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数学译林 1995年第4期14卷 312-313,331页

作者： klein.,I 扬燕昌

Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第14期9卷 645-656页

作者： Michael I Lock Jonathan klein Hans T Chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo Department of Radiation Oncology London Regional Cancer ProgramUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Radiation Oncology Odette Cancer CentreSunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Department of Radiation Oncology the University of Texas Department of Radiation Oncology University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center

Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease *** offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor ***,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose *** article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy *** patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with ***,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special *** a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint *** to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ITV) expansions,non-gated ITV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or *** of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin ***,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies.

关键词： Hepatocellular 癌肝转移 4DCT 指导图象的放射疗法 Stereotactic 身体放射治疗

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半再生重整分子水平反应动力学模型

石油学报（石油加工） 2016年第4期32卷 748-753页

作者：周祥王杰广侯震 BENNET Craing A 马爱增 klein Michael T 郭锦标中国石化石油化工科学研究院北京100083 Energy Institute University of Delaware

根据实验数据建立了半再生重整分子水平反应动力学模型。模型包括305个C1-C12分子组分及864个化学反应,其中包括数十种烯烃及C6-C9所有芳烃异构体的生成与转化。以Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson（LHHW）方程模拟反应速率,采用线... 详细信息

根据实验数据建立了半再生重整分子水平反应动力学模型。模型包括305个C1-C12分子组分及864个化学反应,其中包括数十种烯烃及C6-C9所有芳烃异构体的生成与转化。以Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson（LHHW）方程模拟反应速率,采用线性自由能关联方法（LFER）获取动力学参数,利用实验数据对模型进行了校正及检验。结果表明,芳烃脱烷基速率较低,应区分于加氢裂化反应;芳烃甲基迁移速率不容忽视,对C8＋芳烃产物分布有影响;模型对贫、富芳烃2种原料在10组不同反应条件下的C5＋液收、正构烷烃和环烷烃产率的预测较为准确,对C6-C9芳烃组分产率（质量分数）的预测偏差平均值小于3%。

关键词：分子水平半再生重整动力学模型固定床

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多传感器数据融合理论及应用第二版

Coblation Intracapsular Tonsillectomy and Coblation Complete Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2004年

作者：（美）Lawrence A. klein 戴亚平等译

本书注重关注传感器数据融合领域的新进展，系统地介绍了多传感器系统的应用及优势，大气对信号的衰减作用，及人工神经网络等。

ISBN: (数字)7564001852

ISBN: (纸本)7564001852

本书注重关注传感器数据融合领域的新进展，系统地介绍了多传感器系统的应用及优势，大气对信号的衰减作用，及人工神经网络等。

关键词：传感器数据融合

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第5期4卷 350-355页

作者： Itzhak Braverman Alex Nemirovsky Adi klein Miriam Sarid Galit Avior Unit of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Hadera Israel Pediatric Department Hillel Yaffe Medical Center Hadera and The Faculty of Medicine The Technion Haifa Israel Western Galilee College Acco Israel

Objective: Total tonsillectomy and intracapsular tonsillectomy are common procedures for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of coblation intracapsular tonsillectomy (ICT) and coblation complete tonsillectomy (CT) as treatments for OSA. Study design: A retrospective study of all the children ages 2 - 18 years with OSA who underwent coblation intracapsular tonsillectomy (ICT) or coblation complete tonsillectomy (CT) from January 2007 to August 2010 by the same surgeons at one institution. Methods: Data were retrieved from children’s charts and from telephone interviews with children’s parents, regarding pre and postoperative OSA-18 scores, postoperative pain, postoperative complications, use of analgesic drugs, and time to return to a solid food diet. Results: All 43 children who underwent ICT and 37 children who underwent CT suffered from OSA before surgery, and none did postoperatively. There were no minor complications in the ICT group, compared to 13.5% in the CT group (p = 0.01). According to parental report, 72% and 21% suffered a low level of postoperative pain, and 9% and 33% severe pain in the ICT and CT groups, respectively. For these respective groups, 49% and 73% needed analgesic drugs (p < 0.05);and 65% and 35% ate solid food during the first 3 days post surgery. Conclusions: Both ICT and CT were safe, with few complications;however recovery was faster in the ICT group, as demonstrated by less pain, and more rapid return to a solid food diet.

