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The vital threat of an upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Risk factor analysis of 121 consecutive patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第22期12卷 3597-3601页

作者： Peter Schemmer Frank Decker Genevieve Dei-Anane Volkmar Henschel klaus Buhl Christian Herfarth Stefan Riedl Deptartment of General Surgery Ruprecht-Karls-University 69120 HeidelbergGermany Volkmar HenschelInstitute for Statistics and Medical BiometryRuprecht-Karls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany Institute for Statistics and Medical Biometry Ruprecht-Karls-University 69120 HeidelbergGermany Deptartment of General Surgery Ruprecht-Karls-University 69120 HeidelbergGermany

AIM： To analyze the importance in predicting patients risk of mortality due to upper gastrointestinal （UGI） bleeding under today＇s therapeutic regimen. METHODS： From 1998 to 2001, 121 patients with the diagnosis of UGI bleeding were treated in our hospital. Based on the patients＇ data, a retrospective multivariate data analysis with initially more than 270 single factors was performed. Subsequently, the following potential risk factors underwent a logistic regression analysis： age, gender, initial hemoglobin, coumarines, liver cirrhosis, prothrombin time （PT）, gastric ulcer （small curvature）, duodenal ulcer （bulbus back wall）, Forrest classification, vascular stump, variceal bleeding, MalloryWeiss syndrome, RBC substitution, recurrent bleeding, conservative and surgical therapy. RESULTS： Seventy male （58%） and 51 female （42%） patients with a median age of 70 （range： 21-96） years were treated. Their in-hospital mortality was 14%. While 12% （11/91） of the patients died after conservative therapy, 20% （6/30） died after undergoing surgical therapy. UGI bleeding occurred due to duodenal ulcer （n = 36; 30%）, gastric ulcer （n = 35; 29%）, esophageal varicosis （n = 12; 10%）, Mallory-Weiss syndrome （n = 8, 7%）, erosive lesions of the mucosa （n = 20; 17%）, cancer （n = 5; 4%）, coagulopathy （n = 4; 3%）, lymphoma （n = 2; 2%）, benign tumor （n = 2; 2%） and unknown reason （n = 1, 1%）. A logistic regression analysis of all aforementioned factors revealed that liver cirrhosis and duodenal ulcer （bulbus back wall） were associated risk factors for a fatal course after UGI bleeding. Prior to endoscopy, only liver cirrhosis was an assessable risk factor. Thereafter, liver cirrhosis, the location of a bleeding ulcer （bulbus back wall） andpatients＇ gender （male） were of prognostic importance for the clinical outcome （mortality） of patients with a bleeding ulcer.CONCLUSION： Most prognostic parameters used in clinical routine today are not reliable enough in predicting a patient＇s vital

关键词： UGT bleeding Mortality Risk factors

Fluorescence Intensity Decay Shape Analysis Microscopy （FIDSAM） for Quantitative and Sensitive Live-Cell Imaging： A Novel Technique for Fluorescence Microscopy of Endogenously Expressed Fusion-Proteins

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Molecular Plant 2010年第3期3卷 555-562页

作者： Frank Schleifenbaum Kirstin Elgass Marcus Sackrow Katharina Caesar Kenneth Berendzen Alfred J. Meixner klaus Hatter Center for Plant Molecular Biology Department of Plant Physiology University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 1 72076 Tubingen Germany Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 8 72076 Tubingen Germany

Fluorescent studies of living plant cells such as confocal microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging often suffer from a strong autofluorescent background contribution that significantly reduces the dynamic image contrast and the quantitative access to sub-cellular processes at high spatial resolution. Here, we present a novel technique--fluorescence intensity decay shape analysis microscopy （FIDSAM） to enhance the dynamic contrast of a fluorescence image of at least one order of magnitude. The method is based on the analysis of the shape of the fluorescence intensity decay （fluorescence lifetime curve） and benefits from the fact that the decay patterns of typical fluorescence label dyes strongly differ from emission decay curves of autofluorescent sample areas. Using FIDSAM, we investigated Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyl cells in their tissue environment, which accumulate an eGFP fusion of the plasma membrane marker protein LTI6b （LTI6b-eGFP） to low level. Whereas in conventional confocal fluorescence images, the membranes of neighboring cells can hardly be optically resolved due to the strong autofluorescence of the cell wall, FIDSAM allows for imaging of single, isolated membranes at high spatial resolution. Thus, FIDSAM will enable the sub-cellular analysis of even low-expressed fluorophoretagged proteins in living plant cells. Furthermore, the combination of FIDSAM with fluorescence lifetime imaging provides the basis to study the local physico-chemical environment of fluorophore-tagged biomolecules in living plant cells.

关键词： Cell structure cell walls membrane proteins high-resolution fluorescence microscopy.

