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Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells promotes axonal regeneration in a rat model of spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第9期5卷 651-656页

作者： Xichuan Teng Nozomu Yoshioka Junko Kimura-Kuroda koki kawamura HitoshiKawano Hongpeng Li Department of Developmental Morphology Tokyo Metropofitan Institute for Neuroscience Fuchu 183-8526 Japan Department of Pathology Medical College Eastern Liaoning University Dandong 118000 Liaoning Province China Department of Human Anatomy College of Basic Medical Sciences China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning Province China

BACKGROUND：Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） into the injured spinal cord has been shown to promote axonal regeneration and functional ***,the mechanisms underlying the effects of OEC transplantation remain ***：To observe fibrotic scar formation and axonal regeneration in the damaged spinal cord following OEC transplantation,and to determine whether OEC transplantation promotes neural regeneration by attenuating fibrotic scar ***,TIME AND SETTING：A randomized,controlled animal experiment was performed at the Department of Developmental Morphology,Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience,Fuchu,Japan and at the Department of Human Anatomy,College of Basic Medical Sciences,China Medical University,China between April 2007 and May ***：OECs were obtained from olfactory nerves and olfactory bulbs of male,4-week-old,Sprague Dawley *** anti-serotonin polyclonal antibody,rabbit anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide polyclonal antibody,rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein polyclonal antibody,rabbit anti-type IV collagen polyclonal antibody,and mouse anti-rat endothelial cell antigen-1 monoclonal antibody were ***：Male,Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into three groups：sham-surgery （n = 3）,surgery （n = 9）,and OEC transplantation （n = 11）.Spinal cord transection at the T9-10 level was performed and the rats were transplanted with a 2-μL （1 × 105 cells） cell *** OUTCOME MEASURES：Formation of glial and fibrotic scars was examined using immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein and type IV ***-positive and calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive axons were visualized by immunohistochemistry,*** immunofluorescence for type IV collagen and rat endothelial cell antigen-1 was also performed to determine co-localization of type IV collagen deposition and blood ***：At 1 week after spinal cord

关键词： fibrotic scar olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation spinal cord injury neural regeneration rats

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Integrating the effect of abutments in estimating the average vertical stress of elastic hard rock pillars by combining numerical modelling and artificial neural networks

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Underground Space 2023年第6期13卷 121-135页

作者： Nevaid Dzimunya Yoshiaki Fujii Youhei kawamura Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido UniversitySapporo N13W8Japan

Estimating average vertical pillar stresses is a critical step in designing room-and-pillar *** analytical methods can be used to estimate the vertical stresses acting on the ***,the present analytical methods fail to adequately account for the influence of abutments on the distribution of vertical stresses,especially when applied to narrow panel widths and pillar layouts comprising evenly spaced *** this study,a multi-layer perceptron neural network(MLPNN)was applied to predict the vertical loads of regular pillars more *** of room-and-pillar mine layouts were modeled using a displacement discontinuity method(DDM),and a database of 2355 sampled pillar cases was *** MLPNN was trained based on this database,and its prediction capabilities were further validated using simulations by a finite difference code(i.e.,FLAC3D).The model predictions and the FLAC3D simulations reasonably agreed with a regression coefficient of *** model was also adapted for mine cases with evenly spaced barrier pillars,and its application to a real case study mine has shown to provide accurate pillar stress estimations;hence,this model is suitable for practical use at *** though the MLPNN model cannot be applied universally to all mine situations,it seems as a significant improvement over existing analytical techniques in terms of accounting for the influence of abutments on pillar stresses.

关键词： Pillar stress Abutments Multi-layer perceptron neural network Numerical simulation Room-and-pillar mine

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Inherited multimodal microstructure evolution of high-fracture-toughness Mg-Zn-Y-Al alloys during extrusion for the consolidation of rapidly solidified ribbons

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第9期10卷 2433-2445页

作者： Soya Nishimoto Michiaki Yamasaki Yoshihito kawamura Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan

The mechanisms of multimodal microstructure evolution and the effects of microstructural factors on mechanical properties must be elucidated to design new alloys with superior *** this study,high-fracture-toughness and ductile Mg_(96.75)Zn_(0.85)Y_(2.05)Al_(0.35) alloys were developed using rapidly solidified(RS)ribbon-consolidation technique,and the inherited multimodal microstructure evolution during plastic flow consolidation of the RS ribbons was *** use of extrusion for plastic flow consolidation of the heat-treated RS ribbons produced a multimodal microstructure consisting of the worked grains with high Kernel average misorientation(KAM)angles(Group1),the ultrafine dynamically recrystallized(DRXed)grains with intermediate KAM angles(Group 2),and the fine DRXed grains with low KAM angles(Group 3).Groups 1 and 2 contribute to the alloy strengthening,while Group 3 contributes to improving ductility with strainhardening,resulting in enhancement of the fracture *** form the multimodal microstructure,it was necessary to apply plastic flow with equivalent strains of>2.3 to the heat-treated RS ribbons possessing duplex microstructures with different dispersions of the long-period stacking ordered phase.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Long-period stacking ordered phase Multimodal microstructure Rapid solidification Extrusion Dynamic recrystallization