关键词： Obstructive Sleep Apnea Tonsillectomy Coblation Intracapsular Tonsillectomy Pain Adenotonsillectomy Tonsillotomy

Argon-seeded plasma exposure and oxidation performance of tungsten-chromium-yttrium smart alloys

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Tungsten 2019年第2期1卷 159-168页

作者： Janina Schmitz Andrey M.Litnovsky Felix klein Xiaoyue Tan Uwe Breuer Marcin Rasinski Stephan Ertmer Arkadi Kreter Jesus Gonzalez-Julian Martin Bram Jan Willem Coenen Christian Linsmeier Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH Institut fuer Energie-und Klimaforschung52425 JuelichGermany Department of Applied Physics Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH Institut fuer Engineering und Analytik52425 JuelichGermany

Tungsten-chromium-yttrium(WCrY)smart alloys are foreseen as the first wall material for future fusion devices such as Demonstration Power Plant(DEMO).While suppressing W oxidation during accidental conditions,they should behave like pure W during plasma operation due to preferential sputtering of the lighter alloying elements Cr,Y,and W enrichment of the *** this paper,the erosion performance of WCrY and W samples simultaneously exposed to deuterium(D)plasma with the addition of 1%of the projectile ions being argon(Ar)ions at an ion energy of 120 eV is *** reference to the previous experiments at 120 eV in pure D plasma,the erosion for both WCrY and W is enhanced by a factor of~*** Ar to the D plasma suppresses significant W enrichment previously found for pure D *** investigate the impact of the plasma exposure onto the oxidation performance,plasma-exposed and non-exposed reference samples were oxidised in a dry *** show,on the one hand,that the oxida-tion suppression of WCrY in comparison to pure W is preserved during the plasma *** the other hand,it becomes evident that edge effects imposed by the geometry of the samples used in plasma experiments play a significant role for the oxidation behaviour.

关键词： Tungsten-based alloys Plasma-facing material Smart alloys DEMO

Empagliflozin alleviates podocytopathy and enhances glomerular nephrin expression in db/db diabetic mice

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第12期11卷 596-610页

作者： Vadim V Klimontov Anton I Korbut Iuliia S Taskaeva Nataliya P Bgatova Maksim V Dashkin Nikolai BOrlov Anna S Khotskina Evgenii L Zavyalov Thomas klein Laboratory of Endocrinology Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology–Branch of the Institute of Cytology and GeneticsSiberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences(RICEL–Branch of IC&G SB RAS)Novosibirsk 630060Russia Laboratory of Ultrastructural Research Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology–Branch of the Institute of Cytology and GeneticsSiberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences(RICEL–Branch of IC&G SB RAS)Novosibirsk 630060Russia Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology–Branch of the Institute of Cytology and GeneticsSiberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences(RICEL–Branch of IC&G SB RAS)Novosibirsk 630060Russia Center for Genetic Resources of Laboratory Animals Institute of Cytology and GeneticsSiberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia Department of Cardiometabolic Diseases Research Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbHBiberach 88397Germany

BACKGROUND Modern guidelines recommend sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitors as the preferred antihyperglycemic agents for patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney ***,the mechanisms underlying the renal protective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors are not fully *** of podocytes and nephrin expression in glomeruli in db/db diabetic *** We treated 8-wk-old male db/db mice with EMPA(10 mg/kg/d)or vehicle for 8 ***-matched male db/+mice were included as non-diabetic *** of body composition,glycemic and lipid control,and plasma concentrations of leptin,insulin and glucagon were *** evaluated renal hypertrophy as kidney weight adjusted to lean mass,renal function as plasma levels of creatinine,and albuminuria as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR).Renal structures were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy with a focus on mesangial volume and podocyte structure,*** nephrin and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)were assessed by *** Severe obesity and hyperglycemia developed in db/db mice prior to the start of the experiment;increased plasma concentrations of fructosamine,glycated albumin,cholesterol,leptin,and insulin,and elevated UACR were *** expansion,glomerular basement membrane thickening,and increased area of TGF-βstaining in glomeruli were revealed in vehicle-treated *** was manifested by effacement of foot processes;nephrin-positive areas in glomeruli were *** decreased the levels of glucose,fructosamine and glycated albumin,UACR,kidney hypertrophy,mesangial expansion,glomerular basement membrane thickening,and glomerular TGF-βstaining,alleviated podocytopathy and restored glomerular staining of *** These data indicate that EMPA attenuates podocytopathy in experimental diabetic kidney *** anti-albuminuric effect of EMPA could be attributed to mitigation o

