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Assessing the Sustainability of Underground Space Usage——A Toolkit for Testing Possible Urban Futures

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第2期8卷 211-222页

作者： D.v.l.HUNT I.JEFFERSON C.D.F.ROGERS The University of Birmingham

A description of the future as it might be without forecasts, predictions and trend analysis can be referred to as a 'future scenario'. An abundance of scenarios literature exists in which numerous pictures have been painted of changed future worlds. However, upon closer inspection it becomes apparent that virtually all of this literature refers to changes occurring above ground, ignoring the inevitable consequences (or opportunities) for sustainable use of underground space, not least in densely populated urban areas, some of which may be underlain by complex geological conditions. This paper reports on the development (to date) of an 'Urban Futures' (UF) toolkit for sub-surface environments (including infrastructure and utilities) which, through use of 'key' questions 'sustainable' indicators and a 'contextual' narrative, allows for better definition and measured performance of underground space in the UK, both today and in the future. The toolkit explores possible uses for underground space within 4 plausible and well-cited future scenarios (i.e. New Sustainability Paradigm, Fortress World, Market Forces and Policy Reform). This forms part of a much larger generic toolkit which the UF research team are developing for exploring possible future scenarios over a range of UK urban regeneration case study areas.

关键词： urban futures toolkit underground space sustainability

Efect of varying Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction on the Bistable Nano-Scale Soliton Switching

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第12期60卷 658-662页

作者： l.Kavitha M.Saravanan v.Senthilkumar D.Gopi Department of Physics Periyar University The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Periyar University Department of Chemistry Periyar University

The effect of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya （D-M） interaction on the bistable nano-scale soliton switching offers the possiblity of developing a new innovative approach for data storage technology. The dynamics of Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin system is expressed in terms of generalized inhomogeneous higher order nonlinear Schr6dinger （NlS） equation. The bistable soliton switching in the ferromagnetic medium is established by solving the associated coupled evolution equations for amplitude and velocity of the soliton using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method numerically.

关键词： solitons magnetization reversal mechanisms perturbation theory exchange interactions

Hybrid Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Nanogenerators for Mechanical Energy Harvesting:A Review

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Nano-Micro letters 2021年第12期13卷 163-220页

作者： Joao v.vidal vladislav Slabov Andrei l.Kholkin Marco P.Soares dos Santos Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Physics and I3N University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal laboratory of Functional low-Dimensional Structures National University of Science and Technology MISISMoscowRussia Department of Mechanical Engineering Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation(TEMA)University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal

Motion-driven electromagnetictriboelectric energy generators(E-TENGs) hold a Hybrid triboelectric-electromagnetic generators C A Bgreat potential to provide higher voltages,higher currents and wider operating bandwidths than Cantilever generators1 μm both electromagnetic and triboelectric generators Rotating generatorsSliding generators standing alone. Therefore,they are promising solutions to autonomously supply a broad range of Flexible blade generators Magnetoelectric highly sophisticated devices. This paper provides generators a thorough review focused on major recent breaklinear generators Multidimensional generators throughs in the area of electromagnetic-triboelectric vibrational energy harvesting. A detailed Pendulum generators analysis was conducted on various architectures including rotational,pendulum,linear,sliding,cantilever,flexible blade,multidimensional and 1 cm magnetoelectric,and the following hybrid technologies. They enable highly e cient ways to harvest electric energy from many forms of vibrational,rotational,biomechanical,wave,wind and thermal sources,among others. Open-circuit voltages up to 75 v,short-circuit currents up to 60 mA and instantaneous power up to 144 mW were already achieved by these nanogenerators. Their transduction mechanisms,including proposed models to make intelligible the involved physical phenomena,are also overviewed here. A comprehensive analysis was performed to compare their respective construction designs,external excitations and electric outputs. The results highlight the potential of hybrid E-TENGs to convert unused mechanical motion into electric energy for both large-and small-scale ***,this paper proposes future research directions toward optimization of energy conversion e ciency,power management,durability and stability,packaging,energy storage,operation input,research of transduction mechanisms,quantitative standardization,system integration,miniaturization and multi-energy hybrid cells.