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Solid-state NMR of the retinal protonated Schiff base in microbial rhodopsins

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第3期4卷 11-18页

作者： Sari Kumagai Izuru kawamura Graduate School of Engineering Science Yokohama National UniversityYokohama240-8501Japan

Rhodopsin is a seven-helical transmembrane protein with a retinal chromophore covalently bound to a conserved lysine in helix G via a retinal protonated Schiff base(RPSB).Microbial rhodopsins absorb light through chromophore and play a fundamental role in *** microbial rhodopsins have been discovered,contributing to diverse functions and ***-state NMR spectroscopy has been instrumental in elucidating the conformation of chromophores and the three-dimensional structure of microbial *** review focuses on the 15N chemical shift values of RPSB and summarizes recent progress in the *** displayed the correlation between the 15N isotropic chemical shift values of RPSB and the maximum absorption wavelength of rhodopsin using solid-state NMR spectroscopy.

关键词： Membrane proteins Microbial rhodopsin Retinal Solid-state NMR Protonated Schiff base

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Metal chalcogenide-based photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 189-213,I0005页

作者： Marwa Mohamed Abouelela Go kawamura Atsunori Matsuda Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering Toyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi 441-8580AichiJapan Petrochemical Department Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteCairo 11727Egypt

Photoelectrochemical water splitting(PEC-WS)is a promising technique for transforming solar energy into storable and environmentally friendly chemical *** semiconductor photoelectrodes with high light absorption capability,rapid e-/h+separation and transfer,and sufficient chemical stability is vital for developing an efficient PEC-WS *** chalcogenides(MCs)have emerged as promising candidates for light absorbers because of their unique electrical and optical *** this review,we present recent developments in hydrogen generation via PEC-WS using MC-based ***,we present a simple illustration of PEC-WS ***,the current performance of various metal(mono-,di-,and tri-)chalcogenide/semiconductor photoelectrodes in PEC-WS is ***,the charge transfer mechanism at the MC/semiconductor interface and the PEC-WS mechanism is thoroughly ***,we discuss future research perspectives toward developing efficient and stable MC/semiconductor photoelectrodes.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical water splitting Metal chalcogenides Photoelectrode Energy conversion

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Illumination of parameter contributions on uneven break： phenomenon in underground stoping mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第6期26卷 1095-1100页

作者： Jang Hyongdoo Topal Erkan kawamura Youhei Department of Mining Engineering and Metallurgical Engineering Western Australian School of Mines Curtin University Perth 6102 Australia Division of Intelligent Interaction Technologies Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 3058555 Japan

One of the most serious conundrum facing the stope production in underground metalliferous mining is uneven break （UB： unplanned dilution and ore-loss）. Although the UB has a huge economic fallout to the entire mining process, it is practically unavoidable due to the complex causing mechanism. In this study, the contribution of ten major UB causative parameters ha,; been scrutinised based on a published UB predicting artificial neuron network （ANN） model to put UB under the engineering management. Two typical ANN sensitivity analysis methods, i.e., connection weight algorithm （CWA） and profile method （PM） have been applied. As a result of CWA and PM applications, adjusted Qrate （AQ） revealed as the most influential parameter to UB with contribution of 22,40% in CWA and 20,48% in PM respectively. The findings of this study can be used as an important reference in stope design, production, and reconciliation stages on underground stoping mine.

关键词： Unplanned dilution Ore-loss Underground metalliferous mining Uneven break Artificial neuron network

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Oxidation behavior and improvement in nonflammability of LPSO-type Mg–Zn–Y–Sr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 742-749页

作者： Shin-ichi Inoue Kazumasa Iwanaga Yoshihito kawamura Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan

Mg_(97)Zn_(1)Y_(2)alloys with high ignition temperatures were developed by adding *** addition of Sr resulted in the formation of a uniform and thin Y_(2)O_(3)***–Zn–Y alloys containing at least 0.25 at.%Sr exhibited ignition temperatures of 1270–1320 *** a result of EDS measurement,Sr was found to be concentrated in the Y_(2)O_(3)*** addition,a mixed film of MgO and Sr O formed on the outer layer in the 1.5 at.%Sr-containing Mg_(97)Zn_(1)Y_(2)*** findings suggest that the uniform and thin Y_(2)O_(3)film that maintains high soundness at high temperatures was formed owing to valence control and the formation of a protective outer oxide film.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Yttrium Strontium High-temperature oxidation Nonflammability

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Strength of Thin-Walled Lipped Channel Section Columns with Shell-Shaped Curved Grooves

