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Fecal lactoferrin accurately reflects mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2019年第5期10卷 54-63页

作者： Marrieth G Rubio kofi amo-mensah James M Gray Vu Q Nguyen Sam Nakat Douglas Grider Kim Love James H Boone Dario Sorrentino IBD Center-Division of Gastroenterology Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVA 24016United States Department of Radiology Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVA 24016United States Department of Basic Science Education Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Dominion Pathology Associates RoanokeVA 24016United States K.R.Love Quantitative Consulting and Collaboration AthensGA 30605United States Research and Development TECHLAB IncBlacksburgVA 24060United States Department of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences University of Udine School of MedicineUdine 33100Italy

BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated a potential role for fecal biomarkers such as fecal calprotectin(FC)and fecal lactoferrin(FL)in monitoring inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)-Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC).However,their correlation to endoscopic scores,disease severity and affected intestinal surface has not been extensively *** To correlate FL,and for comparison white blood cell(WBC)and C-reactive protein(CRP),with endoscopic scores,disease extent and location in CD and *** Retrospective analysis in 188 patients who had FL,CRP and WBC determined within 30 d of *** location,disease extent(number of intestinal segments involved),disease severity(determined by endoscopic scores),timing of FL testing in relation to colonoscopy,as well as the use of effective fast acting medications(steroids and biologics)between colonoscopy and FL measurement,were *** In 131 CD and 57 UC patients,both CRP and FL-but not WBC-distinguished disease severity(inactive,mild,moderate,severe).In patients receiving fastacting(steroids or biologics)treatment in between FL and colonoscopy,FL showed a higher correlation to endoscopic scores when tested before vs after the procedure(r=0.596,Psmall bowel)and the number of inflamed colon *** FL and CRP separated disease severity categories with FL showing lower discriminating *** showed a close correlation with the involved mucosal surface and with disease extent and was more closely correlated to endoscopy when determined before the procedure–this indicating that inflammatory activity changes associated with therapy might be rapidly reflected by FL *** can accurately and timely characterize intestinal inflammation in IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Fecal lactoferrin C-reactive protein White blood cell count Mucosal inflammation

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Metabolic reprogramming of the inflammatory response in the nervous system:the crossover between inflammation and metabolism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2189-2201页

作者： Jesus amo-Aparicio Charles A.Dinarello Ruben Lopez-Vales Department of Medicine University of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA Institute of Neurosciences and Department Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos ⅢSpain

Metabolism is a fundamental process by which biochemicals are broken down to produce energy(catabolism) or used to build macromolecules(anabolism). Metabolism has received renewed attention as a mechanism that generates molecules that modulate multiple cellular responses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also present in immunocompetent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectional influence of cellular metabolism and immune cell function, highlighting the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune cell activation and effector functions. Metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation have been shown to undergo dynamic changes during immune cell response, facilitating the energetic and biosynthetic demands. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in different immune cells upon activation, with a special focus on central nervous system disorders. Understanding the metabolic changes of the immune response not only provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell function but also opens new approaches for therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.

关键词： central nervous system fatty acid oxidation glycolysis inflammation macrophage metabolism microglia neurodegeneration oxidative phosphorylation

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Investigation of Groundwater Quality with Borehole Depth in the Basin Granitoids of the Ashanti Region of Ghana

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 381-394页

作者： Bernard Ofosu Augustine kofi Asante Festus Anane mensah Umar-Farouk Usman Naa Korkoi Ayeh Geotechnical and Materials Engineering Division CSIR-Building and Road Research Institute Kumasi Ghana

