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Quantum Fibrations:Quantum Computation on an Arbitrary Topological Space

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第11期40卷 2693-2718页

作者： Kazuki ikeda Co-design Center for Quantum Advantage(C2QA)&Center For Nuclear Theory Department of Physics and AstronomyStony Brook UniversityStony BrookUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics&Centre for Quantum Topology and Its Applications(quanTA) University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada

Using operator algebras,we extend the theory of quantum computation on a graph to a theory of computation on an arbitrary topological *** computation is usually implemented on finite discrete sets,and the purpose of this study is to extend this to theories on arbitrary *** conventional theory of quantum computers can be viewed as a simplified algebraic geometry theory in which the action of SU(2)is defined on each point of a discrete *** this study,we extend this in general as a theory of quantum fibrations in which the action of the von Neumann algebra is defined on an arbitrary topological *** quantum channel is then naturally extended as a net of von Neumann *** allows for a more mathematically rigorous discussion of general theories,including physics and chemistry,which are defined on sets that are not necessarily discrete,from the perspective of quantum computer science.

关键词： Quantum computation operator algebra von Neumann algebra fibration quantum computational chemistry complexity theory

Effect of short-range order on the high-temperature plastic deformation behavior of Ni-Cr-W,Ni-W,and Ni-Re single crystals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第34期165卷 143-152页

作者： koji Hagihara Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of TechnologyGokisoNagoyaAichi 466-8555Japan Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

The development of a Ni-based superalloy that consists of only theγ-solid-solution phase is highly desired for some applications such as high-temperature gas-cooled reactors in power *** this study,the temperature dependence of the plastic deformation behavior of Ni-22Cr-8W(at%)alloy was examined for the first time by using a single crystal,focusing on the influence of the short-range order(SRO),especially upon high-temperature deformation *** critical resolved shear stress(CRSS)for(111)[10¯1]slip exhibited a rapid decrease as the temperature increased at low temperatures but an almost constant value of∼45 MPa between 500 and 900℃.In addition,a slight yield stress anomaly(YSA)was observed,reaching a maximum value at 1000℃.To clarify the influence of the SRO on the YSA behavior,the mechanical properties of Ni-8W and Ni-5Re single crystals were also *** temperature dependence for the CRSS,including the occurrence of slight YSA,was observed for Ni-8W,in which SRO *** the Ni-5Re single crystal in which SRO did not significantly develop,however,the CRSS monotonically decreased as the temperature *** results suggest that the presence of SRO in a Ni-Cr-W alloy contributes to the strengthening of the alloy not only at low temperatures but also at high temperatures up to∼1000℃.The results strongly suggested that the pseudo-PLC effect is related to the origin of YSA appearing in Ni-basedγ-solid-solution alloys at high temperatures.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Short-range order(SRO) Dislocation Yield stress anomaly(YSA)

Unfamiliar waveforms spanning from the ST to TP segments only observed in certain limb leads of the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram due to Aslanger’ s sign

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第9期20卷 693-696页

作者： koji Takahashi Nobuhisa Yamamura Mako Yoshino Daijiro Enomoto Hiroe Morioka Shigeki Uemura Takafumi Okura Tomoki Sakaue Shuntaro ikeda Department of Community Emergency Medicine Ehime University Graduate School of MedicineEhimeJapan Department of Cardiology Yawatahama City General HospitalEhimeJapan Department of Clinical Pathology Yawatahama City General HospitalEhimeJapan

Aslanger’s sign,also known as the arterial pulse tapping artifact or electromechanical association artifact,is an electrocardiographic artifact caused by arterial pulsation at the site where the limb leads of the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram near the radial or posterior tibial arteries are positioned,particularly in hyperdynamic states.[1–8]It occurs in every cardiac cycle with a constant coupling interval between the QRS complex and *** synchronization with the underlying heart rhythm makes it less likely to be recognized as an artifact compared to unsynchronized artifacts,such as those caused by limb movement and inadequate contact between the electrode and skin.[1,2,7,8]Almost all reported cases of Aslanger’s sign exhibit an unusual waveform morphology in all 12 leads except one of the standard 12-lead *** sign is often confused with an electrocardiographic finding commonly observed during acute coronary events.

关键词： electrocardiogram arterial likely

Bell Operator Method to Classify Local Realistic Theories

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第3期27卷 29-32页

作者： koji Nagata Department of Agriculture and of Veterinary Medicine National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases University of Obihiro West 2-13 Inada Obihiro Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan

We review the historical fact of multipartite Bell inequalities with an arbitrary number of settings. An explicit local realistic model for the values of a correlation function, given in a two-setting Bell experiment （two-setting model）, works only for the specific set of settings in the given experiment, but cannot construct a local realistic model for the values of a correlation function, given in a continuous-infinite settings Bell experiment （infinite-setting model）, even though there exist two-setting models for all directions in space. Hence, the two-setting model does not have the property that the infinite-setting model has. Here, we show that an explicit two-setting model cannot construct a local realistic model for the values of a correlation function, given in an M-setting Bell experiment （M-setting model）, even though there exist two-setting models for the M measurement directions chosen in the given M-setting experiment. Hence, the two-setting model does not have the property that the M-setting model has.

