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Response of Freezing/Thawing Indexes to the Wetting Trend under Warming Climate Conditions over the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau during 1961–2010:A Numerical Simulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第2期40卷 211-222页

作者： Xuewei FANG Zhi LI Chen CHENG klaus FRAEDRICH Anqi WANG Yihui CHEN Yige XU Shihua LYU plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan province School of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Southwest Institute of Technical physics Chengdu 610225China Max planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Since the 1990s,the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau(QTp)has experienced a strikingly warming and wetter climate that alters the thermal and hydrological properties of frozen ground.A positive correlation between the warming and thermal degradation in permafrost or seasonally frozen ground(SFG)has long been ***,a predictive relationship between historical wetting under warming climate conditions and frozen ground has not yet been well demonstrated,despite the expectation that it will become even more important because precipitation over the QTp has been projected to increase continuously in the near *** study investigates the response of the thermal regime to historical wetting in both permafrost and SFG areas and examines their relationships separately using the Community Land Surface Model version *** show that wetting before the 1990s across the QTp mainly cooled the permafrost body in the arid and semiarid zones,with significant correlation coefficients of 0.60 and 0.48,*** increased continually at the rate of 6.16 mm decade–1 in the arid zone after the 1990s but had a contrasting warming effect on permafrost through a significant shortening of the thawing duration within the active ***,diminished rainfall in the humid zone after the 1990s also significantly extended the thawing duration of *** relationship between the ground thawing index and precipitation was significantly negatively correlated(−0.75).The dual effects of wetting on the thermal dynamics of the QTp are becoming critical because of the projected increases in future precipitation.

关键词： freezing/thawing indexes numerical modeling wetting process frozen ground Qinghai–Tibetan plateau

Relationship of Isokinetic Leg press Force with Jumping performance and 1RM in the Squat

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第2期4卷 180-187页

作者： Sebastian Möck Stefan Erlewein Christoph Mickel klaus Wirth Department of Exercise Science Olympic Training and Testing Center of HessenOtto-Fleck-Schneise 460528 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institute of Applied Training Science LeipzigGermany Athlyzer GmbH Frankfurt am MainGermany Sport and Exercise Sciences University of Applied Sciences Wiener NeustadtWiener NeustadtAustria

purpose Muscle strength and power are important requirements in many *** correlation of jumping performance as manifestation of muscle power and squatting one-repetition maximum(1RM)has been shown in several *** with maximum force in a linear isokinetic leg press are still *** different testing devices produce different relationships and rotational isokinetic measurements show conflicting results,further evidence is *** We investigated the correlation of isokinetic leg press force at 0.1 m/s and 0.7 m/s with squat 1RM and jumping performance in different vertical *** The results show medium to strong,significant correlations for isokinetic force at 0.1 m/s with squat-and counter-movement-jump performance,whereas isokinetic force at 0.7 m/s showed strong,significant correlations for both jumping *** jump performance(dropping heights:20,30,40,and 50 cm,respectively)reveals weak to medium,significant correlations with isokinetic force at 0.1 m/s and weak,significant correlations with isokinetic force at 0.7 m/*** 1RM displays strong relationships to isokinetic force with greater coefficients regarding higher movement speed in the isokinetic *** The maximum strength of the leg extensors displays a basic requirement for vertical jumping with great motion in knee-and hip-joints and should be considered in training *** vertical jumps that are mainly generated via ankle motion,maximum strength of knee-and hip-extensors plays an indirect role to guarantee for performance-enhancing ***,in strength testing,different manifestations of strength performance should carefully be taken into account.

关键词： Isokinetics Diagnostics performance Resistance Training

Evaluating alternative hypotheses behind biodiversity and multifunctionality relationships in the forests of Northeastern China

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 301-310页

作者： Qingmin Yue Minhui Hao Yan Geng Xuerui Wang klaus von Gadow Chunyu Zhang Xiuhai Zhao Lushuang Gao Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-UniversitatGöttingenD-37077Germany Faculty of AgriSciences Stellenbosch UniversityMatieland7600South Africa

Background:The importance of biodiversity in maintaining multiple ecosystem functions has been widely ***,the specific mechanisms affecting biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality(BEMF)relationships in forests are largely *** is particularly evident for the macroscale of a large forested ***:Based on 412 one-tenth hectare field plots distributed over forested areas across northeastern China,we evaluated three alternative hypotheses explaining the relationships between BEMF,namely:niche complementarity,mass ratio,and vegetation quantity *** used Rao's quadratic entropy and community weighted mean trait values to quantify forest“biodiversity”.These two variables represent two complementary aspects of functional properties,which are in line with niche complementary and mass ratio effects,***:Ecosystem multifunctionality was negatively associated with the community weighted mean values of acquisitive traits(a proxy of mass ratio effect).Rao's quadratic entropy(a proxy of niche complementarity)had no relationship with ecosystem *** stand biomass greatly increased ecosystem multifunctionality,which is in line with the vegetation quantity *** results confirm that in the temperate forests of northeastern China,the relationship of BEMF was primarily affected by vegetation quantity,followed by mass ratio ***:The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the main drivers of ecosystem multifunctionality in forest *** results of this study provide additional evidence to support the vegetation quantity and mass ratio hypotheses in forest ecosystems.