关键词： Diabetes Chronic kidney disease Albuminuria Podocyte Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors Empagliflozin

Special issue: Contemporary mega-project and program management

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2020年第3期5卷 147-149页

作者： James Jiang Gary klein Wayne Huang Shan Liu Xiaosong Wu Taiwan University TaiwanChina University of Colorado Colorado SpringUSA Southern University of Science and Technology Guang DongChina Xi'an Jiaotong University ShannxiChina

*** management and its benefits This Special Issue of the Journal of Management Science and Engineering brings attention to mega-project and pro-gram management ***,organizations perform two main functions:RUN and TRA... 详细信息

关键词： benefits research. management

The influence of mobility among high-risk populations on HIV transmission in Western Kenya

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2018年第1期3卷 97-106页

作者： Anna Bershteyn Kennedy K.Mutai Adam N.Akullian Daniel J.klein Britta L.Jewell Samuel M.Mwalili Institute for Disease Modeling 3150139th Ave.SEBellevueWA 98005USA National Aids Control Council P.O.Box 61307-00200Argwings Kodhek RdNairobiKenya Department of Medicine University of California and San FranciscoZuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital1001 Potrero AvenueSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PO Box 606Village MarketNairobi00621Kenya

Western Kenya suffers a highly endemic and also very heterogeneous epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Although female sex workers(FSW)and their male clients are known to be at high risk for HIV,HIV prevalence across regions inWestern Kenya is not strongly correlated with the fraction of women engaged in commercial *** agentbased network model of HIV transmission,geographically stratified at the county level,was fit to the HIV epidemic,scale-up of interventions,and populations of FSW in Western Kenya under two assumptions about the potential mobility of FSW *** the first,all clients were assumed to be resident in the same geographies as their interactions with *** the second,some clients were considered non-resident and engaged only in interactions with FSW,but not in longer-term non-FSW partnerships in these *** both assumptions,the model successfully reconciled disparate geographic patterns of FSW and HIV *** patterns in the model suggest a greater role for FSW in local transmission when clients were resident to the counties,with 30.0%of local HIV transmissions attributable to current and former FSW and clients,compared to 21.9%when mobility of clients was ***,the overall epidemic drivers remained similar,with risky behavior in the general population dominating transmission in highprevalence *** modeling suggests that co-location of high-risk populations and generalized epidemics can further amplify the spread of HIV,but that large numbers of formal FSW and clients are not required to observe or mechanistically explain high HIV prevalence in the general population.

关键词： prevalence client stratified

Visible-and solar-blind photodetectors using AlGaN high electron mobility transistors with a nanodot-based floating gate

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Photonics Research 2019年第6期7卷 I0026-I0033页

作者： ANDREW M.ARMSTRONG BRIANNA A.klein ANDREW A.ALLERMAN ALBERT G.BACA MARY H.CRAWFORD JACOB PODKAMINER CARLOS R.PEREZ MICHAEL P.SIEGAL ERICA A.DOUGLAS VINCENT M.ABATE FRANCOIS LEONARD Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA Current address: 3M Corporate Research Labs St. Paul Minnesota 55144 USA Sandia National Laboratories Livermore California 94550 USA

AlGaN-channel high electron mobility transistors(HEMTs) were operated as visible-and solar-blind photodetectors by using GaN nanodots as an optically active floating gate. The effect of the floating gate was large enough to switch an HEMT from the off-state in the dark to an on-state under illumination. This opto-electronic response achieved responsivity >10^8 A∕W at room temperature while allowing HEMTs to be electrically biased in the offstate for low dark current and low DC power dissipation. The influence of GaN nanodot distance from the HEMT channel on the dynamic range of the photodetector was investigated, along with the responsivity and temporal response of the floating gate HEMT as a function of optical intensity. The absorption threshold was shown to be controlled by the AlN mole fraction of the HEMT channel layer, thus enabling the same device design to be tuned for either visible-or solar-blind detection.

关键词： photodetectors high electron mobility transistors