The dependence of groundwater quality on borehole depth is usually debatable in groundwater studies, especially in complex geological formations where aquifer characteristics vary spatially with depth. This study therefore seeks to investigate the relationship between borehole depth and groundwater quality across the granitoid aquifers within the Birimian Supergroup in the Ashanti Region. Physicochemical analysis records of groundwater quality data were collected from 23 boreholes of public and private institutions in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, and the parametric values of iron, fluoride, total hardness, pH, nitrate, and nitrite were used to study the groundwater quality-depth relationship. The results showed that the depth-to-groundwater quality indicated a marginal increase in water quality in the range of 30 to 50 m, which is mathematically represented by the low-value correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.026). A relatively significant increase occurs in the depth range of 50 to 80 m, which is given by a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.298. The mean percent parameter compatibility was 74%, 82%, 89%, and 97% at 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depths, respectively. The variations in groundwater quality per depth ratio ranged from 1.48, 1.37, 1.27, and 1.21 for 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depth, respectively. The recommended minimum borehole depth for excellent groundwater quality is suggested with a compatibility per meter depth ratio of 1.37. This results in a range between 50 and 70 m as the most desirable drilling depth for excellent groundwater quality within the granitoids of the Birimian Supergroup of the Ashanti Region in Ghana.

关键词： Groundwater Quality Borehole Depth Birimian Supergroup Granitoid Aquifers Ashanti Region

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Investigation of Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Bandgap Graphene by the Boltzmann Transport Equation

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2024年第1期14卷 10-20页

作者： Raymond Edziah Samuel S. Bentsiefi Kwadwo Dompreh Anthony Twum Emmanuel kofi Amewode Patrick mensah-amoah Ebenezer T. Tatchie Cynthia Jebuni-Adanu Samuel Y. mensah Department of Physics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Physics Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

We study the acoustomagnetoelectric (AME) effect in two-dimensional graphene with an energy bandgap using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation within the hypersound regime, (where represents the acoustic wavenumber and is the mean free path of the electron). The Boltzmann transport equation and other relevant equations were solved analytically to obtain an expression for the AME current density, consisting of longitudinal and Hall components. Our numerical results indicate that both components of the AME current densities display oscillatory behaviour. Furthermore, geometric resonances and Weiss oscillations were each defined using the relationship between the current density and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) frequency and the inverse of the applied magnetic field, respectively. Our results show that the AME current density of bandgap graphene, which can be controlled to suit a particular electronic device application, is smaller than that of (gapless) graphene and is therefore, more suited for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Acoustomagnetoelctric Effect Surface Acoustic Wave Gapless Graphene Weiss Oscillations

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A Fault Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Battery System Based on Bayesian Optimization SVDD Considering a Few Faulty Samples

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Energy Engineering 2024年第9期121卷 2543-2568页

作者： Miao Li Fanyong Cheng Jiong Yang Maxwell mensah Duodu Hao Tu School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China

Accurate and reliable fault detection is essential for the safe operation of electric *** vector data description(SVDD)has been widely used in the field of fault ***,constructing the hypersphere boundary only describes the distribution of unlabeled samples,while the distribution of faulty samples cannot be effectively described and easilymisses detecting faulty data due to the imbalance of sample ***,selecting parameters is critical to the detection performance,and empirical parameterization is generally timeconsuming and laborious and may not result in finding the optimal ***,this paper proposes a semi-supervised data-driven method based on which the SVDD algorithm is improved and achieves excellent fault detection *** incorporating faulty samples into the underlying SVDD model,training deals better with the problem of missing detection of faulty samples caused by the imbalance in the distribution of abnormal samples,and the hypersphere boundary ismodified to classify the samplesmore *** Bayesian Optimization NSVDD(BO-NSVDD)model was constructed to quickly and accurately optimize hyperparameter *** the experiments,electric vehicle operation data with four common fault types are used to evaluate the performance with other five models,and the results show that the BO-NSVDD model presents superior detection performance for each type of fault data,especially in the imperceptible early and minor faults,which has seen very obvious ***,the strong robustness of the proposed method is verified by adding different intensities of noise in the dataset.

