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Effects of Natural Processes on Sea Level Change along the West African Coastline

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2024年第4期14卷 78-95页

作者： Anoumou R. Tano Sandrine Djakouré kouamé J. koffi Yves Kouadio Yao Tchetche Donatus B. Angnuureng Angora Aman François-Xavier B. D. Bouo Appeaning Addo Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Physics Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Cote dIvoire Laboratory of Sciences of Matter Environment and Solar Energy Felix Houphoet Boigny University of Cocody Abidjan Cote dIvoire Laboratory of Physics University of Man Man Cote dIvoire Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Coastal hazards induced by meteo-marine forcing are exacerbated by sea level change along the West African coastline. Changes in sea level are induced by ocean processes such as ocean heat content and river discharge. However, although these processes control largely change in sea level, they remain poorly understood. This study analyzes changes in ocean heat content, river discharge, and sea level and establishes an interconnection between these parameters using several statistical methods over the 1993-2021 period. Results showed a significant correlation between sea level and ocean heat content at 2000 m depth. The yearly minimum value appears in July from Cote d’Ivoire to Benin, whilst this value appears in June in Nigeria. The temporal variability of ocean heat content, river discharge and sea level along the West African coastline exhibits three or four periods interrupted by some breakpoints with unequal duration. The results indicate that the 1993-2000 period was dominated by an increasing ocean heat content along the coastline, while the period after the 2000s exhibits mostly a decreasing trend. Positive and negative trends characterized river discharge and sea level along this coastline. The result of multiple linear regression between sea level, river discharge and ocean heat content is a good approximation of sea level trend along the West African coastline. The results of this study could be used to predict future sea level trends along the coast.

关键词： Coastal Sea Level River Discharge Heat Content West African Coast

Genetic Diversity and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance among Drug-Naive HIV-1 Infected Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire

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World Journal of AIDS 2012年第2期2卷 57-63页

作者： Loukou Yao guillaume Zinzendorf Nanga Yesse Kouadio Hortense Dje Laurent Cablan Mian Arsher Lathro Serge Joseph Akoua koffi Marie-Chantal Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences University of CocodyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire National Public Health Labora-tory AbidjanCote d’Ivoire Faculty of Medical Sciences University of CocodyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire Pasteur Institute AbidjanCote d’Ivoire.

To clarify the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance-related mutations, we collected and analysed serum from pregnant women who are ARV drug-naive in Abidjan. The prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and mutations associated with antiretroviral drug resistance among drug-na?ve HIV-1 infected pregnant women was investigated from plasma of 90 young pregnant primigravida. The HIV-1 pol and env genes were amplified by using primers recognizing conserved viral sequences and sequenced by employing BigDye chemistry. Positions 1 - 99 of the PR and 1 - 350 of the RT genes were analyzed for mutations based on the international AIDS society USA panel. In 39 strains which both genes were sequenced including CFR02_AG 30 (76.9%), subtype A 3 (7.7%), CFR06_cpx 2 (5.1%), CFR09_cpx 1 (2.6%), and discordant sequences suggesting the presence of a few number of recombinant involving CRF02-AG and subtype A 3 (7.7%). None of the major drug resistance mutations was detected. The frequent minor mutations associated drug resistance observed were M36I (52%/96.3%), L10I/R/V (19%/35.2%) and L63P (7%/12.9%). The M36I mutation was widespread in all subtypes. Our result demonstrated first a significant level of viral heterogeneity and then only the presence of minor resistance associated mutations. Our study emphasizes the need of HIV sentinel survey in C?te d'Ivoire and shows that pregnant women who are candidates for receiving antiretroviral drug therapies do not contain naturally occurring or preexisting drug resistance mutations. So such drug therapies are likely to be highly effective in this setting.

关键词： HIV-1 Drug Naive Pregnant Women ARV Resistance

Predictive Factors of Functional Outcome of Open Fractures of the Foot at the Bouaké Hospital and University Center

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第11期14卷 510-523页

作者： kouamé Innocent M’bra Achié Jean-Régis Akobe Aya Adélaide Natacha Kouassi Ibrahim Soumahoro Loukou Blaise Yao Bada Justin Léopold Niaoré Sery koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Orthopaedics-Traumatology Department of the University Hospital of Bouak Ivoiry Coast (Alassane Ouattara University) Bouak Ivoiry Coast

The study evaluated functional outcomes of foot open fractures, finding satisfactory results in 89.6% of cases. It identified associated lesions, more than two fractures, and lack of rehabilitation as predictors of po... 详细信息

关键词： AOFAS-Open Fracture-Foot-Functional Outcome

Peri-Operative Morbidity and Mortality of Elderly Patients in Traumatology-Orthopedics in Bouaké

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第11期14卷 524-534页

作者： Aya Adélaïde Natacha Kouassi Achié Jean-Régis Akobe Loukou Blaise Yao kouamé Innocent M’bra Zolopégué Marcel Soro Ibrahim Soumahoro koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Bouak Teaching Hospital Bouak Cte dIvoire Surgery Department Alassane OUATTARA University Bouak Cte dIvoire

