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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2023年第1期13卷 1-28页

作者： Solène marie Kayla l.Frost Raymond K.hau lucy Martinez-Guerrero Jailyn M.Izu Cassandra M.Myers Stephen h.Wright Nathan J.Cherrington College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology&ToxicologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA College of Medicine Department of PhysiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

The liver plays a central role in the pharmacokinetics of drugs through drug metabolizing enzymes and ***-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASh)causes disease-specific alterations to the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion(ADME)processes,including a decrease in protein expression of basolateral uptake transporters,an increase in efflux transporters,and modifications to enzyme *** can result in increased drug exposure and adverse drug reactions(ADRs).Our goal was to predict drugs that pose increased risks for ADRs in NASh *** research identified 71 drugs with reported ADRs in patients with liver disease,mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD),54 of which are known substrates of transporters and/or metabolizing *** NASh is the progressive form of NAFlD but is most frequently undiagnosed,we identified other drugs at risk based on NASh-specific alterations to ADME ***,we present another list of 71 drugs at risk of pharmacokinetic disruption in NASh,based on their transport and/or metabolism *** encompasses drugs from various pharmacological classes for which ADRs may occur when used in NASh patients,especially when eliminated through multiple pathways altered by the ***,these results may inform clinicians regarding the selection of drugs for use in NASh patients.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis hepatic elimination Transporter Enzyme Pharmacokinetics Drug-drug interaction liver Adverse drug reaction

Clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive esophagitis:Insights from patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy in resource-limited Ethiopia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第34期30卷 3883-3893页

作者： Firehiwot A Mengistie Abate b Shewaye Abel T Tasamma Zekarias S Ayalew Department of Internal Medicine Addis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia Department of Internal Medicine Rheum Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Specialty ClinicAddis Ababa 1000Addis AbabaEthiopia Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Internal MedicineAdera Medical and Surgical CenterAddis Ababa 1000Addis AbabaEthiopia

bACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is a common disease worldwide with varying clinical presentations and risk *** data for Africa is lacking,but an increasing trend is expected due to demographic and epidemiological *** endoscopic studies for general gastrointestinal disorders have shown some patients with erosive esophagitis(EE),no studies in Ethiopia have investigated the clinical characteristics,risk factors,and severity of GERD using esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD).AIM To assess the clinical features of GERD in Ethiopian patients who underwent EGD and determine the severity and risk factors of *** We conducted a multicenter,retrospective cross-sectional study of 221 patients diagnosed with GERD and endoscopic findings of EE at Trauma Associated Severe hemorrhage and Amniotic Membrane Stem Cell between January 2019 and August *** were collected from electronic medical records and phone call *** used descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 26 to identify the association between variables with a statistical significance set at P valuehe mean±SD age of the patients was 44.8(±15.9)years,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:*** most commonly reported symptom was epigastric pain(80.5%),followed by heartburn(43%).los Angeles(lA)-A EE was diagnosed in 71.1%of patients,followed by lA-b(14.9%),lA-C(7.7%),and lA-D(5.9%).Multivariate analysis showed that age 50 or above,presence of bleeding,and endoscopic findings of duodenitis/duodenopathy were significantly associated with severe EE(Pbarrett’s esophagus were observed in 4.5%and 1.36%of patients with EE,*** Most of the patients had milder EE with fewer ***,severe EE was more prevalent in older patients and those with duodenitis/duodenopathy.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Erosive esophagitis hiatal hernia Esophagogastroduodenoscopy heart burn

building the Capacity of health Professionals in Monitoring and Evaluation in a Public health Institution: Experience of the National Institute of Public health (NIPh) of Côte d’Ivoire