关键词： Fault detection vehicle battery system lithium batteries fault samples

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Petrology and Geochemical Relationship of Birimian Gabbro-Diorite-Granodiorite Dykes in Basaltic Rocks at Butre Area, SW Ghana

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第2期12卷 107-130页

作者： Victor Graham George mensah Tetteh Department of Geological Engineering University of Mines and Technology Tarkwa Ghana

Granitoids at Butre area, south-western part of the Birimian of Ghana are gabbro to granodiorite which intruded comagmatic basalt and andesite of volcanic island arc setting. Differentiation was from probably mantle fractionates on tholeiitic basalt trend through gabbro-diorite and granodiorite. Yet, the diorite intruded into the volcanic rocks prior to plate collision. Plagioclase feldspars of labradorite to andesine compositions (An52 - An48), amphibole and pyroxene are in association with accessory tourmaline, actinolite, apatite and garnet. Relict amphibolite facies metamorphism is preserved in xenoliths in gabbro to diorite which show greenschist facies. Generally, plagioclase is partially altered to fine quartz, sericite and carbonates whereas chlorite and epidote are of amphibole alteration. These alterations are typical of carbonatisation but diorite shows partial carbonate-sericite alteration. Alterations followed granodiorite emplacement. Arsenopyrite and pyrite accompanied emplacement of diorite and granodiorite respectively while amphibolite facies metamorphism introduced magnetite;haematite and pyrrhotite accompanied greenschist facies metamorphism. Earlier opaque minerals possibly were consumed to form later minerals. All the rocks are LREE depleted (La/Sm chondrite normalised ratios of basalt = 0.8 to 2.5;andesite = 2.03;diorite = 1.95 to 3.1;gabbro-diorite = 0.9 to 2.05;granodiorite = 1.66);diorite, basalt and andesite are fairly enriched in HREE. Enrichment of FeOT, MgO, SiO2, CaO and depletion of TiO2, K2O and Zr might be linked with carbonitisation, sericitisation, chloritisation, silicification and sulphidation linked to gold mineralisations in the Birimian of Ghana.

关键词： Granitoids Petrography Alteration Metamorphism Geochemistry Butre

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Climatic and non-climatic factors driving the livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers in Ahafo Ano North District,Ghana

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 24-39页

作者： Frank BAFFOUR-ATA Louisa BOAKYE Moses Tilatob GADO Ellen BOAKYE-YIADOM Sylvia Cecilia mensah Senyo Michael KWAKU KUMFO kofi Prempeh OSEI OWUSU Emmanuel CARR Emmanuel DZIKUNU Patrick DAVIES Department of Environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAK-039-5028Ghana Department of Meteorology and Climate Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAK-039-5028Ghana

Smallholder farmers in Ahafo Ano North District,Ghana,face multiple climatic and non-climatic *** study assessed the factors contributing to the livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers in this district by household surveys with 200 respondents and focus group discussions(FGDs)with 10 *** Mann–Kendall trend test was used to assess mean annual rainfall and temperature trends from 2002 to *** relative importance index(RII)value was used to rank the climatic and non-climatic factors perceived by *** socioeconomic characteristics affecting smallholder farmers’perceptions of climatic and non-climatic factors were evaluated by the binary logistic regression *** showed that mean annual rainfall decreased(P>0.05)but mean annual temperature significantly increased(P<0.05)from 2002 to 2022 in the *** key climatic factors perceived by smallholder farmers were extreme heat or increasing temperature(RII=0.498),erratic rainfall(RII=0.485),and increased windstorms(RII=0.475).The critical non-climatic factors were high cost of farm inputs(RII=0.485),high cost of healthcare(RII=0.435),and poor condition of roads to farms(RII=0.415).Smallholder farmers’perceptions of climatic and non-climatic factors were significantly affected by their socioeconomic characteristics(P<0.05).This study concluded that these factors negatively impact the livelihoods and well-being of smallholder farmers and socioeconomic characteristics influence their perceptions of these ***,to enhance the resilience of smallholder farmers to climate change,it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive and context-specific approach that accounts for climatic and non-climatic factors.