Introduction: Elderly subjects have physiological and clinical characteristics that make surgical management more complex and have a major impact on their prognosis. The primary objective of this study was to assess peri-operative hospital morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Secondary objectives were to identify factors predictive of death. Methods: This was a retrospective observational descriptive and analytical study carried out over 02 years, based on hospitalized patient records. It concerned patients aged 65 or over who had undergone surgery or for whom an indication for surgery had been given, all pathologies included. A total of 138 files were collected. The mean age was 74.15 years. Diabetes (n = 52;37.68%) and arterial hypertension (n = 38;27.54%) were the most common comorbidities. The reasons for hospitalization were mostly degenerative (n = 56;40.58%) and traumatic (n = 49;35.51%) pathologies. Preoperative delay, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay, evolution (mode of discharge), time of occurrence and presumed cause of death were studied. Univariate (p Results: The mean preoperative delay was 5.53 days (1 - 23). Intraoperative complications were mainly hemodynamic instability (n = 26, 18.8%). Postoperatively, the main complications were anemia (n = 62;48.44%) and glycemic imbalance (n = 28;21.86%). Average hospital stay was 13.4 days. Age (>75 years), the existence of comorbidities, degenerative pathologies, ASA score > 2, delay in treatment > 3 days, the occurrence of complications and the blood transfusion requirement were the independent predictors of the occurrence of death in the multifactorial analysis. Conclusion: Peri-operative morbidity in the elderly was influenced by age (>75 years), the existence of comorbidities, degenerative pathologies, ASA score > 2, time to treatment > 3 days, the occurrence of complications and the blood transfusion requirement.

关键词： Comorbidity Elderly Patient Mortality Surgery

Madelung’s Deformity: Reverse Wedge Osteotomy of the Distal Radius Associate Ulnar Wedge Osteotomy: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第2期8卷 33-38页

作者： Kouassi kouamé Jean Eric Sery Bada Justin Leopoeld Niaoré Yao Loukou Blaise M’bra kouame Innocent Krah koffi Léopold Kouassi Aya Adelaide Nathacha Assere Yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Kodo Michel Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery of the University Hospital of Bouake Bouake Cote d’Ivoire

Madelung deformity is rare, accounting for 1.7% of congenital anomalies. The treatment is essentially surgical and several techniques have been described. We report the result of a case treated in an adult patient by ... 详细信息

关键词： Madelung Deformity Cuneiform Osteotomy Radius Ulna

Study of the Influence of Clay in the Degradation of Methylene Blue by Photo-Fenton Process

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第11期15卷 538-557页

作者： Namory Méité Lébé Prisca Marie-Sandrine Kouakou Alfred Niamien kouamé Aliou guillaume Lemeyonouin Pohan Issiaka Sanou Gaoussou Cissé Christelle Adja Kouakou Yao Jonas Andji-Yapi Laboratoire de Constitution et Raction de la Matire (LCRM) UFR-Science des Structures de la Matire et Technologie (SSMT) Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Departement de Mathmatiques Physique et Chimie UFR des Sciences Biologiques Universit Pelefero Gon Coulibaly Korhogo Cte dIvoire Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Laboratoire de Chimie et Energies Renouvelables (LaCER) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INP-HB) de Yamoussoukro Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire

Industrial effluents from textile, tannery or printing activities often have a significant pollutant load composed of dyes that are difficult to biodegrade. These dyes pose a threat to the environment. To overcome this problem, various processes have been developed to eliminate these dyes in wastewater before their release into nature. Conventional biological or physical processes most often prove to be ineffective and expensive. It is therefore necessary to resort to other processes such as advanced oxidation processes (POA). This work therefore focuses on the study of the influence of clay in the degradation of Methylene Blue by the photo-Fenton process which is one of the advanced oxidation processes (POA), with the source of irradiation, natural light. To do this, two clays from Côte d’Ivoire referenced AB and Aga were the subject of a physicochemical and mineralogical characterization. The results showed that Aga clay is composed of 75.43% quartz, 12.72% kaolinite, 8.75% illite and 3.12% goethite and AB clay consists of 61, 36% kaolinite, 28.6% quartz and 10.10% illite. Under natural light irradiation the optimal amounts of Fenton reagents (iron: 10 mg;H2O2: 0.1 mL) were determined. Finally, the addition of clay to the photo-Fenton process made it possible to improve the degradation of the pollutant (Methylene Blue). Indeed, the yield increased from 92% for the photo-Fenton process to 98.43% with the addition of AB clay and 98.13% for the addition of Aga clay. The results of the degradation kinetics clearly show that the degradation follows the pseudo-second order kinetics with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.