关键词： Quantum information and quantum mechanics

Kink-band formation in directionally solidified Mg/Mg_(2)Yb and Mg/Mg_(2)Ca eutectic alloys with Mg/Laves-phase lamellar microstructure

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 530-538页

作者： koji Hagihara Kosuke Miyoshi Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Department of Adaptive Machine Systems Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of TechnologyNagoya 466-8555Japan

For the development of high-strength Mg alloys,active use of Laves phases such as C14-type Mg_(2)Yb and Mg_(2)Ca is strongly ***,the brittleness of the Laves phases is the biggest obstacle to *** first found that kink-band formation can be induced in directionally solidified Mg/Mg_(2)Yb and Mg/Mg_(2)Ca eutectic lamellar alloys when a stress is applied parallel to the lamellar interface,leading to a high yield stress accompanied with *** is,microstructural control can induce a new deformation mode that is not activated in the constituent phases,thereby inducing *** was clarified that the geometric relationship between the operative slip plane in the constituent phases and the lamellar interface,and the microstructural features that provide kink-band nucleation sites are important factors for controlling kink-band *** obtained results show a possibility to open the new door for the development of novel high-strength structural material using the kink bands.

关键词： Deformation kink band Lamellar microstructure Laves phase Magnesium alloys Mechanical properties

Dopamine as a growth differentiation factor in the mammalian brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 390-393页

作者： koji Ohira Laboratory of Nutritional Brain Science Department of Food Science and Nutrition Mukogawa Women’s University

The catecholamine,dopamine,plays an important role in the central nervous system of mammals,including executive functions,motor control,motivation,arousal,reinforcement,and *** of the dopaminergic system lead to diseases of the brains,such as Parkinson’s disease,Tourette’s syndrome,and *** addition to its fundamental role as a neurotransmitter,there is evidence for a role as a growth differentiation factor during *** studies suggest that dopamine regulates the development ofγ-aminobutyric acidergic interneurons of the cerebral ***,in adult brains,dopamine increases the production of new neurons in the hippocampus,suggesting the promoting effect of dopamine on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells and progenitor cells in the adult *** this mini-review,I center my attention on dopaminergic functions in the cortical interneurons during development and further discuss cell therapy against neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： γ-aminobutyric acidergic interneuron adult neurogenesis cerebral cortex dopamine GABA medial ganglionic eminence migration striatum

Three-Dimensional Leaf Edge Reconstruction Combining Two-and Three-Dimensional Approaches

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Plant Phenomics 2024年第3期6卷 532-546页

作者： Hidekazu Murata koji Noshita Department of Biology Kyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan Plant Frontier Research Center Kyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Leaves,crucial for plant physiology,exhibit various morphological traits that meet diverse functional *** leaf morphology quantification,largely 2-dimensional(2D),has not fully captured the 3-dimensional(3D)aspects of leaf *** improvements in 3D data acquisition,accurately depicting leaf morphologies,particularly at the edges,is *** study proposes a method for 3D leaf edge reconstruction,combining 2D image segmentation with curve-based 3D *** deep-learning-based instance segmentation for 2D edge detection,structure from motion for estimation of camera positions and orientations,leaf correspondence identification for matching leaves among images,and curve-based 3D reconstruction for estimating 3D curve fragments,the method assembles 3D curve fragments into a leaf edge model through B-spline curve *** method's performances were evaluated on both virtual and actual leaves,and the results indicated that small leaves and high camera noise pose greater challenges to *** developed guidelines for setting a reliability threshold for curve fragments,considering factors occlusion,leaf size,the number of images,and camera error;the number of images had a lesser impact on this threshold compared to *** method was effective for lobed leaves and leaves with fewer than 4 ***,challenges still existed when dealing with morphologies exhibiting highly local variations,such as *** nondestructive approach to 3D leaf edge reconstruction marks an advancement in the quantitative analysis of plant *** is a promising way to capture whole-plant architecture by combining 2D and 3D phenotyping approaches adapted to the target anatomical structures.