关键词： E-TENG Hybrid triboelectric-electromagnetic Nanogenerators Energy harvesting

New superhydrophobic composite coatings on Mg-Mn-Ce magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1721-1739页

作者： K.v.Nadaraia S.N.Suchkov I.M.Imshinetskiy D.v.Mashtalyar D.Yu.Kosianov E.A.Belov S.l.Sinebryukhov S.v.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690922Russia

A novel combined method for the formation of composite coatings on the Mg-Mn-Ce alloy is *** like matrix was formed on the Mg alloy surface by the plasma electrolytic *** the samples were subsequently processed by dip-coating in an alcohol suspension of superdispersed polytetrafluoroethylene and spraying with the tetrafluoroethylene telomers ***,OSP,and SPM was used to study structure of formed *** was established by measurements of CA and CAH,as well as surface free energy calculations that formed coatings demonstrate superhydrophobic properties due to the presence of an irregular hierarchical surface structure and low surface free energy of *** coating preserves its hydrophobic properties after exposure to high and low temperatures,for a long time as well as being in corrosive *** and XRD data analysis confirmed the presence of organofluorine compounds in the composite layers,including in the form of crystalline *** potentiodynamic polarization test and EIS,it was found that the resulting coatings significantly increase the corrosion resistance of Mg *** data are also confirmed by salt spray tests for 40 *** of fluoropolymers additionally decrease coatings coefficient of friction.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Superhydrophobicity Fluoropolymers Composite coatings

luminescence investigation of Dy2O2S and Dy2O2SO4 obtained by thermal decomposition of sulfate hydrate

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第8期34卷 814-819页

作者： R.v.Rodngues l.Marciniak l.U.Khan J.R.Matos H.F.Brito W.Strek Institute of Chemistry University of Sao Paulo Butanta 748 26077 Sao Paulo Brasil Institute of low Temperature and Structure Research University of Wroctaw Oko1na 250-422 Wroclaw Poland

The yellow emitting dysprosium oxysulfide （Dy2O2S） and dysprosium oxysulfate （Dy202SO4） compounds were prepared from the thermal decomposition of hydrated dysprosium sulphate. The materials were characterized by using thermogravimetry （TG/DTG）, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） and Raman spectroscopies. The thermal stability temperatures at around 1151 and 1313 K were determined for the Dy202S and Dy202SO4 materials, respectively. The photolumines- cence properties of the dysprosium oxysulfide were investigated, showing narrow emission bands assigned to the 4F9/2----＊6HJ intracon- figurational transitions of the Dy3＋ ion. The yellow emission color of this phosphor suggests that the Dy202S is a promising material for applications in lEDs.

关键词： Dy202S/Dy202SO4 sulfate thermal decomposition luminescence rare earths

Influence of flooding and vegetation on carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus dynamics in the pore water of a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 212-221页

作者： vanesa l.Negrin Carla v.Spetter Raúl O.Asteasuain Gerardo M.E.Perillo Jorge E.Marcovecchio Argentine Institute of Oceanography (IADO CONICETCCT-Bahía Blanca)Camino La Carrindanga km 75Building E-1 CC 804Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina Department of Chemistry Southern National Institute of Chemistry (INQUISUR)Southern National University (UNS)Av Alem 1253Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina Department of Geology Southern National University (UNS)San Juan 670Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina National Technological University Regional Faculty of Bahía Blanca (UTN-FRBB)11 de Abril 461Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina University of the Fraternity of Associations Santo Toms de Aquino (FASTA) Gascón 3145Mar del Plata 7600Argentina

Four sites were selected in a salt marsh in the Bahia Blanca Estuary （Argentina）：（1） low marsh （flooded by the tide twice daily） vegetated by S. alterniflora; （2） non-vegetated low marsh; （3） high marsh （flooded only in spring tides） vegetated by S. alterniflora; （4） non-vegetated high marsh. The pH and Eh were measured in sediments, while dissolved nutrients （ammonium, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate） and particulate organic matter （POM） were determined in pore water, pH （6.2-8.7） was only affected by vegetation in low areas. Eh （from -300 to 250 mv） was lower at low sites than at high ones; in the latter, the values were higher in the non-vegetated sediments. The POM concentration was greater in the high marsh than in the low marsh, with no effect of vegetation. Ammonium was the most abundant nitrogen nutrient species in pore water, except in the non-vegetated high marsh where nitrate concentration was higher. All nitrogen nutrients were affected by both flooding and vegetation. Phosphate was always present in pore water at all sites throughout the year and its concentration varied within narrow limits, with no effect of flooding and greater values always at non-vegetated sites. Our results showed that the variability of the pore water composition within the marsh is greater than the temporal variation, meaning that both tidal flooding and vegetation are important in the dynamics of nutrients and organic matter in the sediment pore water.