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health 2024年第8期16卷 731-749页

作者： Esme marie laure Essis N’guetta Mathilde Manouan Anna-Corine Estell liema bissouma Ethmonia Kouamé Ekissi Orsot Tetchi Sagou Olivier Yayo Stephane Claon Yao Eugene Konan William Yavo Agbaya Stephane Oga Tenenan Jean marie Yeo Joseph Aka National Institute of Public health Abidjan Cte dIvoire Cellule de Recherche en Sant de la Reproduction de Cte dIvoire (CRESAR-CI) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Public health and biostatistics UFR of Medical Sciences Felix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Public health UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Felix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

background: In the context of the fight against hIV, a lack of skills in monitoring and evaluating the personnel in charge of activities has been identified at the national level. It was the subject of a priority axis of the national plan for monitoring and evaluating the fight against hIV (2006-2010) that was aimed at strengthening the capacities of actors in this area. To increase the critical mass of competent human resources in the short term, the National Institute of Public health (NIPh) of Côte d’Ivoire organized monitoring and evaluation training sessions for healthcare professionals from 2011 to 2016. Methods: A single case study with multiple levels of analysis was carried out, combining a qualitative survey and a literature review. An evaluation was carried out six months after each training session. In addition, the results of the pre- and post-tests and of the daily and final evaluations that accompanied the various training sessions were used to provide further information. The qualitative data collected were analyzed using INVIVO 15 software. Results: Some 89 health professionals (69% men and 31% women) working at the national level (51% at the central level, including 58% in health programs) and in development partner agencies (37%) participated in this capacity building program. Most participants were senior health managers (56%), data managers (23%), and statisticians and computer scientists (10%). Almost all the trainings were financed by 16 technical and financial partners (85%), mainly the MEASURE Evaluation project (27%). Conclusion: M&E training, despite all its imperfections, has made it possible to identify M&E training needs at the national level and to increase the critical mass of national skills and to have some culture in M&E.

关键词： Short-Term Training Capacity building Monitoring and Evaluation health Professional Africa Côte d’Ivoire

Pregnancy and Obstetrical Outcomes Following Treatment for Cervical Intra-Epithelial neoplasia (CIN) in Two hospitals of a low-Resource Country

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第1期12卷 51-59页

作者： bruno Kenfack Clovis-Achille Tanekeu Atem bethel Ajong Zabdielle blonde Goufack Kenfack Patrick Petignat Pierre marie Tebeu Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science University of Dschang Dschang Camer-on Institur Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Kekem MD District Hospital West Region Cameroon Department of Epidemiology and Public health Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameron Geneva University hospitals Genevas Switzerland Faculty of Medicine and biomedical Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

Objective: In Cameroon, more than 80% of women suffering from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are within the reproductive age. This study intended to analyze the pregnancy outcomes following cervical treatment in Cameroon. Methods: This was a cohort study with two years retrospective data collection involving 82 women who underwent cervical treatment for CIN in two Cameroonian hospitals from January 2015 to December 2017. Data were collected from CIN treatment to end of pregnancy where applicable. Data analysis was done using Epi Info software version 3.5.4. Results: We collected data from 82 patients aged 27 to 48 years, with a mean age of 36.5 (SD: 5.3) years. During the study period, 33 out of 82 participants became pregnant 40.2 [29.56 - 51.66]%. The factor associated with pregnancy occurrence after treatment was age less than 35 years (Odds ratio = 4.37 [1.7 - 11.2]. From the 33 pregnancies recorded, 17 (51.5%) ended in a delivery, amongst which 15 (88.2%) were vaginal. Conclusion: Pregnancy frequency over two years following cervical treatment for CIN was relatively good, and younger women (age 35 years) were significantly more like to have conceived compared to their older counterparts. Post-treatment delivery outcomes seem to be similar to those in the general population.