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2018年第4期8卷 508-523页

作者： koki Hoshide Mitao Ohga Pang-jo Chun Tsunemi Shigematsu Sinichi kawamura Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Ehime University Matsuyama Japan Department of Technology Tokuyama College Tokuyama Japan Department of Kure College of Technology Kure Japan

Thin-walled member is structurally superior to a construction member. However, by reason of complexity in structure the stress and the deformation to yield the cross section are complicated. Specially, in case thin-walled members, such as thin-walled channel section columns, which are subjected to compressive force, these members produce the local buckling, distortional buckling and overall buckling. A number of experimental and theoretical investigations subjected to axial compressive force are generated for thin-walled channel section columns with triangle-shaped folded groove by Hancock [1] and with complex edge stiffeners and web stiffeners by Wang [2]. In case thin-walled channel section column with folded groove which is subjected to axial compressive force, it is cleared that the buckling mode shapes are ordinarily generated for local buckling mode shape of plate-panel composing cross section of member in short member aspect ratio and overall buckling mode shape as column and distortional buckling mode shape interacting between local buckling and overall buckling similarly normal thin-walled member. It is cleared analytically and experimentally that buckling strength and critical strength of thin-walled channel section column with folded groove can increase sharply in comparison with that of normal thin-walled member composing only plate-panel. In this paper a new cross section of shell-shaped curved groove [3] was proposed instead of the thin-walled lipped channel section column with triangle- and rectangle-shaped folded grooves used ordinarily, and therefore the comparison and the examination of buckling strength and buckling behavior were generated in the case of preparing triangle-shaped folded and shell-shaped curved grooves to web and flange of thin-walled channel section column. And then in order to investigate the buckling behavior on the thin-walled channel section column with folded and curved grooves, exact buckling strength and the buckling mode s

关键词： Transfer Matrix Method Folded and Curved Grooves Local Distortional and Overall Buckling Strength Buckling Mode Shapes

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Seasonal changes in TC and WSOC and their ^13C isotope ratios in Northeast Asian aerosols： land surface–biosphere–atmosphere interactions

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 355-358页

作者： Chandra Mouli Pavuluri Kimitaka kawamura Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0819 Japan Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies Chubu University Kasugai 487-8501 Japan

In order to understand the relative importance of anthropogenic and biological sources of carbonaceous aerosols in Northeast Asia,we measured total carbon(TC)and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)and their stable carbon isotope ratios(d^(13)C)in total suspended particulates collected from Sapporo,northern Japan(43.07°N,141.36°E)over a 1-year period(during 2 September 2009and 5 October 2010).Temporal variations of TC showed a gradual decrease from mid-autumn to winter followed by a gradual increase to growing season with a peak in early *** d^(13)C_(TC)and d^(13)C_(WSOC)showed very similar temporal trends with a gradual enrichment of^(13)C from mid-autumn to winter followed by a depletion in the^(13)C to early summer and thereafter it remained stable,except for few *** on the results obtained together with the air mass trajectories,we found that biogenic emissions including biological particles(e.g.,pollen)and secondary organic aerosol formation from biogenic volatile organic compounds are the important sources of carbonaceous aerosols in spring/summer whereas fungal spores from soil and biomass burning and enhanced fossil fuel combustion contribute significantly in autumn/winter and in winter,respectively,in Northeast Asia.

关键词： Carbonaceous aerosols Stable carbon isotope ratios Sources Northeast Asia

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Level-of-Detail Rendering of Large-Scale Irregular Volume Datasets Using Particles

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第5期25卷 905-915页

作者： Takuma kawamura Naohisa Sakamoto Koji Koyamada Member, IEEE Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 6068501 Japan Center for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education Kyoto University Kyoto 6068501 Japan

This paper describes a level-of-detail rendering technique for large-scale irregular volume *** is well known that the memory bandwidth consumed by visibility sorting becomes the limiting factor when carrying out volume rendering of such *** develop a sorting-free volume rendering technique,we previously proposed a particle-based technique that generates opaque and emissive particles using a density function constant within an irregular volume cell and projects the particles onto an image plane with *** the density function changes significantly in an irregular volume cell,the cell boundary may become prominent,which can cause blocky *** the number of the sub-pixels increases,the required frame buffer tends to be *** solve this problem,this work proposes a new particle-based volume rendering which generates particles using metropolis sampling and renders the particles using the ensemble average. To confirm the effectiveness of this method,we applied our proposed technique to several irregular volume datasets,with the result that the ensemble average outperforms the sub-pixel average in computational complexity and memory usage. In addition,the ensemble average technique allowed us to implement a level of detail in the interactive rendering of a 71-million-cell hexahedral volume dataset and a 26-million-cell quadratic tetrahedral volume dataset.

关键词： large-scale irregular volume level-of-detail volume rendering of unstructured meshes

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