关键词： edge leaf approaches combining dimensional reconstruction three

Defecation disorders are crucial sequelae that impairs the quality of life of patients after conventional gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第11期13卷 1484-1496页

作者： koji Nakada Masami ikeda Masazumi Takahashi Shinichi Kinami Masashi Yoshida Yoshikazu Uenosono Masanori Terashima Atsushi Oshio Yasuhiro Kodera University School of Medicine Tokyo 105-8461Japan Department of Surgery Asama General HospitalSaku 385-0022Japan Division of Gastroenterological Surgery Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s HospitalYokohama 240-8555Japan Department of Surgical Oncology Kanazawa Medical SchoolKanazawa 920-0293Japan Department of Surgery International University of Health and Welfare HospitalTochigi 329-2763Japan Department of Digestive Surgery Imamura General HospitalKagoshima 890-0064Japan Division of Gastric Surgery Shizuoka Cancer CenterShizuoka 411-8777Japan Faculty of Letters Arts and SciencesWaseda UniversityTokyo 169-8050Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8550Japan

BACKGROUND Defecation disorders are obscure sequelae that occurs after gastrectomy,and its implication on daily lives of patients have not been sufficiently *** To examine the features of defecation disorders after gastrectomy and to explore its implication on daily lives of patients in a large cohort using the Postgast rectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale(PGSAS)-*** We conducted a nationwide multi-institutional study using PGSAS-45 to examine the prevalence of postgastrectomy syndrome and its impact on daily lives of patients after various types of *** were obtained from 2368 eligible patients at 52 institutions in *** these,1777 patients who underwent total gastrectomy(TG;n=393)or distal gastrectomy(DG;n=1384)were *** severity of defecation disorder symptoms,such as diarrhea and constipation,and their correlation with other postgastrectomy symptoms were *** importance of defecation disorder symptoms on the living states and quality of life(QOL)of postgastrectomy patients,and those clinical factors that affect the severity of defecation disorder symptoms were evaluated using multiple regression *** Among seven symptom subscales of PGSAS-45,the ranking of diarrhea was 4th in TG and 2nd in *** ranking of constipation was 5th in TG and 1st in *** symptoms that correlated well with diarrhea were dumping and indigestion in both TG and DG;while those with constipation were abdominal pain and mealrelated distress in TG,and were meal-related distress and indigestion in *** five main outcome measures(MOMs)of living status domain,constipation significantly impaired four MOMs,while diarrhea had no effect in *** diarrhea and constipation impaired most of five MOMs in *** six MOMs of QOL domain,diarrhea impaired one MOM,whereas constipation impaired all six MOMs in *** diarrhea and constipation equally impaired all MOMs in *** sex,younger age,division of the celiac branch of vagus nerv

关键词： Postgastrectomy syndrome Defecation disorders Quality of life Patientreported outcome measures Gastrectomy

Predictive factors for body weight loss and its impact on quality of life following gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4823-4830页

作者： Kazuaki Tanabe Masazumi Takahashi Takashi Urushihara Yoichi Nakamura Makoto Yamada Sang-Woong Lee Shinnosuke Tanaka Akira Miki Masami ikeda koji Nakada Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Hiroshima University Hospital Division of Gastroenterological Surgery Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital Department of Gastroenterological Breast and Transplant SurgeryHiroshima Prefectural Hospital Department of Surgery Toho University Ohashi Medical Center Department of Surgery Gifu Municipal Hospital Department of General and Gastroentero-logical Surgery Osaka Medical College Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Fukuoka University School of Medicine Department of Surgery Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Department of Surgery Asama General Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine the Jikei University School of Medicine

To determine the predictive factors and impact of body weight loss on postgastrectomy quality of life (QOL). METHODSWe applied the newly developed integrated questionnaire postgastrectomy syndrome assessment scale-45, which consists of 45 items including those from the Short Form-8 and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale instruments, in addition to 22 newly selected items. Between July 2009 and December 2010, completed questionnaires were received from 2520 patients with curative resection at 1 year or more after having undergone one of six types of gastrectomy for Stage I gastric cancer at one of 52 participating institutions. Of those, we analyzed 1777 eligible questionnaires from patients who underwent total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y procedure (TGRY) or distal gastrectomy with Billroth-I (DGBI) or Roux-en-Y (DGRY) procedures. RESULTSA total of 393, 475 and 909 patients underwent TGRY, DGRY, and DGBI, respectively. The mean age of patients was 62.1 ± 9.2 years. The mean time interval between surgery and retrieval of the questionnaires was 37.0 ± 26.8 mo. On multiple regression analysis, higher preoperative body mass index, total gastrectomy, and female sex, in that order, were independent predictors of greater body weight loss after gastrectomy. There was a significant difference in the degree of weight loss (P 25 kg/m2). Multiple linear regression analysis identified lower postoperative body mass index, rather than greater body weight loss postoperatively, as a certain factor for worse QOL (P 2, 0.028-0.080). CONCLUSIONWhile it is certainly important to maintain adequate body weight after gastrectomy, the impact of body weight loss on QOL is unexpectedly small.

关键词： Quality of life Gastrectomy Weight loss Postgastrectomy syndrome assessment scale-45