Guédé University in Daloa, in central-western Côte d’Ivoire. The aim of this study is to determine the similarities in the weathering profile obtained by the hydrogeological surveys and the electrical surveys. The methodology is based on a comparative study of the characteristics of the weathering profile (number of layers, thickness of weathering and number of water inlets). The results show that the electrical sounding curves are of the KH type, giving 4 geological layers. The first layer corresponds to topsoil with a thickness of less than 1 m. The second corresponds to a thicker lateritic clay formation (20 m on average). The third layer is granitic arena, locally up to 30 m thick. Below this is the fractured granitic basement. The results also show that most of the results from the electrical boreholes are consistent with those from the boreholes. Differences exist and are essentially due to the shape of certain electrical sounding curves and to the driller’s assessment of the interfaces between the geological formations.

关键词： Electrical Soundings Hydrogeological Soundings Boreholes Crystalline Basement Alteration Profile Daloa

In Vivo Subacute Liver Toxicity of “Attoté”: A Herbal Drink

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2025年第1期15卷 39-52页

作者： Kouakou Serge kouassi Irié Lou Bohila Emilie Kamo Aka Edwige Ayebe Gouely Fidèle Blimne Ouagnonan Ismael Soro Allico Joseph Djaman Biology and Health Laboratory Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Microbiology The Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Fundamental Clinical and Biochemistry The Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been carried out on its effects on the health of users. The aim of this study was to identify the constituents contained in the phytomedicinal product and to assess their potential adverse effects in vivo. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the bioactive molecules in “Attoté” and to evaluate its hepatic effects in vivo. Forty (40) Wistar rats, randomly divided into 4 groups, with 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used to study potential hepatotoxic effects. Group 1 animals (control group) received distilled water. Batches I, II and III received by gavage a volume of Attoté extract corresponding to 1 ml/100 g body weight at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Attoté extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days, and serum was collected every two weeks to assess hepatic biochemical markers by spectrophotometry using a Cobas C311® HITACHI biochemistry system. After one month of study, the rats were euthanized by ether overdose and the livers were harvested for morphological and histopathological analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, leucoanthocyanes, anthraquinones and quinones. Hepatic biochemical and hematological parameters such as red globular, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALPs) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed no significant change (p > 0.05) in the treated rat group compared with controls. However, these variations were moderate and transient, with values remaining almost within their standard limits. Microscopic observations of liver tissue sections from treated rats showed no liver damage or dysfunction. This study merits further investigation, with a view to gaining a bette

关键词： Herbal Drink Attoté Toxicity in Vivo Hepatic Biomarkers Abidjan

Cytotoxicity and Hepatic Effects in Vivo of the Phytomedicinal Antipalu Used by the Population of Abidjan

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2025年第1期15卷 25-38页

作者： Kouakou Serge kouassi Aka Edwige Ayebe Irié Lou Bohila Emilie Kamo Djenabou Kamagate Ouagnonan Ismael Soro Gnogbo Alexis Bahi Allico Joseph Djaman Biology and Health Laboratory Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Clinical and Fundamental Biochemistry The Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Microbiology The Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Antipalu is a phytomedicinal medicinal beverage that is popular in the District of Abidjan, particularly for the treatment of malaria. However, Antipalu could present potential health effects on patients, and few toxicological studies have been conducted before its use. In order to determine the cytotoxicity of Antipalu, two complementary tests, LDH activity and the MTT cell proliferation assay, were used using Vero cells. Vero cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of Antipalu and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. In addition, forty (40) rats distributed randomly into 4 groups, including 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used for the potential hepatoxic effects. Animals in group 1 received distilled water and were used as a control group. On the other hand, Lot I, II and III received by gavage a volume of the Antipalu extract corresponding to 1 ml/100 g of body weight at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, respectively. The extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days and serum was collected once a week to evaluate hepatic biochemical markers. After 28 days of study, all rats were euthanized by an overdose of ether and the liver of the rats was removed for gross morphological and histopathological analysis. The results of the cell supernatant assay showed an increasing extracellular LDH enzyme activity with lethal concentrations at 10% and 50% (LC10 = 111 µg/mL and LC50 = 555 µg/mL, respectively). In addition, the MTT assay showed a decrease in mitochondrial activity and thus cell proliferation after 24, 48 and 72 H of incubation. Our study showed that Antipalu caused alterations in the plasma membranes of the cells, resulting in the release of lactase dehydrogenase (LDH) into the external environment and a decrease in the mitochondrial activity of the Vero cells. The biochemical parameters ALT, ASAT, ALPs, and GGT showed no significant change (P > 0.05) in the group of treated rats compared to the controls. However, these vari