Difficult colon polypectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2012年第7期4卷 269-280页

作者： klaus Vormbrock klaus M nkemüller Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesMarienhospital Bottrop 46242 Bottrop Germany Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Otto-von-Guericke University15003 Magdeburg Germany

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in the world. We now know that 90% of CRC develop from adenomatous polyps. Polypectomy of colon adenomas leads to a significant reduction in the incidence of CRC. At present most of the polyps are removed endoscopically. The vast majority of colorectal polyps identified at colonoscopy are small and do not pose a significant challenge for resection to an appropriately trained and skilled endoscopist. Advanced polypectomy techniques are intended for the removal of difficult colon polyps. We have defined a "difficult polyp" as any lesion that due to its size, shape or location represents a challenge for the colonoscopist to remove. Although many "difficult polyps" will be an easy target for the advanced endoscopist, polyps that are larger than 15 mm, have a large pedicle, are flat and extended, are difficult to see or are located in the cecum or any angulated portion of the colon should be always considered difficult. Although very successful,advanced resection techniques can potentially cause serious, even life-threatening complications. Moreover, post polypectomy complications are more common in the presence of difficult polyps. Therefore, any endos-copist attempting advanced polypectomy techniques should be adequately supervised by an expert or have an excellent training in interventional endoscopy. This review describes several useful tips and tricks to deal with difficult polyps.

关键词： Colonoscopy Polypectomy Mucosectomy Colon polyp Polyp Endoscopic mucosal resection Mucosectomy Endoscopic submucosal dissection

一个区域气候模式对南极2m气温的模拟及其评估

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中国科学：地球科学 2014年第4期44卷 715-722页

作者：辛羽飞卞林根 Annette RINKE klaus DETHLOFF 中国气象科学研究院北京100081 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院南京210044 Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven 27570 Germany

利用ERA40、NCEP 20世纪再分析资料和中国南极中山站到Dome-A断面考察资料,对德国极地与海洋研究所区域气候模式-HIRHAM模拟的南极2 m气温进行了评估,结果发现:(1)模拟的多年平均场空间特征与ERA40和NCEP 20世纪再分析较为接近.(2)模拟... 详细信息

利用ERA40、NCEP 20世纪再分析资料和中国南极中山站到Dome-A断面考察资料,对德国极地与海洋研究所区域气候模式-HIRHAM模拟的南极2 m气温进行了评估,结果发现:(1)模拟的多年平均场空间特征与ERA40和NCEP 20世纪再分析较为接近.(2)模拟存在冷偏差,整个南极地区与EAR40偏冷1.8℃,与NCEP 20世纪再分析偏冷5.1℃.(3)与EAR40偏差存在季节差异,夏季偏冷3.4℃,秋季偏暖0.004℃.进一步分析发现,HIRHAM模式模拟的近地层大气湍流状况与实际状况不同是2 m气温模拟偏差产生的原因:(1)南极夏季近地层观测样本中逆温和非逆温并存,原因是感热通量正负并存,但HIRHAM模式模拟基本全为逆温状况和负感热通量.(2)南极秋、冬季观测基本全为逆温,HIRHAM与之较为吻合,这部分解释了秋、冬季节模式模拟偏差不大的原因.

关键词：区域模式 2m气温逆温感热通量

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TBSSvis:Visual analytics for Temporal Blind Source Separation

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Visual Informatics 2022年第4期6卷 51-66页

作者： Nikolaus Piccolotto Markus Bögl Theresia Gschwandtner Christoph Muehlmann klaus Nordhausen Peter Filzmoser Silvia Miksch TU Wien Institute of Visual Computing&Human-Centered TechnologyFavoritenstrasse 9–11A-1040 ViennaAustria Erste Group Bank AG Am Belvedere 1A-1100 ViennaAustria TU Wien Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in EconomicsWiedner Hauptstrasse 8–10A-1040 ViennaAustria University of Jyväskylä Department of Mathematics and StatisticsFI40014 JyväskyläFinland

Temporal Blind Source Separation(TBSS)is used to obtain the true underlying processes from noisy temporal multivariate data,such as *** has similarities to Principal Component Analysis(PCA)as it separates the input data into univariate components and is applicable to suitable datasets from various domains,such as medicine,finance,or civil *** TBSS’s broad applicability,the involved tasks are not well supported in current tools,which offer only text-based interactions and single static *** are limited in analyzing and comparing obtained results,which consist of diverse data such as matrices and sets of time ***,parameter settings have a big impact on separation performance,but as a consequence of improper tooling,analysts currently do not consider the whole parameter *** propose to solve these problems by applying visual analytics(VA)*** primary contribution is a design study for TBSS,which so far has not been explored by the visualization *** developed a task abstraction and visualization design in a user-centered design ***-specific assembling of well-established visualization techniques and algorithms to gain insights in the TBSS processes is our secondary *** present TBSSvis,an interactive web-based VA prototype,which we evaluated extensively in two interviews with five TBSS *** and observations from these interviews show that TBSSvis supports the actual workflow and combination of interactive visualizations that facilitate the tasks involved in analyzing TBSS results.

