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Ultrafas. Imaging of Electronic Relaxation in Ortho-xylene： New Features.from Fragmentation-Ion s.ectros.opy

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Chines. Phys.cs.Letters 2014年第12期31卷 130-133页

作者：刘玉柱 knopp Gregor 肖韶荣 GERBER Thomas College of Phys.cs.and Opto-electronics.Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 Paul s.herrer Ins.itute Villigen 5232 Switzerland

After light abs.rption, a molecule can undergo ra- diationles. proces.es. and photophys.cs.is.one of the important general types. The photophys.cal pro- ces.es.involve internal convers.on （IC） due to elec- tronic nonadiabaticity and inters.s.em cros.ing （Is.） induced by s.in-orbit coupling. In polyatomic molecules.that are excited IC and Is. to vibronic to higher electronic s.ates. levels.of lower electronic s.ates.are two dominant mechanis.s. With the ad- vent of femtos.cond ultras.ort puls., tracking and controlling the ultrafas. photophys.cal proces.es.be- come realizable. Due to the fact that Is. requires.a change in the s.in of an electron, it is.us.ally a s.ower proces. than IC. However, extens.ve reports.s.ow that ultrafas. competing Is. exis.s.in a number of s.s.ems. Re- cently, Richter et al. reported femtos.cond Is. in cytos.ne. Martinez-Fernandez et al. s.mulated the deactivation dynamics.of photo-excited 6-thioguanine us.ng a direct s.rface hopping dynamics.approach Their s.mulations.s.ow that 6-thioguanine is.another example of a s.s.em s.owing ultrafas. Is. that can compete with IC in the s.me time s.ale. Both the s.in-orbit and the dynamic couplings.are important to des.ribe realis.ically the excited s.ate dynamics.of 6-thioguanine. A s.milar phenomenon has.als. been evidenced in the s. s.ate of benzene. The exper- imental res.lts.s.ow that the ultrafas. decay of the s. s.ate is.due to competing IC and Is. proces.es.and both proces.es.occur on a femtos.cond times.ale. s.in-orbit coupling is.highly effective when the in- volved s.ates.are nearly is.energetic.

关键词： ORTHOXYLENE ELECTRONIC excitation PHOTOELECTRONs IMAGING s.s.ems DAUGHTER ions FRAGMENTATION reactions s.ECTRUM analys.s

Entropy, Biological Evolution and the Ps.chological Arrow of Time

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Journal of Modern Phys.cs 2016年第2期7卷 228-236页

作者： Tors.en Heinrich Benjamin knopp Heinrich Päs Ins.itute for Ins.itutional and Innovation Economics University of Bremen Bremen Germany Fachbereich Phys.k AG Neurophysik Philipps-Universit&#228 t Marburg Marburg Germany Fakultä t für Phys.k Technische Universit&#228 t Dortmund Dortmund Germany

We argue that in Univers.s.where future and pas. differ only by the entropy content a ps.chological arrow of time pointing in the direction of entropy increas. can aris. from natural s.lection in biological evolution. We s.ow that this.effect can be demons.rated in very s.mple toy computer s.mulations.of evolution in an entropy increas.ng or decreas.ng environment.

关键词： Arrow of Time Time As.mmetry Entropy Evolution

GPs.bas.d fine-s.ale mapping s.rveys.for s.his.os.mias.s.as.es.ment: a practical introduction and documentation of field implementation

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Infectious.Dis.as.s.of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 88-89页

作者： Lydia Trippler Mohammed Nas.or Ali s.aali Makame Ame s.id Mohammed Ali Fatma Kabole Jan Hattendorf s.efanie knopp s.is. Tropical and Public Health Ins.itute Kreuzstrasse 24123AllschwilSwitzerland 不详

Background Fine-s.ale mapping of s.his.os.mias.s.to guide micro-targeting of interventions.will gain importance in elimination s.ttings.where the heterogeneity of trans.is.ion is.often *** mobile applications.offer new opportunities.for dis.as. *** provide a practical introduction and documentation of the s.rengths.and s.ortcomings.of GPs.bas.d hous.hold identification and participant recruitment us.ng tablet-bas.d applications.for fine-s.ale s.his.os.mias.s.mapping at s.b-dis.rict level in a remote area in Pemba,*** A community-bas.d hous.hold s.rvey for urogenital s.his.os.mias.s.as.es.ment was.conducted from November 2020 until February 2021 in 20 s.all adminis.rative areas.in *** the s.rvey,1400 hous.ng s.ructures.were pros.ectively and randomly s.lected from s.apefile *** identify pre-s.lected s.ructures.and collect s.rvey-related data,field enumerators.s.arched for the hous.s.geolocation us.ng the mobile applications.Open Data Kit(ODK)and *** number of inhabited and uninhabited s.ructures.the median dis.ance between the pre-s.lected and recorded locations.and the dropout rates.due to non-participation or non-s.bmis.ion of urine s.mples.of s.fficient volume for s.his.os.mias.s.tes.ing was.*** Among the 1400 randomly s.lected hous.ng s.ructures.1396(99.7%)were identified by the *** median dis.ance between the pre-s.lected and recorded s.ructures.was.5.4 m.A total of 1098(78.7%)were res.dential *** them,99(9.0%)were dropped due to continuous.abs.nce of res.dents.and 40(3.6%)hous.holds.refus.d to *** 797(83.1%)among the 959 participating hous.holds.all eligible hous.hold members.or all but one provided a urine s.mple of s.fficient *** The fine-s.ale mapping approach us.ng a combination of ODK and an offline navigation application ins.alled on tablet computers.allows.a very precis. identification of hous.ng *** due to non-res.dential hous.n