关键词： Phytomedicinal Antipalu Cytotoxicity Vero Cells Hepatic Biomarkers

Spatial patterns of a savanna palm tree Borassus aethiopum and its temporal variability

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第5期15卷 1049-1064页

作者： Amara Sidiki Traoré Kouadio Ignace kouassi Moussa koné Jacques Gignoux Sébastien Barot UFR des Sciences de la nature UniversitéNANGUI ABROGOUACentre de Recherche en EcologieStation d'Ecologie de LamtoAbidjanCote d'Ivoire Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Paris Sorbonne UniversiteUniversitéde ParisUPECCNRSINRAIRDParisFrance

The spatial distributions and associations of plant species in a stand can provide essential information about their ***,since tree spatial distribution and association depend on factors that operate at different scales,disentangling the effects of environmental heterogeneity and plant-plant interactions requires the choice of a suitable null model for spatial *** analyzed the spatial distributions of the same savanna palm tree populations that were studied,the underlying hypothesis being that these distributions have changed in 20 *** remove the effect of large-scale environmental heterogeneity,the inhomogeneous L-function under the heterogeneous Poisson null model was *** showed:(i)unlike 20 years ago,adults had a regular distribution instead of an aggregated distribution in the grass savanna;(i)although the spatial distribution of seedlings and juveniles was always aggregated,we observed a decrease in the size of the aggregates(intensities);ili)except for juveniles,no other stages were associated with nutrient-rich patches,which was also different 20 years ago;(iv)we did not observe any particular difference in structure between two study sites,only that female palm trees were spatially associated with entire-leafed seedlings in the reserve while they were spatially independent in the rural *** study supports the hypothesis that the spatial distributions have partially changed,and that the management of spatial heterogeneity has improved and given more precision in the results.

关键词： spatial heterogeneity palm trees heterogeneous Poisson(HP)null model spatial distribution spatial association Lamto reserve

Relationship between the Guinea Current and the Coastal Upwelling in northern of Gulf of Guinea

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2024年第4期14卷 63-77页

作者： Sandrine Djakouré Youssouf konaté Vamara koné Kouacou Bosson Mamadou koné kouassi Yves Kouadio Laboratory of Matter Sciences Environment and Solar Energy (LASMES) University Felix Houphouet Boigny of Cocody-Abidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire UFR of Marine Sciences University of San-Pdro San-Pdro Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Techniques (LSTE) University Jean-Lorougnon Gud Daloa Cte dIvoire

The variability of ocean circulation and sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Atlantic, especially in the Gulf of Guinea (GG), defines this region as exceptionally rich from an oceanographic perspective. The Guinea Current (GC), as the major surface current, plays a significant role in marine productivity and coastal upwelling in the GG. This coastal upwelling is known to influence the climate of the surrounding region, primary productivity and local fisheries. Studies on GC variability and its impact on this coastal upwelling have highlighted that the upwelling downstream of Cape Palmas is influenced by GC detachment, topographic variations and advective processes leading to significant vertical mixing. This study aims to analyze the interannual variability of the GC and its impact on coastal upwelling using the Coastal and Regional Ocean COmmunity model (CROCO). The model’s evaluation is conducted using observational data, specifically Geostrophic and EKman Current Observatory (GEKCO) and Ocean Surface Current Analysis (OSCAR) for currents, and Air-sea Fluxes for the global Tropic ocean-description (TROPFLUX) and Optimum Interpolation-Sea Surface Temperature (OI-SST) for temperature. Thus, the model evaluation indicates that it accurately replicates ocean circulation and SST patterns in the tropical Atlantic and the GG. The joint analysis of upwelling indices (surface and intensity) and the position of the GC core allowed us to conclude that the displacement of the GC core does indeed influence the upwelling indices in the northern part of GG. However, other oceanic and atmospheric mechanisms such as vertical diffusion and horizontal advection as proposed by previous studies may also affect the year-by-year variability of coastal upwelling in the northern GG.