关键词： Biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality Biomass Functional traits Mass ratio effect Niche complementarity effect Vegetation quantity effect

Sport and physical exercise in sustainable mental health care of common mental disorders:Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第2期5卷 151-155页

作者： klaus W.Lange Yukiko Nakamura Andreas Reissmann Faculty of Human Sciences(psychology Education and Sport Science)University of RegensburgRegensburgBavariaGermany

The large-scale disruptions to physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic have been found to be a leading predictor of common mental *** addition,regular physical exercise has been found to alleviate anxiety,sadness and depression during the *** findings,together with numerous studies published before the pandemic on the effects of physical activity on mental health,should be considered in the provision of mental health care following the ***-sectional research has revealed that all types of exercise and sport are associated with a reduced mental health ***,the effectiveness of exercise and sport participation in sustainable mental health care as well as the causal relationship between exercise,psychosocial health and common mental disorders merit further *** activity and sport,with their global accessibility,significant and clinically meaningful efficacy as well as virtual absence of adverse effects,offer a promising option for the promotion of mental health,including the prevention and treatment of common mental *** exercise and sport are likely to become valuable public mental health resources in the future.

关键词： Anxiety Depression Mental health physical exercise COVID-19

Standard-Cell placement from Functional Descriptions

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1991年第1期6卷 37-46页

作者： klaus Buchenrieder Waldparkstraβe

This paper presents a functional language for the unambiguous description of digital circuits,a me- thod and algorithms to obtain a standard-cell layout,and a comparative evaluation of the developed func- tional standard-cell placement *** presented placement scheme is different from traditional methods because the complete layout geometry is specified and constructed automatically from a function- al *** construction relies on a translation that combines the simplicity of standard-cells with the elegance of functional *** evaluation of the method introduced shows that the quality of the resulting placement is close to the results achieved with simulated annealing while the computation time is significantly ***,the evaluation suggests to employ the functional placement me- thod in conjunction with low-temperature simulated annealing for running-time reduction and improved- results.

关键词： Standard-Cell placement from Functional Descriptions

Romidepsin(FK228) improves the survival of allogeneic skin grafts through downregulating the production of donor-specific antibody via suppressing the IRE1α-XBp1 pathway

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2022年第5期23卷 392-406页

作者： Yuliang GUO Siyu SONG Xiaoxiao DU Li TIAN Man ZHANG Hongmin ZHOU Zhonghua klaus CHEN Sheng CHANG Institute of Organ Transplantation Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Ministry of EducationNHC Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationKey Laboratory of Organ TransplantationChinese Academy of Medical SciencesWuhan 430030China Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan UniversitiesZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases and Organ TransplantationDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Antibody-mediated rejection(AMR)is one of the major causes of graft loss after ***,the regulation of B cell differentiation and the prevention of donor-specific antibody(DSA)production have gained increased attention in transplant ***,we established a secondary allogeneic in vivo skin transplant model to study the effects of romidepsin(FK228)on *** survival of grafted skins was monitored *** serum levels of DSA and the number of relevant immunocytes in the recipient spleens were evaluated by flow ***,we isolated and purified B cells from B6mouse spleens in vitro by magnetic bead *** B cells were cultured with interleukin-4(IL-4)and anti-clusters of differentiation 40(CD40)antibody with or without FK228 *** immunoglobulin G1(IgG1)and IgM levels in the supernatant were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-q pCR)and western blotting were conducted to determine the corresponding levels of messenger RNA(mRNA)and protein expression in cultured cells and the recipient *** results showed that FK228 significantly improved the survival of allogeneic skin ***,FK228 inhibited DSA production in the serum along with the suppression of histone deacetylase 1(HADC1)and HDAC2 and the upregulation of the acetylation of histones H2A and *** also inhibited the differentiation of B cells to plasma cells,decreased the transcription of positive regulatory domain-containing 1(prdm1)and X-box-binding protein 1(Xbp1),and decreased the expression of phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1α(p-IRE1α),XBp1,and B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1(Blimp-1).In conclusion,FK228 could decrease the production of antibodies by B cells via inhibition of the IRE1α-XBp1 signaling ***,FK228 is considered as a promising therapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of AMR.