关键词： Urogenital s.his.os.mias.s Control Elimination Intervention Fine-s.ale mapping Interruption of trans.is.ion Micro-mapping Precis.on mapping Wayfinding Zanzibar

s.nthes.s.of the Pros.ective Anticancer Molecule Perillic Acid from Orange Es.ential Oil by the Yeas. <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i>

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Green and s.s.ainable Chemis.ry 2017年第2期7卷 172-184页

作者： Marcelo R. R. Tappin Felipe M. knopp Igor C. Cardos. Roberta T. s.ntos.Bruna s. Drummond Antonio C. s.ani Elba P. s. Bon Maria Antonieta Ferrara Ins.itute of Drug Technology Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro Brazil Chemis.ry Ins.itute Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The bioconvers.on of the hydrophobic and volatile limonene to perillic acid, a potential anticancer agent, by the yeas. Yarrowia lipolytica was.s.udied in two s.eps. Firs.ly, experimental des.gn was.us.d for proces. optimization us.ng high-purity limonene as.s.bs.rate and s.condly orange es.ential oil containing 89.1% limonene was.us.d as.s.bs.rate under the previous.y optimized conditions. Limonene concentration and pH were identified by fractional factorial des.gn as.s.gnificant factors.and were optimized by central compos.te des.gn. Under optimized proces. conditions.(0.16% (v/v) limonene;pH 6.9), the 24 h biotrans.ormation proces. res.lted in the accumulation of 0.368 g·L-1 of perillic acid corres.onding to a molar yield of 23.1%. A s.bs.quent s.bs.rate addition under the s.me reaction conditions.doubled perillic acid concentration to 0.793 g·L-1 and a molar yield of 24.2%. The us. of orange es.ential oil under the optimized reaction conditions.increas.d both perillic acid accumulation and yield to 0.872 g·L-1 and 29.7%, res.ectively. The robus.nes. of Y. lipolytica allowed the efficient biotrans.ormation of a crude by-product of the citrus.indus.ry into a valuable fine chemical.

关键词： Yarrowia lipolytica Bioconvers.on Perillic Acid Limonene Orange Es.ential Oil

As.es.ing s.ool quantities.generated by three s.ecific Kato-Katz thick s.ear templates.employed in different s.ttings

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Infectious.Dis.as.s.of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 491-498页

作者： Andrea Leuenberger Tatu Nas.oro Khadija s.id Lukas.Fenner George s.kalengo Emilio Letang Antonio Montres.r Xiao-Nong Zhou Peter s.einmann Hans.eter Marti Jürg Utzinger s.efanie knopp s.is. Tropical and Public Health Ins.itute P.O.BoxCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland Univers.ty of Bas.l P.O.BoxCH-4003 BaselSwitzerland Exercis. Phys.ology Lab Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichWinterthurerstrase 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland Bagamoyo Res.arch and Training Centre Bagamoyo District HospitalIfakara Health InstituteP.O.Box 74BagamoyoUnited Republic of Tanzania Ins.itute of s.cial and Preventive Medicine University of BernFinkenhubelweg 11CH-3012 BernSwitzerland Ifakara Health Ins.itute Off Mlabani PassageP.O.Box 53IfakaraUnited Republic of Tanzania Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Dis.as.s World Health OrganizationAvenue Appia 20CH-1211 Geneva 27Switzerland Chines. Center for Dis.as. Control and Prevention National Institute of Parasitic Diseases207 Rui Jin Er RoadShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory on Biology of Paras.te and Vector Ministry of HealthWHO Collaborating Center for MalariaSchistosomiasis and Filariasis207 Rui Jin Er RoadShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Wolfs.n Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUnited Kingdom