关键词： Blind source separation Ensemble visualization Visual analytics Parameter space exploration

Rail RCF damage quantification and comparison for different damage models

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Railway Engineering Science 2022年第1期30卷 23-40页

作者： Visakh V.Krishna Saeed Hossein-Nia Carlos Casanueva Sebastian Stichel Gerald Trummer klaus Six Department of Engineering Mechanics KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Virtual Vehicle Research GmbH GrazAustria

There are several fatigue-based approaches that estimate the evolution of rolling contact fatigue(RCF) on rails over time and built to be used in tandem with multibody simulations of vehicle dynamics. However, most of the models are not directly comparable with each other since they are based on different physical models even though they shall predict the same RCF damage at the *** article studies different approaches to quantifying RCF and puts forward a measure for the degree of agreement between them. The methodological framework studies various steps in the RCF quantification procedure within the context of one another, identifies the ‘primary quantification step’ in each approach and compares results of the fatigue analyses. In addition to this, two quantities—‘similarity’ and ‘correlation’—have been put forward to give an indication of mutual agreement between *** widely used surface-based and sub-surface-based fatigue quantification approaches with varying complexities have been studied. Different operational cases corresponding to a metro vehicle operation in Austria have been considered for this study. Results showed that the best possible quantity to compare is the normalized damage increment per loading cycle coming from different approaches. Amongst the methods studied, approaches that included the load distribution step on the contact patch showed higher similarity and correlation in their *** the different approaches might qualitatively agree on whether contact cases are ‘damaging’ due to RCF, they might not quantitatively correlate with the trends observed for damage increment values.

关键词： Rolling contact fatigue Rail surface damage Wedge model KTH model Surface fatigue index Multibody simulation Track-friendliness

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冷芯盒造型工艺与制芯技术的研究

铸造技术 2006年第11期27卷 1161-1164页

作者：刘刚强 klaus Loechte 上海欧区爱国际贸易有限公司上海201801

论述了目前使用较广泛的冷芯盒工艺的一些关键工序,参考德国铸造现状,着重从冷芯盒的树脂、原砂、混砂工艺、芯盒设计等方面进行了分析。对一些常见的铸造缺陷(例如脉纹),以及混制后砂型输送、射芯机制芯个数、型砂存放时间控制等作了... 详细信息

论述了目前使用较广泛的冷芯盒工艺的一些关键工序,参考德国铸造现状,着重从冷芯盒的树脂、原砂、混砂工艺、芯盒设计等方面进行了分析。对一些常见的铸造缺陷(例如脉纹),以及混制后砂型输送、射芯机制芯个数、型砂存放时间控制等作了简要的分析和建议。

关键词：冷芯盒砂树脂射芯机芯盒

A Novel Full-Euler Low Mach Number IMEX Splitting

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Communications in Computational Physics 2020年第1期27卷 292-320页

作者： Jonas Zeifang Jochen Schutz klaus Kaiser Andrea Beck Maria Lukacova-Medvid’ova Sebastian Noelle IAG Universiẗat StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 21DE-70569 StuttgartGermany Faculty of Sciences Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan Gebouw DBE-3590 DiepenbeekBelgium IGPM RWTH Aachen UniversityTemplergraben 55DE-52062 AachenGermany Institut f̈ur Mathematik Johannes Gutenberg-Universiẗat MainzStaudingerweg 9DE-55128 MainzGermany

In this paper,we introduce an extension of a splitting method for singularly perturbed equations,the socalled RS-IMEX splitting[Kaiser et al.,Journal of Scientific Computing,70(3),1390–1407],to deal with the fully compressible Euler *** straightforward application of the splitting yields sub-equations that are,due to the occurrence of complex eigenvalues,not hyperbolic.A modification,slightly changing the convective flux,is introduced that overcomes this *** is shown that the splitting gives rise to a discretization that respects the low-Mach number limit of the Euler equations;numerical results using finite volume and discontinuous Galerkin schemes show the potential of the discretization.

关键词： Euler equations low-Mach IMEX Runge-Kutta RS-IMEX

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低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统热力分析

化学工程 2006年第11期34卷 20-24页

作者：杨洛鹏沈胜强 klaus Genthner 大连理工大学动力工程系辽宁大连116024

建立了喷射器低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统的数学模型,计算分析了各种温度损失随温度的变化,并研究了顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽等参数对系统的造水比和生产单位质量淡水所需传热面积的影响。结果表明各种温度损失在末效蒸发器内... 详细信息

建立了喷射器低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统的数学模型,计算分析了各种温度损失随温度的变化,并研究了顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽等参数对系统的造水比和生产单位质量淡水所需传热面积的影响。结果表明各种温度损失在末效蒸发器内显著增加;喷射器低温多效蒸发系统的热力特性明显优于多效蒸发系统;通过增加顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽温度,可以实现系统的优化运行。

关键词：海水淡化低温多效蒸发喷射器蒸发器