关键词： Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia Cervical Treatment Pregnancy Outcome

The Support Systems and Coping Strategies of Infertile Women Attending the Out-Patient Consultation Unit of ChRACERh Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 869-887页

作者： Emenguele Pascale Mpono Fidelia Mbi Kobenge Gabrielle laure Mengne Etienne belinga Jean marie Kasia Thomas Obinchemti Egbe Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHRACERH Yaound Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

background: Infertility is a complex disorder with significant psycho-social and economic consequences. It globally affects 10% - 15% of couples. In Cameroon, little is known about what women do to overcome the psychosocial aspects of the disease. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the support systems and coping strategies of infertile women attending the outpatient consultation unit of the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Reproductive Teaching hospital (ChRACERh), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from the 14th of March to the 6th of April 2023 at ChRACERh Yaoundé. A total of 190 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, support systems and coping strategies were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Descriptive and analytic statistics were conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of participants was 39.52 ± 7.64 years. The majority 78.9% of participants were workers (public, private sector, or traders) and were Christians 95.8%. The most common source of psychological support was from family 76.8 and husbands 72.63%. Most of the participants 89.5% resorted to prayer and getting busy 48.4% as a coping strategy. There was no statistically significant relationship between coping strategies and psychological disorders p > 0.05. Conclusion: The main support system of participants was family, husband, and friends. Prayer, getting busy and adoption were the most common coping strategies. There is a need for the Ministry of Public health and other stakeholders to put in place other support systems and coping strategies (FElICIA) used elsewhere and provide adequate health education and infection control to prevent infertility in Cameroon.

关键词： Infertility Coping Strategies Support Systems Mental health Women

Risk Factors Recurrence of Spontaneous Ascitic Fluid Infection (Slai) in Cirrhotic Patients

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期14卷 249-260页

作者： Diallo Mamadou Sarifou Ottou Onana Christian lionel Soro Dramane Youssouf Oumarou Yaogo Abdoulatif lohoues-Kouacou marie Jeanne hepato-Gastroenterology Department The Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea hepato Gastroenterology Department Cocody University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Community University hospital Center of bangui Internal Medicine Department Bangui African hepato Gastroenterology Department Angr University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast

Introduction: After an episode of spontaneous infection of ascitic fluid (ISlA). The recurrence of ISlA at one year is greater than 70%. We studied the risk factors associated with the occurrence of recurrence. Patients and methods: this was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of patient files, hospitalized in the department for 12 months, the choice of the sample was of convenience. Results: We have 1347 patient files collected including 389 cases of cirrhosis. We had 37 files of cirrhotic patients with ISlA including 28 cures without recurrence of ISlA, 08 files of patients with recurrence of ISlA and 03 excluded, i.e. a hospital prevalence of recurrence of 0.6% and a prevalence in cirrhotic patients of 23.5%. The most common antecedents were: hospital contact recent (35.3%), the concept of iterative ascites punctures (32.3%), the presence of hCC (29.4%), hepatic encephalopathy (20.6%) and digestive hemorrhage (14.7%). In univariate analysis, recent digestive bleeding was associated with an increased risk of recurrence (OR 7.2, 95% CI 0.96 - 67.1). hbV (62.5%) is the main etiology of cirrhosis. The PNN rate at 250 - 499 mm3 (62.5%), the protein level 3 (75%). Patients on secondary prophylaxis with NORFlOXACIN were 25%. Recurrence of ISlA was treated with CEFTRIAXOne 2 g/24 hours. Conclusion: Recurrence of ISlA is serious, the predictive factors for recurrence are, hospital contact recent, the concept of iterative ascites punctures, the presence of hCC, the presence of hepatic encephalopathy and digestive bleeding.

关键词： Antibiotic Cirrhosis Risk factors Spontaneous Ascitic Fluid Infection Recurrence

The Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity and Related Comorbidities among hIV-Positive and hIV-negative Patients Attending the Same Clinics in Gaborone, botswana

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 523-540页

作者： Jose Gaby Tshikuka Matshwenyego boitshwarelo Shimeles Genna hamda Roy Tapera Ngoyi Kashiba Zacharie bukonda marie Esako Onokoko Department of Family Medicine and Public health Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana Department of Nursing Science Faculty of Health Sciences National Pedagogical University Kinshasa I Congo Department of Public health Faculty of Medicine University of Mbuji-Mayi Mbuji-Mayi Congo School of Public health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

