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Supplementing oat hulls to the diet of suckling piglets altered their intestinal tract and colonic microbiota development

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 284-296页

作者： Hubèrt M.J.van Hees koen Chiers Leo A.den Hartog Theo A.T.G.van Kempen Dominiek Maes Sam Millet Geert P.J.Janssens Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Trouw Nutrition Research and Development Amersfoortthe Netherlands Department of Pathology Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Animal Nutrition Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Reproduction Obstetrics and Herd HealthGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium ILVO(Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food)MelleBelgium

Current study evaluated the effect of a fine and coarsely ground insoluble dietary fibre source on the gastrointestinal development of suckling *** hulls(OH)were selected as a model feedstuff,rich in cellulose,lignin,and insoluble dietary *** experimental supplemental diets were formulated:a finely ground,low fibre and nutrient dense diet served as control(CON).For the 2 high fibre diets,15%heat-treated starch in CON was exchanged with OH,either finely(OH-f)or coarsely ground(OH-c).Litters of 10 primi-and multiparous sows(mean litter size 14.6±0.84)were *** a litter,experimental diets were allotted to triplets of 4 *** approximately 12 d of age,piglets’individual feed intakes were recorded 2 times per day when separated from their dam for 70 *** could suckle with their dam for the remainder of the *** d 24 and 25,from the total pool of 120 piglets,seven healthy well-eating piglets per treatment were selected for post-mortem evaluation,resulting in 14 replicates per *** of OH-c and OH-f did not impede clinical health and production performance of *** full stomach weights tended to be greater for OH-c compared to OH-f whereas CON was intermediate(P=0.083).Supplementing OH significantly increased ileal villus height and caecal dry matter concentration(P<0.05).For the colon,OH increased its length,contents weight,short-chain fatty acid concentration and reduced total bacterial count as well asγ-proteobacteria count and proportion(P<0.05).The OH-c treatment specifically increased full gastrointestinal tract weight and caecum contents weight compared to piglets fed CON and ***,OH-c reduced colonic crypt depth when compared to OH-f(P=0.018).In conclusion,supplementing OH to a diet for suckling piglets exerted subtle developmental effects on gastrointestinal morphology and colonic microbial *** effects were largely independent from the particle size of the OH.

关键词： Oat hull Insoluble fibre Gastrointestinal development Suckling piglet

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Regulation of intestinal permeability: The role of proteases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第12期23卷 2106-2123页

作者： Hanne Van Spaendonk Hannah Ceuleers Leonie Witters Eveline Patteet Jurgen Joossens koen Augustyns Anne-Marie Lambeir Ingrid De Meester Joris G De Man Benedicte Y De Winter Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Antwerp Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Antwerp Drug Discovery Network University of Antwerp Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry University of Antwerp

The gastrointestinal barrier is-with approximately 400 m^2-the human body's largest surface separating the external environment from the internal milieu. This barrier serves a dual function: permitting the absorption of nutrients, water and electrolytes on the one hand, while limiting host contact with noxious luminal antigens on the other hand. To maintain this selective barrier, junction protein complexes seal the intercellular space between adjacent epithelial cells and regulate the paracellular transport. Increased intestinal permeability is associated with and suggested as a player in the pathophysiology of various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease and type 1 diabetes. The gastrointestinal tract is exposed to high levels of endogenous and exogenous proteases, both in the lumen and in the mucosa. There is increasing evidence to suggest that a dysregulation of the protease/antiprotease balance in the gut contributes to epithelial damage and increased permeability. Excessive proteolysis leads to direct cleavage of intercellular junction proteins, or to opening of the junction proteins via activation of protease activated receptors. In addition, proteases regulate the activity and availability of cytokines and growth factors, which are also known modulators of intestinal permeability. This review aims at outlining the mechanisms by which proteases alter the intestinal permeability. More knowledge on the role of proteases in mucosal homeostasis and gastrointestinal barrier function will definitely contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets for permeability-related diseases.

关键词： Intestinal permeability Intestinal barrier Tight junction Paracellular permeability Proteases Proteinase-activated receptor Protease inhibitor Antiproteases

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Visceral hypersensitivity in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome: The role of proteases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10275-10286页

作者： Hannah Ceuleers Hanne Van Spaendonk Nikita Hanning Jelena Heirbaut Anne-Marie Lambeir Jurgen Joossens koen Augustyns Joris G De Man Ingrid De Meester Benedicte Y De Winter Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology University of Antwerp Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry University of Antwerp Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Antwerp Drug Discovery Network University of Antwerp

Proteases, enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, are present at high concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract. Besides their well-known role in the digestive process, they also function as signaling molecules through the activation of protease-activated receptors(PARs). Based on their chemical mechanism for catalysis, proteases can be classified into several classes: serine, cysteine, aspartic, metallo- and threonine proteases represent the mammalian protease families. In particular, the class of serine proteases will play a significant role in this review. In the last decades, proteases have been suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity, which is a major factor contributing to abdominal pain in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and/or irritable bowel syndrome. So far, only a few preclinical animal studies have investigated the effect of protease inhibitors specifically on visceral sensitivity while their effect on inflammation is described in more detail. In our accompanying review we describe their effect on gastrointestinal permeability. On account of their promising results in the field of visceral hypersensitivity, further research is warranted. The aim of this review is to give an overview on the concept of visceral hypersensitivity as well as on the physiological and pathophysiological functions of proteases herein.