关键词： Methylene Blue Clay Photo-Fenton Pollutant Degradation

Osteoarticular Lesions of the Shoulder Girdle by Hippopotamus Bite: Highly Septic Lesion

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期14卷 114-121页

作者： Jr Pierre Germain Ochou Achié Jean Régis Akobe Yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Assere kouamé Jean-Eric Kouassi Adelaïde Aya Natacha Kouassi Ibrahim Soumahoro Zolopégué Marcel Soro Sédi Loues De Randolphe Akpro Gbalé Yannick Blé kouamé Innocent M’bra Loukou Blaise Yao Bada Juste Léopold NiaoréSery koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatological Surgery Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Ivory Coast Raoul Follereau Institute Manikro Centre Bouaké Ivory Coast

Hippopotamus bites are rare in medical consultations, despite several studies exposing their aggressive character. A case of a hippopotamus bite on the shoulder of a fisherman has been reported. In addition to the osteoarticular aspect representing a therapeutic problem, the infectious aspect was marked by sepsis, with a death in less than 48 hours. Based on this observation, a protocol for the initial management of large animal bites was submitted.

关键词： Bite Hippopotamus Septic Shock

Recent Traumatic Dislocations of the Shoulder in Adults: Epidemiological, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第7期13卷 267-274页

作者： Inza Bamba Achié Jean-Régis Akobe kouamé Jean-Eric Kouassi Serge Amos Ekra Aya Natacha Adélaide Kouassi Sédi Louess De Randolphe Akpro Ibrahim Soumahoro Zolopégué Marcel Soro Gbale Yannick Ble koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Traumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery Department of The University Hospital of Bouaké Alassane Ouattara University Bouaké C&ocircte d’Ivoire General Surgery Department of The University Hospital of Bouaké Alassane Ouattara University Bouaké C&ocircte d’Ivoire

Introduction: Shoulder dislocations represent about 50% of all joint dislocations. The objective was to describe the epidemiological, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of traumatic shoulder dislocations in Bouaké. Methods: This retrospective and descriptive study was conducted between January 2017 and December 2019. It concerned patients over 15 years of age with a recent traumatic shoulder dislocation treated and followed in the department. The variables studied were epidemiological, therapeutic and evolutionary. The severity of the trauma was assessed according to the Injury Severity Score (ISS). Functional outcome was assessed according to the Constant score. Results: There were 49 patients (49 dislocations) out of 22,569 patients. The prevalence was 0.2%. The mean age was 32 years (17 - 62). There were 38 men (77.5%). The sex ratio was 3.4. Students predominated (n = 10;20.4%). The etiology was dominated by road traffic accidents (n = 19;38.8%). Anterior dislocation was the most common (n = 45;92%). The ISS score was minor (n = 46;93.8%). The mean time to reduction was 7 hours (4 - 16). Orthopaedic reduction using the Kocher technique predominated (n = 44;89.8%). The mean duration of external rotation immobilisation of the shoulder was 23 days (16 - 45). Recurrence occurred in 8 patients (21.6%). The functional outcome at a mean Constant follow-up of 15 months (8 - 20) was satisfactory (n = 44;89.8%). Conclusion: Traumatic dislocation of the shoulder represented 0.2%. Treatment was mainly orthopaedic. Recurrence was rare.

关键词： Adult Shoulder Anterior Dislocation Traumatic Orthopaedic Treatment

Severe Musculoskeletal Injuries in Children during Play

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期12卷 393-399页

作者： Soumahoro Ibrahim Akobé Achié Jean Régis Krah koffi Léopold Kouassi kouamé Jean-Eric Bénié Adoubs Célestin Kouassi Aya Adelaïde Natacha Ochou Jr Pierre Germain Digbeu Ogou Kevin Elie Traoré Ibrahim Traoré Abdoul Massandjé Norah Soro Zolopégué Marcel Blé Gbalé Yannick Akpro Sédy Louess De Randolphe Kodo Michel Orthopaedics-Traumatology Department of the University Hospital of Bouaké (Cô te d’Ivoire)/Alassane Ouattara University Bouake Ivoiry Coast Paediatric Surgery Unit of the CHU of Bouaké (Cô te d’Ivoire)/Alassane Ouattara University Bouake Ivoiry Coast

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are common in children but rarely severe. Their treatment varies according to the type of injury observed. The aim was to describe the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of severe musculoskeletal injuries in children during play. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the Orthopaedic-Traumatology Department and the Paediatric Surgery Unit of the University Hospital of Bouaké between January 2018 and December 2020. It concerned patients less than 16 years of age hospitalised for more than 24 hours for a musculoskeletal trauma following a gambling accident. The variables studied were epidemiological and therapeutic. Results: A total of 53 patients were collected. The frequency was 2.9%. The mean age was 9 ± 3.99 years. There were 38 (71.7%) boys and 15 (28.3%) girls. The sex ratio was 2.5. The patients were attending school in 79.3% (n = 42). The circumstances of occurrence were dominated by falls during play accidents (n = 35;66%). Football was observed in 93.5% (n = 49). The thoracic limb (n = 35;66%) was the preferred site of these injuries. The injuries were closed (86.7%) with a predominance of forearm fractures (n = 22;41.6%). The average hospital stay was 2.8 ± 1.4 days. Most of the patients were treated orthopedically (n = 37;69.9%). The evolution was favourable without complications. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal injuries during play were infrequent (2.9%). The circumstances were dominated by falls during play. The injuries were mainly closed fractures, most of which were treated orthopedically.

关键词： Children Fractures Musculoskeletal Trauma Orthopaedic Treatment