Context: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps restore the health status of people living with hIV (PlhIV). likewise, it increases the risk of overweight/obesity and related comorbidities among the recipients. In countries like botswana where ±84% of PlhIV is on ART, the paucity of data comparing overweight/obesity between hIV-positive on ART and hIV-negative patients may impede clinical and policy decision-making. This study sought to estimate and compare: i) the prevalence of overweight/obesity between hIV-positive on ART and hIV-negative patients;ii) the prevalence of hypertension (hTN), diabetes mellitus (DM)/coronary heart disease (ChD) between hIV-positive patients on ART and hIV-negative patients attending same outpatient departments of general clinics in Gaborone, botswana. Patients and Methods: Five hundred eighty-one (581) outpatients were recruited in four major clinics of Gaborone, botswana, between June and July 2019;294 or 51% of them were hIV-negative and 287 or 49% were hIV-positive on ART. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and of hTN and DM/ChD were calculated and examined using stratified analysis. Subgroups were compared using Chi-square analysis with Yates correction or Fisher exact test and t-student test for continuous data. Results: Major findings after stratification of the study population by hIV status were: i) the prevalence of all categories of (bMI), including overweight/obesity, were comparable between hIV-negative-patients and hIV-positive. In fact, there were 24 (8.0%) cases of underweight among hIV-negative-Patients and 15(5%) cases among hIV-positive patients, p = 0.2;145 (49%) hIV-negative-patients and 128 (45%) hIV-positive, p = 0.07 cases of normal weight;72 (25%) hIV-negative-patients and 87 (30%) hIV-positive, p = 0.08, were overweight;53 (18%) hIV-negative-patients and 57 (20%) hIV-positive, p = 0.12, were obese;125 (43%) hIV-negative patients and 144 (50%) hIV-positive, p=0.06 were overweight/obese;ii) the prevalence of hTN a

关键词： Overweight/Obesity Related Comorbidities hIV-Positive hIV-negative

Changes in fat but not fruit and vegetable intakes linked with body weight change in Mexican women immigrants in Quebec

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health 2013年第7期5卷 52-59页

作者： Elsa-Patricia Olivares-Navarrete Anne-marie hamelin hélène Jacques Department of Food Science and Nutrition Laval University Quebec Canada

The objective of the present study was to identify dietary parameters for predicting body weight change (ΔbW) in Mexican-born women (Mexicans) following immigration to Quebec City, Canada. Methods: Changes in fruit (ΔF), vegetable (ΔV), fruit and vegetable (ΔFV), and fat (ΔFat) intake were assessed according to post-immigration periods (1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-20 years) using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measures were also conducted in 87 Mexicans (study group) and 88 native-born Quebecers (comparison group) aged 18-65 years. Associations were calculated using full and partial robust regression models adjusting for potential confounders (origin, education, income, age, length of residence in Quebec City). Results: There was no difference in ΔbW between the groups. body weight (bW) increased significantly in both Mexican (5.5 ± 0.9 kg, P bec women (4.7 ± 0.8 kg, P bW was positively correlated with ΔFat (β = 0.03, P = 0.003), but not correlated with origin, ΔF, or ΔV. ΔbW was negatively associated with education (β = –4.33, P = 0.007) and positively associated with length of residence (β = 0.3, P = 0.003). Partial models indicated ΔF (β = –1.35, P β = –1.04, P = 0.0001), and ΔFV (β = –2.27, P h origin, whereas net annual household income (β = 0.16, P = 0.04) was positively associated with ΔFat. Conclusions: Change in body weight could be predicted by length of residence, education, and change in fat intake in Mexican immigrant women and native-born Quebecers whereas changes in fruit and vegetable intakes could be predicted by Mexican or Quebec origin.

