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Amine reclaiming technologies in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 276-289页

作者： Tielin Wang jon Hovland klaus j.jens Telemark University College Tel-Tek Porsgrunn 3918 Norway

Amine scrubbing is the most developed technology for carbon dioxide（CO2） *** of amine solvents due to the presence of high levels of oxygen and other impurities in flue gas causes increasing costs and deterioration in long term performance,and therefore purification of the solvents is needed to overcome these problems. This review presents the reclaiming of amine solvents used for post combustion CO2capture（PCC）. Thermal reclaiming, ion exchange, and electrodialysis, although principally developed for sour gas sweetening, have also been tested for CO2 capture from flue *** three technologies all have their strengths and weaknesses, and further development is needed to reduce energy usage and costs. An expected future trend for amine reclamation is to focus on process integration of the current reclaiming technologies into the PCC process in order to drive down costs.

关键词： Carbon dioxide capture Amine reclaiming Distillation Ion exchange Electrodialysis

Effects of lag time in forest restoration and management

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第4期10卷 504-515页

作者： klaus j.Puettmann jürgen Bauhus Department of Forest Ecosystem and Society Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA University of Freiburg Tennenbacherstr.479085FreiburgGermany

The increased speed of global change and associated high severity disturbances,in conjunction with the increasing suite of societal expectations on forests,suggest that the timeliness of interventions to encourage the adaptive capacity of ecosystems and to reduce negative impacts in regards to provision of ecosystem services is increasingly *** address this issue,we expand the concept of lag time as used in ecological discussions into a forest management *** this context,lag times have earlier starting and later ending points and can be separated into different *** components include the delay till detection,decision making,and implementation,followed by ecological lag time and the time till ecosystem services are provided at acceptable *** first three components are influenced by the availability of information,the lack of which can extend lag ***,the lengths of components are not simply additive but they *** example,treatment preparation due to a quicker detection can lead to shorter decision and implementation lag *** highlight the benefits of addressing the various components of lag time in forestry *** when considering adaptive capacity in times of global change,our analysis suggests that all aspects of the forestry sector are challenged to consider how to optimize lag ***,we propose that such issues need to be considered with any management action and are especially relevant in discussions whether the best strategy after disturbances or in the light of global change is to adopt a passive approach and let natural ecosystem processes play out on their own or whether active management is better suited to ensure a more rapid and fitting ecosystem response to facilitate the continued provision of ecosystem services.

关键词： Active versus passive restoration Management decisions Global change

Spectro-Microscopy of Living Plant Cells

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 14-26页

作者： klaus Hatter Alfred j. Meixner Frank Schleifenbaum Center for Plant Molecular Biology （ZMBP） Plant Physiology and Biophysical Chemistry University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 1 72076 Tuebingen Germany Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry （IPTC） Nano-Optics University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 8 72076 Tubingen Germany

Spectro-microscopy, a combination of fluorescence microscopy with spatially resolved spectroscopic techni- ques, provides new and exciting tools for functional cell biology in living organisms. This review focuses on recent devel- opments in spectro-microscopic applications for the investigation of living plant cells in their native tissue context. The application of spectro-microscopic methods led to the recent discovery of a fast signal response pathway for the brassi- nosteroide receptor BRI1 in the plasma membrane of living plant cells. Moreover, the competence of different plant cell types to respond to environmental or endogenous stimuli was determined in vivo by correlation analysis of different optical and spectroscopic readouts such as fluorescence lifetime （FLT）. Furthermore, a new spectro-microscopic technique, fluorescence intensity decay shape analysis microscopy （FIDSAM）, has been developed. FIDSAM is capable of imaging low- expressed fluorophore-tagged proteins at high spatial resolution and precludes the misinterpretation of autofluorescence artifacts. In addition, FIDSAM provides a very effective and sensitive tool on the basis of F6rster resonance energy transfer （FRET） for the qualitative and quantitative determination of protein-protein interaction. Finally, we report on the quan- titative analysis of the photosystem I and II （PSI/PSII） ratio in the chloroplasts of living Arabidopsis plants at room tem- perature, using high-resolution, spatially resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. With this technique, it was not only possible to measure PSI/PSII ratios, but also to demonstrate the differential competence of wild-type and carbohydrate-deficient plants to adapt the PSI/PSII ratio to different light conditions. In summary, the information content of standard microscopic images is extended by several dimensions by the use of spectro-microscopic approaches. Therefore, novel cell physiolog- ical and molecular topics can be addressed and valuable insigh

关键词： Fluorescence microscopy FLIM FRET photosystems protein-protein interaction FIDSAM.

Absolute characterization of high numerical aperture microscope objectives utilizing a dipole scatterer

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第12期10卷 2342-2348页

作者： jörg S.Eismann Martin Neugebauer klaus Mantel Peter Banzer Institute of Physics University of GrazNAWI GrazUniversitätsplatz 58010 GrazAustria Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light Staudtstr.291058 ErlangenGermany Institute of Optics Information and PhotonicsUniversity Erlangen-NurembergStaudtstr.7/B291058 ErlangenGermany

Measuring the aberrations of optical systems is an essential step in the fabrication of high precision optical *** a characterization is usually based on comparing the device under investigation with a calibrated reference ***,when working at the cutting-edge of technology,it is increasingly difficult to provide an even better or well-known reference *** this manuscript we present a method for the characterization of high numerical aperture microscope objectives,functioning without the need of calibrated reference *** technique constitutes a nanoparticle,acting as a dipole-like scatterer,that is placed in the focal volume of the microscope *** light that is scattered by the particle can be measured individually and serves as the reference wave in our *** the well-characterized scattered light as nearly perfect reference wave is the main idea behind this manuscript.