关键词： organic matter nutrients flooding Spartina alterniflora

Rice spouted bed for manufacturing inclusion complexes of Endopleura uchi l extracts in β-cyclodextrin

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 208-215页

作者： l.v.D. Freitas A.C.R. Montes E.I.A. Campos E.C. Conceicao l.A. Tacon A.D. lanchote l.A.P.Freitas Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloVia do Cafe s/n14040-903Ribeirao PretoSPBrazil

Uxi (Endopleura uchi) is a plant from the Brazilian Amazon. It has many biological activities that are attributed to its main active component, bergenin (BG), which has low water solubility. The aim of this work was to obtain β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes of uxi using lyophilized cooked rice as the solid substrate. The process was studied using a Box–Behnken design with the solution feed rate, molar ratio of β-CD to BG, and rice bed load as factors. These factors greatly affected the product bulk density, angle of repose, water content, and BG content, loss, and water solubility. The optimum process conditions determined using a desirability functions methodology were an extract feed rate of 1 ml/min, a ratio of β-CD to BG of 3:1, and a substrate load of 100 g. The predicted values under the optimum conditions were close to the experimental results of a water content of 5.8%± 0.2%, BG content of 985.7 ± 15.4 μg/g, BG water solubility of 2230.2 ± 21.1 μg/ml, and BG loss of 1.2%± 0.1%. These results confirm that spouted beds are an important tool for rapid, one-step preparation of pharmaceutical β-CD inclusion complexes in a solid form.

关键词： Bergenin Chromatography Yield Active loss Solubility

late Mesozoic topographic evolution of western Transbaikalia:Evidence for rapid geodynamic changes from the Mongol-Okhotsk collision to widespread rifting

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1695-1709页

作者： A.v.Arzhannikova E.I.Demonterova M.Jolivet S.G.Arzhannikov E.A.Mikheeva A.v.Ivanov v.B.Khubanov l.A.Pavlova Institute of the Earth’s Crust Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchIrkutskRussia laboratoire Geosciences Rennes CNRS-UMR6118Universite de RennesRennesFrance Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchUlan-UdeRussia A.P.vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesIrkutskRussia

The Mesozoic geodynamic evolution of Transbaikalia has been largely controlled by the scissors-like closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean that separated Siberia from Mongolia-North China *** the oceanic closure,the tectonic evolution of that region was characterized by collisional uplift and subsequent extension that gave rise to the formation of metamorphic core *** complex tectonic setting prevailed simultaneously between 150 Ma and 110 Ma both in Transbaikalia,North Mongolia,and within the North China *** paleobotanical and paleontological data show that the oldest Mesozoic basins had formed in western Transbaikalia before the estimated age of extension *** no precise geochronological age is available for the onset of extension in *** Tugnuy Basin,as probably the oldest Mesozoic basin in western Transbaikalia,is a key obj ect to date the onset of extension and following changes in tectonic *** this study,U-Pb(lA-ICP-MS)dating of detrital zircons from three key Jurassic sediment formations of the Tugnuy Basin are used to identify the potential source areas of the sediments,understand the changes in sediment routing and provide insights on the topographic evolution of western *** results show several significant changes in tectonic regime after the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.A wide uplifted plateau formed during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean,determining the Early Jurassic drainage system reaching the Angaravitim batholith to the north and shedding sediments to the continental margin to the *** following collisional event at the end of the Early Jurassic led to the uplift of the collision zone,which partially inverted the drainage system toward the North.A strike-slip displacement induced by the oblique collision initiated some of the early Transbaikalian depressions,such as the Tugnuy Basin at about 168 Ma.A phase of basin inversion,marked by folding and ero

关键词： U–Pb detrital zircons dating Topographic evolution Mongol–Okhotsk collision Transbaikalia

Neurohumoral,cardiac and inflammatory markers in the evaluation of heart failure severity and progression

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第1期18卷 47-66页

作者： Ekaterina A Polyakova Evgeny N Mikhaylov Dmitry l Sonin Yuri v Cheburkin Mikhail M Galagudza Almazov National Medical Research Centre Saint-PetersburgRussia

Heart failure is common in adult population,accounting for substantial morbidity and mortality *** main risk factors for heart failure are coronary artery disease,hypertension,obesity,diabetes mellitus,chronic pulmonary diseases,family history of cardiovascular diseases,cardiotoxic *** main factor associated with poor outcome of these patients is constant progression of heart *** the current review we present evidence on the role of established and candidate neurohumoral biomarkers for heart failure progression management and diagnostics.A growing number of biomarkers have been proposed as potentially useful in heart failure patients,but not one of them still resembles the characteristics of the"ideal biomarker."A single marker will hardly perform well for screening,diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic management ***,the pathophysiological and clinical significance of biomarkers may depend on the presentation,stage,and severity of the *** authors cover main classification of heart failure phenotypes,based on the measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction,including heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,heart failure with reduced ejection fraction,and the recently proposed category heart failure with mid-range ejection *** could envisage specific sets of biomarker with different performances in heart failure progression with different left ventricular ejection fraction especially as concerns prediction of the future course of the disease and of left ventricular adverse/reverse *** article is intended to provide an overview of basic and additional mechanisms of heart failure progression will contribute to a more comprehensive knowledge of the disease pathogenesis.

关键词： cardiac and inflammatory markers in the evaluation of heart failure severity and progression Neurohumoral