关键词： Histone acetylation Romidepsin(FK228) Skin transplantation Donor-specific antibody Unfolded protein response

On combinatorial Gauss-Bonnet Theorem for general Euclidean simplicial complexes

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2016年第5期11卷 1345-1362页

作者： Stephan klaus Scientific Administrator of the MFO and Adjunct professor at Mainz University Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach gGmbH (MFO) Schwarzwaldstrasse 9-11 D-77709 Oberwolfach-Walke Germany

For a finitely triangulated closed surface M2, let αx be the sum of angles at a vertex x. By the well-known combinatorial version of the 2- dimensional Gauss-Bonnet Theorem, it holds ∑x（2π- αx） =2αχ（M^2）, where X denotes the Euler characteristic of M^2, αx denotes the sum of angles at the vertex x, and the sum is over all vertices of the triangulation. We give here an elementary proof of a straightforward higher-dimensional generalization to Euclidean simplicial complexes K without assuming any combinatorial manifold condition. First, we recall some facts on simplicial complexes, the Euler characteristics and its local version at a vertex. Then we define δ（τ） as the normed dihedral angle defect around a simplex τ. Our main result is ∑τ（-1）^dim（τ）δ（τ） = χ（K）, where the sum is over all simplices τ of the triangulation. Then we give a definition of curvature k（x） at a vertex and we prove the vertex-version ∑x∈K0 k（x） = χ（K） of this result. It also possible to prove Morse-type inequalities. Moreover, we can apply this result to combinatorial （n ＋ 1）-manifolds W with boundary B, where we prove that the difference of Euler characteristics is given by the sum of curvatures over the interior of W plus a contribution from the normal curvature along the boundary B： χ（W）- 1/2 χ（B） = ∑τ∈W-B（-1）^dim（τ）δ（τ）＋ ∑τB（-1）^dim（τ）ρ（τ）.

关键词： Curvature dihedral angle Euclidean simplex triangulation Euler characteristic Euler manifold combinatorial manifold pseudo manifold

TBSSvis:Visual analytics for Temporal Blind Source Separation

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Visual Informatics 2022年第4期6卷 51-66页

作者： Nikolaus piccolotto Markus Bögl Theresia Gschwandtner Christoph Muehlmann klaus Nordhausen peter Filzmoser Silvia Miksch TU Wien Institute of Visual Computing&Human-Centered TechnologyFavoritenstrasse 9–11A-1040 ViennaAustria Erste Group Bank AG Am Belvedere 1A-1100 ViennaAustria TU Wien Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in EconomicsWiedner Hauptstrasse 8–10A-1040 ViennaAustria University of Jyväskylä Department of Mathematics and StatisticsFI40014 JyväskyläFinland

Temporal Blind Source Separation(TBSS)is used to obtain the true underlying processes from noisy temporal multivariate data,such as *** has similarities to principal Component Analysis(pCA)as it separates the input data into univariate components and is applicable to suitable datasets from various domains,such as medicine,finance,or civil *** TBSS’s broad applicability,the involved tasks are not well supported in current tools,which offer only text-based interactions and single static *** are limited in analyzing and comparing obtained results,which consist of diverse data such as matrices and sets of time ***,parameter settings have a big impact on separation performance,but as a consequence of improper tooling,analysts currently do not consider the whole parameter *** propose to solve these problems by applying visual analytics(VA)*** primary contribution is a design study for TBSS,which so far has not been explored by the visualization *** developed a task abstraction and visualization design in a user-centered design ***-specific assembling of well-established visualization techniques and algorithms to gain insights in the TBSS processes is our secondary *** present TBSSvis,an interactive web-based VA prototype,which we evaluated extensively in two interviews with five TBSS *** and observations from these interviews show that TBSSvis supports the actual workflow and combination of interactive visualizations that facilitate the tasks involved in analyzing TBSS results.

关键词： Blind source separation Ensemble visualization Visual analytics parameter space exploration

Rail RCF damage quantification and comparison for different damage models

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Railway Engineering Science 2022年第1期30卷 23-40页

作者： Visakh V.Krishna Saeed Hossein-Nia Carlos Casanueva Sebastian Stichel Gerald Trummer klaus Six Department of Engineering Mechanics KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Virtual Vehicle Research GmbH GrazAustria

There are several fatigue-based approaches that estimate the evolution of rolling contact fatigue(RCF) on rails over time and built to be used in tandem with multibody simulations of vehicle dynamics. However, most of the models are not directly comparable with each other since they are based on different physical models even though they shall predict the same RCF damage at the *** article studies different approaches to quantifying RCF and puts forward a measure for the degree of agreement between them. The methodological framework studies various steps in the RCF quantification procedure within the context of one another, identifies the ‘primary quantification step’ in each approach and compares results of the fatigue analyses. In addition to this, two quantities—‘similarity’ and ‘correlation’—have been put forward to give an indication of mutual agreement between *** widely used surface-based and sub-surface-based fatigue quantification approaches with varying complexities have been studied. Different operational cases corresponding to a metro vehicle operation in Austria have been considered for this study. Results showed that the best possible quantity to compare is the normalized damage increment per loading cycle coming from different approaches. Amongst the methods studied, approaches that included the load distribution step on the contact patch showed higher similarity and correlation in their *** the different approaches might qualitatively agree on whether contact cases are ‘damaging’ due to RCF, they might not quantitatively correlate with the trends observed for damage increment values.

关键词： Rolling contact fatigue Rail surface damage Wedge model KTH model Surface fatigue index Multibody simulation Track-friendliness