关键词： Proteases Proteinase-activated receptors Protease inhibitors Visceral hypersensitivity Visceral pain Irritable bowel syndrome Inflammatory bowel diseases

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Intracellular Delivery of mRNA in Adherent and Suspension Cells by Vapor Nanobubble Photoporation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第12期12卷 404-420页

作者： Laurens Raes Stephan Stremersch Juan CFraire Toon Brans Glenn Goetgeluk Stijn De Munter Lien Van Hoecke Rein Verbeke Jelter Van Hoeck Ranhua Xiong Xavier Saelens Bart Vandekerckhove Stefaan De Smedt koen Raemdonck Kevin Braeckmans Laboratory of General Biochemistry&Physical Pharmacy Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Cancer Research Institute Ghent(CRIG) 9000 GhentBelgium Department of Diagnostic Sciences Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology 9052 GhentBelgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium

Efficient and safe cell engineering by transfection of nucleic acids remains one of the long-standing hurdles for fundamental biomedical research and many new therapeutic applications,such as CAR T cell-based *** has recently gained increasing attention as a more safe and versatile alternative tool over viral-or DNA transposon-based approaches for the generation of adoptive T ***,limitations associated with existing nonviral mRNA delivery approaches hamper progress on genetic engineering of these hard-to-transfect immune *** this study,we demonstrate that gold nanoparticle-mediated vapor nanobubble(VNB)photoporation is a promising upcoming physical transfection method capable of delivering mRNA in both adherent and suspension *** transfection experiments on HeLa cells showed the importance of transfection buffer and cargo concentration,while the technology was furthermore shown to be effective for mRNA delivery in Jurkat T cells with transfection efficiencies up to 45%.Importantly,compared to electroporation,which is the reference technology for nonviral transfection of T cells,a fivefold increase in the number of transfected viable Jurkat T cells was ***,our results point toward the use of VNB photoporation as a more gentle and efficient technology for intracellular mRNA delivery in adherent and suspension cells,with promising potential for the future engineering of cells in therapeutic and fundamental research applications.

关键词： Transfection mRNA Photoporation Optoporation Gold nanoparticles Vapor nanobubbles

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Fostering social innovation and building adaptive capacity for dengue control in Cambodia: a case study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第5期9卷 93-104页

作者： Pierre Echaubard Chea Thy Soun Sokha Set Srun Claudia Nieto-Sanchez koen Peters Grietens Noel R.Juban Jana Mier-Alpano Sucelle Deacosta Mojgan Sami Leo Braack Bernadette Ramirez Jeffrey Hii SOAS University London Thornhaugh StreetLondon WC1H 0XGUK Malaria Consortium Phnom PenhCambodia Institute of Tropical Medicine AntwerpBelgium Social Innovation and Health Initiatives University of the PhilipinesManillaPhilippines California State University FullertonUSA UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases GenevaSwitzerland Australian Institute of Tropical Health&Medicine James Cook University of North QueeslandTownsvilleQLDAustralia

Background:The social-ecological systems theory,with its unique conception of resilience(social-ecological systems&resilience,SESR),provides an operational framework that currently best meets the need for integration and adaptive governance as encouraged by the Sustainable Development *** accounts for the complex dynamics of social-ecological systems and operationalizes transdisciplinarity by focusing on community engagement,value co-creation,decentralized leadership and social *** Social Innovation(SI)in the context of implementation research for vector-borne diseases(VBD)control offers a low-cost strategy to contribute to lasting and contextualized community engagement in disease control and health development in low and middle income countries of the global *** this article we describe the processes of community engagement and transdisciplinary collaboration underpinning community-based dengue management in rural primary schools and households in two districts in ***:Multiple student-led and community-based interventions have been implemented focusing on empowering education,communication for behavioral change and participatory epidemiology mapping in order to engage Cambodian communities in dengue *** describe in particular the significance of the participatory processes that have contributed to the design of SI products that emerged following iterative consultations with community stakeholders to address the dengue ***:The SI products that emerged following our interaction with community members are 1)adult mosquito traps made locally from solid waste collections,2)revised dengue curriculum with hands-on activities for transformative learning,3)guppy distribution systems led by community members,4)co-design of dengue prevention communication material by students and community members,5)community ***:The initiative described in this article put in motion processes of community engagemen

关键词： Social-ecological system Community engagement Transdisciplinarity Health development Sustainability Integrated vector management Social innovation in health

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Design of Metal-Organic Assemblies via Shape Complementarity and Conformational Constraints in Dual Curvature Ligands