关键词： characterization scatter scattered

Recent results on hadron spectroscopy from BES

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 638-643页

作者： klaus Gtzen GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH

The BES-Ⅲ Detector is a very versatile multipurpose device located at the Institute of High Energy Physics （IHEP） in Beijing, China. Concerning the physics program it ties stringently up to the past BES and BES-Ⅱ experiments. Since start of the data taking in the middle of 2008 the accumulated dataset of 200.10^6 j/ψ events and 100.10^6 ψ＇ events already exceeds the world data on these resonances. In addition to studies of the charmonium systems the data offers great opportunity for investigations in the light hadron sector. In detail it will be reported about the confirmation of the enhancement in pp invariant mass in radiative j/ψ decays, the search for decays Y（2175） → K＊0K＊0, observation of a charged K^± in K^±π^0 and observation of a new excited baryon N＊（2065） decaying to pπ^0 and charged onjugate. The first result is based on data taken by BES-Ⅱ and BES-Ⅲ, the latter three on data collected by BES-Ⅱ only.

关键词： light hadrons BES X(1860) Y(2175) k^+ N*(2065)

Silurian-Devonian and jurassic Thermal Events in the Ordos Basin, China: Indications from K-Ar Dating on Illites

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1996年第4期70卷 435-446页

作者： Hans Ahrendt klaus Wemmer Hans-j rgen Behr Institute of Geology and Dynamics of Lithosphere University of Gttingen G ttingen GermanyInstitute of Geology and Dynamics of LithosphereUniversity of Gttingen G ttingen GermanyInstitute of Geology and Dynamics of LithosphereUniversity of Gttingen G ttingen Germany

In the Ordos basin, two distinct thermal events of different ages have been identified for the first time by means of K-Ar dating combined with illite crystallinity analysis. For the Late Triassic and Late Permian samples, the K-Ar ages of the jurassic; the K-Ar ages of the <2 μm fractions (210-308 Ma) are interpreted as mixed ages of detrital material and authigenic illites. The K-Ar ages of both < 0.2μm and < 2μm fractions of a Middle Cambrian sample (368 Ma and 419 Ma) correspond to the ages of the metamorphism and earliest granite intrusion in the northern Caledonian Qinling fold zone (380-420 Ma) and show a thermal event during Silurian-Devonian time.

关键词： illite K-Ar dating illite crystallinity thermal event Ordos basin

Simulations of THM processes in buffer-rock barriers of high-level waste disposal in an argillaceous formation

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2013年第4期5卷 277-286页

作者： Xiaoshuo Li Chunliang Zhang klaus-jürgen Rhlig Institute of Disposal Research Clausthal University of Technology Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit mbH Braunschweig 38118Germany

The main objective of this paper is to investigate and analyse the thermo-hydro-mechanical（THM） coupling phenomena and their influences on the repository *** this paper,the high-level waste（HLW） disposal concept in drifts in clay formation with backfilled bentonite buffer is represented numerically using the CODE BRIGHT developed by the Technical University of Catalonia in *** parameters of clay and bentonite used in the simulation are determined by laboratory and in situ *** calculation results are presented to show the hydro-mechanical（HM） processes during the operation phase and the THM processes in the after-closure *** to the simulation results,the most probable critical processes for the disposal project have been represented and *** work also provides an input for additional development regarding the design,assessment and validation of the HLW disposal concept.

关键词： Thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM) coupling processes Clay formation Unsaturated porous media Bentonite buffer CODE BRIGHT

Stabilizing forest productivity and resilience at multiple scales

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第5期10卷 561-568页

作者： klaus v.Gadow Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-University GöttingenBüsgenweg 5D-37077GöttingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityMatielandSouth Africa

The objective of this study is to introduce a coherent theoretical perspective for sustaining forested landscapes at different scales:meta(forest region),gamma(forest property)and alpha(forest stand),with some details on practical *** main part introduces an integrated set of approaches under three headings:a)gamma design,b)alpha jardinage,and c)continuous *** study is based on evidence gathered in the broadleaf and conifer mixed forests of north-eastern China,in European temperate forests,in various forest regions in India,in the afro-montane forests of Southern Africa,and in the pine-oak forests of the Mexican Sierra Madre Occidental.

关键词： forest heading pine

Tea in cardiovascular health and disease:a critical appraisal of the evidence

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第3期11卷 445-454页

作者： klaus W.Lange Department of Experimental Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

The findings of various epidemiological studies,interventions using randomized controlled trials and mechanistic experiments have suggested a protective role of tea and its bioactive components in cardiovascular *** potential of tea in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)has therefore attracted increasing research ***,in particular flavonoids,found in both green and black tea,have been suggested to play a primary role in the reduction of CVD *** promising results regarding the effects of tea on blood pressure and other CVD-related biomarkers have been found in preclinical experiments,the effects demonstrated in human studies are modest and less *** discrepancy may be explained,at least in part,by different research strategies used in human and animal ***,since tea is globally one of the most commonly consumed beverages,even small beneficial effects in humans may shift the population distribution of CVD risk,with major implications for public ***,research conducted to date does not yield sufficiently robust evidence to allow a recommendation as to an optimal level of tea consumption as an element of health policies seeking to prevent hypertension and improve cardiovascular health.

关键词： Tea Cardiovascular diseases Health Prevention Treatment