关键词： Smallholder farmers Livelihood vulnerability Climate change Socioeconomic characteristics Food security Ghana

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Existence of Solutions of a Convolution Integral Equation

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第5期12卷 1835-1847页

作者： Henry Otoo Benjamin Dadzie mensah Lewis Brew Mathematical Sciences Department University of Mines and Technology Tarkwa Ghana Faculty of Science and Technology University of Silesia in Katowice Sosnowiec Poland

In this study, we prove the of existence of solutions of a convolution Volterra integral equation in the space of the Lebesgue integrable function on the set of positive real numbers and with the standard norm defined on it. An operator P was assigned to the convolution integral operator which was later expressed in terms of the superposition operator and the nonlinear operator. Given a ball Br belonging to the space L it was established that the operator P maps the ball into itself. The Hausdorff measure of noncompactness was then applied by first proving that given a set M∈ B r the set is bounded, closed, convex and nondecreasing. Finally, the Darbo fixed point theorem was applied on the measure obtained from the set E belonging to M. From this application, it was observed that the conditions for the Darbo fixed point theorem was satisfied. This indicated the presence of at least a fixed point for the integral equation which thereby implying the existence of solutions for the integral equation.

关键词： Volterra Integral Equation Convolution Fixed Point Existence Noncompactness

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Surgical Treatment of Nephroblastoma in a 4-Year Male Child: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 43-51页

作者： Alexander kofi Egote Samuel Kolonziah Blay Constance Amuzuah Egote Cardinal kofi Newton Albert Afriyie Akowuah Emmanuel Nana Bosoma Urology Unit Sunyani Teaching Hospital Sunyani Ghana

Herein we report a patient with nephroblastoma which was successfully removed at the Sunyani Teaching Hospital CJ Oppong theatre in Ghana in sub-Saharan Africa by extended below umbilical incision. Our patient had a family history of Wilms tumour predisposing him to the disease. His main symptoms were haematuria and abdominal mass which was noticed later. Examination and investigation were suggestive of a late-stage unilateral Nephroblastoma resulting in the need for nephrectomy. To reduce the need for such radical surgeries among children at an early stage, there is the need for early screening of children for Wilms tumours especially, those with family predisposition as in our case study. The case report presented here constitutes a rare case of nephroblastoma in the literature.

关键词： Nephroblastoma Wilms Tumour Nephrectomy Screening

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Antimony, Arsenic and Thallium Bioaccumulation in Asiatic Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Transplanted along the Manadas Creek, Laredo, Texas

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 379-400页

作者： Natasha Garcia Vaughan Thomas Alfred Addo-mensah Department of Biology & Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA

Manadas Creek is an urban tributary of the Rio Grande that flows past a decommissioned antimony smelter and processing plant. This antimony plant is associated with heavy metal contamination in the creek and still poses a threat to the surrounding aquatic environment. Corbicula fluminea was used to determine bioaccumulation from the water column and sediments in Manadas Creek. The metals arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) and thallium (Tl) were analyzed in the water, sediments, gills, mantle, foot, digestive (DI) tract, gonads and shell of clams being monitored at eight sites between March and August 2013. Sediment, water, and dissected Corbicula fluminea samples from different sites in the Creek were acid-digested and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. High levels of antimony (25.88 ug/L;75.96 mg/kg) and arsenic (8.26 ug/L;6.41 mg/kg) in the water and sediments were observed at the site downstream from the smelter. There were no detectable concentrations of arsenic, antimony, or thallium in the shell of C. fluminea. Arsenic and antimony were detected in the tissues of C. fluminea but thallium was not detected. Based on the results, the organotropism for arsenic is DI tract > gills > gonads > foot > mantle > shell and the organotropism for antimony is gills > DI tract > gonads > mantle > foot > shell. This study shows that the Asiatic clam (Corbicula fluminea) is a useful bio-monitor to provide data on the status of metal pollution in Manadas Creek, Laredo, Texas.

关键词： Biomarker Manadas Creek Rio Grande Heavy Metals Corbicula fluminea Biota Sediment Accumulation

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