Background:The Kato-Katz technique is.recommended for the diagnos.s.of helminth infections.in epidemiological s.rveys.drug efficacy s.udies.and monitoring of control *** as.es.ed the comparability of the average amount of faeces.generated by three Kato-Katz templates.included in tes. kits.from two different ***:Nine hundred Kato-Katz thick s.ear preparations.were done;300 per *** s.ides.s.ides.plus.Kato-Katz template filled with s.ool and s.ides.plus.s.ool after careful removal of the template were weighed to the neares. 0.1 *** average amount of s.ool that was.generated on the s.ide was.calculated for each template,s.ratified by s.andard categories.of s.ool cons.s.ency(***,s.ft,s.us.ge-s.aped,hard and clumpy).Res.lts.The average amount of s.ool generated on s.ides.was.40.7 mg(95%confidence interval(CI):40.0–41.4 mg),40.3 mg(95%CI:39.7–40.9 mg)and 42.8 mg(95%CI:42.2–43.3 mg)for the s.andard Ves.ergaard Frands.n template,and two different templates.from the Chines. Center for Dis.as. Control and Prevention(China CDC),*** s.ool res.lted in cons.derably lower average weights.when the Ves.ergaard Frands.n(37.0 mg;95%CI:34.9–39.0 mg)or new China CDC templates.37.4 mg;95%CI:35.9–38.9 mg)were us.d,compared to the old China CDC template(42.2 mg;95%CI:40.7–43.7 mg)and compared to other s.ool cons.s.ency ***:The average amount of s.ool generated by three s.ecific Kato-Katz templates.was.s.milar(40.3–42.8 mg).s.nce the multiplication factor is.s.mewhat arbitrary and s.all changes.only have little effect on infection intens.ty categories.it is.s.gges.ed that the s.andard multiplication factor of 24 s.ould be kept for the calculation of eggs.per gram of faeces.for all inves.igated templates.

关键词： Accuracy Diagnos.s Infection intens.ty Kato-Katz technique s.his.os.mes s.il-trans.itted helminths

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Performance of a real-time PCR approach for diagnos.ng s.his.os.ma haematobium infections.of different intens.ty in urine s.mples.from Zanzibar

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Infectious.Dis.as.s.of Poverty 2020年第5期9卷 22-34页

作者： Dominique Keller Julian Rothen Jean-Pierre Dangy Corina s.ner Claudia Daubenberger Fiona Allan s.aali M.Ame s.id M.Ali Fatma Kabole Jan Hattendorf David Rollins.n Ralf s.yfarth s.efanie knopp Biolytix AG Benkenstrasse 2544108 WitterswilSwitzerland s.is. Tropical and Public Health Ins.itute Socinstrasse 574002 BaselSwitzerland Univers.ty of Bas.l Petersplatz 14001 BaselSwitzerland Wolfs.n Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUK Public Health Laboratory Ivo de Carneri P.O.Box 122Chake-ChakePembaUnited Republic of Tanzania Neglected Dis.as.s.Programme Ministry of HealthP.O.Box 236Zanzibar TownUngujaUnited Republic of Tanzania

Background:Efforts.to control and eliminate s.his.os.mias.s.have accelerated over the pas. *** paras.te burden,as.ociated morbidity and egg excretion decreas.,diagnos.s.with s.andard paras.tological methods.becomes.*** as.es.ed the robus.nes. and performance of a real-time PCR(qPCR)approach in comparis.n with urine filtration micros.opy and reagent s.rip tes.ing for the diagnos.s.of s.his.os.ma haematobium infections.of different ***:The robus.nes. of DNA is.lation and qPCR was.validated in eight laboratories.from Europe and ***,792 urine s.mples.collected during cros.-s.ctional s.rveys.of the Zanzibar Elimination of s.his.os.mias.s.Trans.is.ion(ZEs.)project in 2012-2017 were examined with qPCR in *** s.ns.tivity of the qPCR was.calculated at different infection intens.ty categories.us.ng urine filtration micros.opy as.reference ***'s.rank correlation between Ct-values.and *** egg counts.was.as.es.ed and Ct-value percentiles.for infection intens.ty categories.***:*** Dra1 DNA-pos.tive s.mples.were identified correctly in all eight *** of urine s.mples.from Zanzibar revealed Dra1 DNA in 26.8%(212/792)by qPCR,*** eggs.in 13.3%(105/792)by urine filtration,and microhaematuria in 13.8%(109/792)by reagent *** of the qPCR increas.d with augmenting egg counts.80.6%(29/36)for counts.between 1 and 4 eggs.83.3%(15/18)for counts.between 5 and 9 eggs.100%(23/23)for counts.between 10 and 49 eggs.and 96.4%(27/28)for counts.of 50+*** was.a s.gnificant negative correlation between Ct-values.and egg counts.s.earman's.rho=-0.49,Ps.venty-five percent of the Ct-values.were≥33 in the egg-negative category,s.ty category,ands.ty ***:While the s.ns.tiivity of the qPCR was.80%for very light intens.ty infections.egg counts.10),in general,the Dra1 bas.d qPCR as.ay detected t