关键词： Guinea Current Sea Surface Temperature Coastal Upwelling Gulf of Guinea Tropical Atlantic Ocean

Fractional Rider Deep Long Short Term Memory network for Workload Prediction-Based Distributed Resource Allocation Using Spark in Cloud Gaming

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第3期13卷 135-157页

作者： koné Kigninman Désiré kouassi Adlès Francis konan Hyacinthe kouassi Eya Dhib nabil Tabbane Olivier Asseu Ecole Supérieure Africaine des TIC LASTIC Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut national Polytechnique Felix H. Boigny (InPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire MEDIATROn Laboratory Higher School of Communication of Tunis Tunis Tunisia

The modern development in cloud technologies has turned the idea of cloud gaming into sensible behaviour. The cloud gaming provides an interactive gaming application, which remotely processed in a cloud system, and it streamed the scenes as video series to play through network. Therefore, cloud gaming is a capable approach, which quickly increases the cloud computing platform. Obtaining enhanced user experience in cloud gaming structure is not insignificant task because user anticipates less response delay and high quality videos. To achieve this, cloud providers need to be able to accurately predict irregular player workloads in order to schedule the necessary resources. In this paper, an effective technique, named as Fractional Rider Deep Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network is developed for workload prediction in cloud gaming. The workload of each resource is computed based on developed Fractional Rider Deep LSTM network. Moreover, resource allocation is performed by fractional Rider-based Harmony Search Algorithm (Rider-based HSA). This Fractional Rider-based HSA is developed by combining Fractional calculus (FC), Rider optimization algorithm (ROA) and Harmony search algorithm (HSA). Moreover, the developed Fractional Rider Deep LSTM is developed by integrating FC and Rider Deep LSTM. In addition, the multi-objective parameters, namely gaming experience loss QE, Mean Opinion Score (MOS), Fairness, energy, network parameters, and predictive load are considered for efficient resource allocation and workload prediction. Additionally, the developed workload prediction model achieved better performance using various parameters, like fairness, MOS, QE, energy and delay. Hence, the developed Fractional Rider Deep LSTM model showed enhanced results with maximum fairness, MOS, QE of 0.999, 0.921, 0.999 and less energy and delay of 0.322 and 0.456.

关键词： Cloud Computing Rider Deep LSTM Fractional Calculus Workload Prediction Resource Allocation

Effect of the seeds provenance and treatment on the germination rate and plants growth of four forest trees species of Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 161-169页

作者： Sélastique Doff ou Akaff ou Aimékouassi Kouame nestor Bi Boh Gore Georges Yao Abessika Henri Kouadio kouassi Perla Hamon Sylvie Sabatier Jerome Duminil Department for Seeds and Seedlings Production Jean Lorougnon GuédéUniversityBP 150DaloaCote d’Ivoire IRD UMR DIADEB.P.6450134394 Montpellier Cedex 5France CIRAD UMR AMAP34398 MontpellierFrance

The rapid rate of deforestation in Cote d’Ivoire has led to loss of plant species diversity and also threatens some commercial tree species with *** reforestation and aff orestation has been ***,for some species,the numbers of surviving transplants has ***,it is necessary to develop properly adapted and resilient genotypes that can eff ectively support the programs of forest *** this context we evaluated the eff ects of the provenances of seeds and of various treatments on the germination rates and on plant growth of four commercial trees species(Pycnanthus angolensis,Terminalia superba,Mansonia altissima and Pterygota macrocarpa).We analyzed these parameters for seeds of three provenances(Daloa,Akoupéand Daoukro)of four species and for thirty plants aged 6 months per *** to begin germination and time to reach maximum germination were similar among species,and were not infl uenced by either treatment or *** seeds and those soaked for 24 and 48 h in water at room temperature yielded the highest germination rates,irrespective of species or *** one exception was ***,for which no germination was *** species,some provenances produced higher germination percentages than did *** clear relationship was computed between the germination rate and the morphometric characteristics of the seeds which varied signifi cantly between *** growth and morphological variability also depended greatly on *** factors might be implicated,therefore provenance trials should be undertaken and ***,molecular analysis should be undertaken to confi rm the implications of genetic factors and allow for genetic selection.

关键词： Forest trees Seed germination Plant growth Provenance Cote d’Ivoire