关键词： Fruit and Vegetable Intake Fat Intake body Weight Immigration Mexican Women

Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Assessment of Imperata cylindrica (l.) P. beauv. (Poaceae) Raw Extracts with brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality Assay

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2022年第8期10卷 153-171页

作者： Anne marie léticia Konan koffi Julien Golly Adou koffi Mathieu Kra Amissa Augustin Adima Essis Esmel Claude lohoues biochemistry Department Medical Sciences Faculty Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire laboratory of the biology of Immunity Center Pasteur Institute Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Pharmacodynamics biochemical laboratory Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Research Department Water Chemicals and Natural Substances INP-HB Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

background: herbal medicinal preparations are used as dietary supplements for disease prevention and as alternative/complementary medicine. The growing interest in herbal medicine raises the question of its safety and efficacy. Numerous recorded cases of intoxication and toxicological studies reveal that medicinal plants can be toxic, which hinders their safe use. Plant intoxications related to a variety of factors include plant organs and many extraction solvents. little toxicological data on medicinal plants is available. The need to investigate is important for safe use. Imperata cylindrica, a poaceae, is one of the medicinal plants for which few toxicological data are available. Materials & Methods: To expand toxicological data, water, 70% ethanol, and 30% acetone extracts of the leaves and roots, obtained by maceration and reflux methods, were used for phytochemicals molecules qualitative detection and toxicity test by the brine shrimp lethality assay. Results: The qualitative analysis of the different extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenolic compounds, saponins, and polyterpenoids. The toxicity endpoint was lethal concentration 50 (lCb>50b>). The leaves’ extracts lCb>50b> was between 489.78 μg/ml and 1066.6 μg/ml. As for the root extracts, the lCb>50b> was between 341.98 μg/ml and 1530 μg/ml. Discussion: The different compounds’ presence justifies the use of Imperata cylindrica as a medicinal plant. According to Clarkson classification the root extracts are moderately toxic (lCb>50b>: 168.47 μg/ml), and leaf extracts are weakly toxic (lCb>50b>: 527.25 μg/ml). The extrapolation made in relation to the Gosselin, Smith, and hodge scale, allows us to characterize the Imperata cylindrica root and leaf extracts as non-toxic to humans by oral route. Conclusion: This result can be a base for more precise toxicological studies.

关键词： Imperata cylindrica Poaceae Phytochemical Analyses Cytotoxicity Artemia salina

“全球发展倡议”视域下中国与突尼斯的抗疫合作

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阿拉伯世界研究 2024年第2期 3-23,157页

作者：钮松 [突尼斯]梅丽安上海外国语大学中东研究所上海200083 上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院、中东研究所上海200083

“阿拉伯之春”和新冠肺炎疫情的叠加对突尼斯的经济与社会发展造成巨大冲击,打造卫生健康共同体和发展共同体成为中国与突尼斯抗疫合作的逻辑与目标。“全球发展倡议”对于战胜疫情和复苏经济做出了明晰的规划与部署,对于中国与突尼斯... 详细信息

“阿拉伯之春”和新冠肺炎疫情的叠加对突尼斯的经济与社会发展造成巨大冲击,打造卫生健康共同体和发展共同体成为中国与突尼斯抗疫合作的逻辑与目标。“全球发展倡议”对于战胜疫情和复苏经济做出了明晰的规划与部署,对于中国与突尼斯以南南合作为实质的抗疫合作形成了新的助力作用。中国对突尼斯的医疗援助已走过50余年历程。就中突抗疫合作的路径而言,中国一方面将常规援突医疗队的职能扩大到兼顾对突应急抗疫合作,并实现多批援突医疗队的正常轮换,做到了常规合作与应急合作的结合;另一方面基于疫苗多边主义,向突尼斯适时应急提供新冠疫苗。中突抗疫合作不仅对于突尼斯疫情缓解和疫苗接种率的提升起到了重要作用,提升了中突政治互信,而且也助力中突关系朝着更深广的领域发展,如数字经济、文化合作和绿色发展合作等。中突抗疫合作事实上促进了两国卫生健康共同体与发展共同体建设,并助力推进双边关系取得更大发展。

关键词：中国突尼斯抗疫合作全球发展倡议南南合作