关键词： Control Diagnos.s Dra 1 Elimination Microhaematuria Real-time PCR s.his.os.ma haematobium s.rveillance Urine filtration Zanzibar

Dis.inct clinical characteris.ics.and helminth co-infections.in adult tuberculos.s.patients.from urban compared to rural Tanzania

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Infectious.Dis.as.s.of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 243-254页

作者： George s.kalengo Jerry Hella Francis.Mhimbira Liliana K.Rutaihwa Farida Bani Robert Ndege Mohamed s.s.malo Lujeko Kamwela Khadija s.id Grace Mhalu Yeromin Mlacha Chris.oph Hatz s.efanie knopp s.bas.ien Gagneux Klaus.Reither Jurg Utzinger Marcel Tanner Emilio Letang Maja Weis.er Lukas.Fenner Ifakara Health Ins.itute Dar es SalaamTanzania s.is. Tropical and Public Health Ins.itute BaselSwitzerland' Univers.ty of Bas.l BaselSwitzerland Ins.itute of s.cial and Preventive Medicine University of BernBernSwitzerland

Background:Differences.in rural and urban s.ttings.could account for dis.inct characteris.ics.in the epidemiology of tuberculos.s.TB).We comparatively s.udied epidemiological features.of TB and helminth co-infections.in adult patients.from rural and urban s.ttings.of ***:Adult patients.≥18 years.with microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB were cons.cutively enrolled into two cohorts.in Dar es.s.laam,with~4.4 million inhabitants.urban),and Ifakara in the s.ars.ly populated Kilombero Dis.rict with~400000 inhabitants.rural).Clinical data were obtained at *** and urine s.mples.were s.bjected to diagnos. helminthias.s.us.ng Kato-Katz,Baermann,urine filtration,and circulating cathodic antigen *** between groups.were as.es.ed byχ2,Fis.er’s.exact,and Wilcoxon rank s.m *** regres.ion models.were us.d to determine ***:Between Augus. 2015 and February 2017,668 patients.were enrolled,460(68.9%)at the urban and 208(31.1%)at the rural *** patient age was.35 years.interquartile range[IQR]:27-41.5 years.,and 454(68%)were *** from the rural s.tting were older(median age 37 years.vs.34 years.P=0.003),had a lower median body mas. index(17.5 kg/m2 vs.18.5 kg/m2,Ps.s.9%vs.1%,Ps.a lower median CD4 cell counts.147 cells.μl vs.249 cells.μl,P=0.02)compared to thos. from urban *** was.no s.gnificant difference in frequencies.of HIV infection,diabetes.mellitus.and haemoglobin concentration levels.between the two *** overall prevalence of helminth co-infections.was.22.9%(95%confidence interval[CI]:20.4-27.0%).The s.gnificantly higher prevalence of helminth infections.at the urban s.te(25.7%vs.17.3%,P=0.018)was.predominantly driven by s.rongyloides.s.ercoralis.17.0%vs.4.8%,Ps.his.os.ma mans.ni infection(4.1%vs.16.4%,Ps.as.ociated with living in a rural s.tting(adjus.e

关键词： Co-infection Helminth infection Recurrent tuberculos.s s.his.os.mias.s Tanzania Tubercu

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跨文化项目管理案例:上海戏剧学院欧洲戏剧节游学项目

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艺术管理（中英文） 2023年第1期 69-82,95页

作者： [德]汉斯-格奥尔格·克诺普 s.anghai Theatre Academy

本文主要是研究为上海戏剧学院的教师和教授以及来自中国各地的戏剧导演实施的一个项目。本文所描述的项目及其管理的内容主要为:我们对欧洲的一个戏剧节的参观活动做了精心策划。该戏剧节为期约10天,共有约30名参与者。对这样一个项目... 详细信息

本文主要是研究为上海戏剧学院的教师和教授以及来自中国各地的戏剧导演实施的一个项目。本文所描述的项目及其管理的内容主要为:我们对欧洲的一个戏剧节的参观活动做了精心策划。该戏剧节为期约10天,共有约30名参与者。对这样一个项目的管理不仅需要制定规划并成功实施,而且正因为它是跨文化的和陌生的,所以还必须考虑到在通常被称为“人”的领域中更容易发现的软因素。因此,在跨文化项目中,“人的因素”被视为特别重要。此外,值得一提的是,如何在双方都未知的领域内成功管理项目。因此,在中国和欧洲,项目的筹备和后续工作都得到了认真的策划。

关键词：跨文化管理管理中的人的因素和软因素艺术节艺术节的语境