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第11期5卷 2506-2518页

作者： Cui-Lian Liu Eduard O.Bobylev Sébastien Dauriac Brice Kauffmann koen Robeyns Yann Garcia Joost N.H.Reek Michael L.Singleton Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences Universitécatholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve 1348 Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1098 XH Universitéde Bordeaux CNRS INSERMUMS3033Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie(IECB)33600 Pessac

While common in biological systems,building blocks with low symmetry and flexibility pose numerous problems for synthetic self-assembly,such as the formation of isomers of assemblies that are difficult to distinguish and *** this work,three aromatic amide-based ligands(L1–L3)with a central 1,8-diazatriptycene core were designed and used for selfassembly with Pd^(2+).While hundreds of stereoisomers based on the conformational flexibility around the amides and the unsymmetrical nonplanar structure of the core are possible upon coordination with the metal,the constraints designed into the ligands direct the self-assembly toward only a single Pd_(2)L_(4)cage(L1)or Pd_(4)L_(8)double-walled metallomacrocycle(L2)structure,even in mixtures of the *** structural approach and the modularity of the ligand synthesis affords ready access to deep cavitands with endohedral functionalization(L3).These results highlight the potential of this new design strategy and open the door to selectively functionalized cavity-based architectures for numerous applications.

关键词： metal-organic cageopis isomer selectivity low-symmetry ligands self-sorting self-assembly

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图像处理技术在城市建筑太阳能规划设计中的应用

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重庆大学学报（自然科学版） 2007年第8期30卷 95-100页

作者：李百战姚润明罗庆 koen Steemers 重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重庆400030 英国剑桥大学马丁建筑与城市研究中心

介绍了一种将数字图像处理技术应用于城市建筑规划设计中太阳辐射能的利用与分析的方法。阐述了将建筑规划CAD图形分别转换成真彩色图像、建筑数字高度模型、阴影图像,进而进行太阳直射辐射能量在建筑群中的不同时刻分布计算和分析的过... 详细信息

介绍了一种将数字图像处理技术应用于城市建筑规划设计中太阳辐射能的利用与分析的方法。阐述了将建筑规划CAD图形分别转换成真彩色图像、建筑数字高度模型、阴影图像,进而进行太阳直射辐射能量在建筑群中的不同时刻分布计算和分析的过程,其目的是对城市建筑群规划中太阳直射辐射能量的分布,建筑采光与建筑高度和位置的关系作前期分析,提出合理的建筑高度参数及布局的参考值。这种基于数字图像处理的方法对城市能效建筑规划设计提供了有用工具。

关键词：城市能效建筑规划数字图像处理建筑数字高度模型建筑采光太阳辐射能量

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Targeted STAT1 therapy for LZTR1-driven peripheral nerve sheath tumor

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Cancer Communications 2023年第12期43卷 1386-1390页

作者： Tonci Ivanisevic Mikhail Steklov Benoit Lechat Christopher Cawthorne Willy Gsell Greetje Vande Velde Christophe Deroose koen Van Laere Uwe Himmelreich Raj N Sewduth Anna A Sablina VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology VIB Leuven Belgium Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Biomedical MRI Department of Imaging and Pathology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Dear Editor,Schwannomas are peripheral nervous system tumors that cause chronic pain,numbness,and potentially lifethreatening organ *** is a conventional treatment for schwannoma ***,those who undergo surgery may experience neurological ***,the management of schwannomas can be problematic due to their unpredictable ***,there is a pressing need for nonsurgical treatments to manage both tumor growth and pain control.

关键词： STAT1 Surgery treatment

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Review on prevention of falls in hospital settings

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Chinese Nursing Research 2016年第1期3卷 7-10页

作者： Yuan-Yuan Gu koen Balcaen Yicheng Ni Jan Ampe Jan Goffin Department of Geriatric Medicine The First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University300 Guangzhou AvenueNanjingJiangsu210000China Faculty of Medicine KU LeuvenHerestraat 49B-3000LeuvenBelgium University Hospitals Leuven Herestraat 49B-3000LeuvenBelgium

This review will first cover the root causes of falls, identify preventive measures associated with these falls, and provide an overview of best practice of fall prevention at leading institutions. There is signif- icant benefit in instituting a comprehensive program to reduce falls. After analyzing the results from many successful programs, it is apparent that an integrative program that consists of patient evaluations, environmental modification, and staff training can lead to a significant reduction in the overall preva- lence of falls. Such programs can be implemented at a low cost and therefore represent an improvement in care with a high return on investment.

关键词： Hospital settingsFallFall preventionIntervention

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自动化的液体分馏

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实验与分析 2016年第2期 20-22页

作者： koen Sandra Kortrijk市色谱技术研究所

在对新陈代谢学的研究中，常常要面对大量检测样本．以便能从样本集中找出统计学差异。现如今，样本制备的自动化给我们带来了很多惊喜，也许能够帮助您降低检测波动的幅度。

关键词：自动化分馏液体新陈代谢样本制备样本集统计学检测

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