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一个区域气候模式对南极2m气温的模拟及其评估

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中国科学：地球科学 2014年第4期44卷 715-722页

作者：辛羽飞卞林根 Annette RINKE klaus DETHLOFF 中国气象科学研究院北京100081 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院南京210044 Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven 27570 Germany

利用ERA40、NCEP 20世纪再分析资料和中国南极中山站到Dome-A断面考察资料,对德国极地与海洋研究所区域气候模式-HIRHAM模拟的南极2 m气温进行了评估,结果发现:(1)模拟的多年平均场空间特征与ERA40和NCEP 20世纪再分析较为接近.(2)模拟... 详细信息

利用ERA40、NCEP 20世纪再分析资料和中国南极中山站到Dome-A断面考察资料,对德国极地与海洋研究所区域气候模式-HIRHAM模拟的南极2 m气温进行了评估,结果发现:(1)模拟的多年平均场空间特征与ERA40和NCEP 20世纪再分析较为接近.(2)模拟存在冷偏差,整个南极地区与EAR40偏冷1.8℃,与NCEP 20世纪再分析偏冷5.1℃.(3)与EAR40偏差存在季节差异,夏季偏冷3.4℃,秋季偏暖0.004℃.进一步分析发现,HIRHAM模式模拟的近地层大气湍流状况与实际状况不同是2 m气温模拟偏差产生的原因:(1)南极夏季近地层观测样本中逆温和非逆温并存,原因是感热通量正负并存,但HIRHAM模式模拟基本全为逆温状况和负感热通量.(2)南极秋、冬季观测基本全为逆温,HIRHAM与之较为吻合,这部分解释了秋、冬季节模式模拟偏差不大的原因.

关键词：区域模式 2m气温逆温感热通量

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TBSSvis:Visual analytics for Temporal Blind Source Separation

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Visual Informatics 2022年第4期6卷 51-66页

作者： Nikolaus Piccolotto Markus Bögl Theresia Gschwandtner Christoph Muehlmann klaus Nordhausen Peter Filzmoser Silvia Miksch TU Wien Institute of Visual Computing&Human-Centered TechnologyFavoritenstrasse 9–11A-1040 ViennaAustria Erste Group Bank AG Am Belvedere 1A-1100 ViennaAustria TU Wien Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in EconomicsWiedner Hauptstrasse 8–10A-1040 ViennaAustria University of Jyväskylä Department of Mathematics and StatisticsFI40014 JyväskyläFinland

Temporal Blind Source Separation(TBSS)is used to obtain the true underlying processes from noisy temporal multivariate data,such as *** has similarities to Principal Component Analysis(PCA)as it separates the input data into univariate components and is applicable to suitable datasets from various domains,such as medicine,finance,or civil *** TBSS’s broad applicability,the involved tasks are not well supported in current tools,which offer only text-based interactions and single static *** are limited in analyzing and comparing obtained results,which consist of diverse data such as matrices and sets of time ***,parameter settings have a big impact on separation performance,but as a consequence of improper tooling,analysts currently do not consider the whole parameter *** propose to solve these problems by applying visual analytics(VA)*** primary contribution is a design study for TBSS,which so far has not been explored by the visualization *** developed a task abstraction and visualization design in a user-centered design ***-specific assembling of well-established visualization techniques and algorithms to gain insights in the TBSS processes is our secondary *** present TBSSvis,an interactive web-based VA prototype,which we evaluated extensively in two interviews with five TBSS *** and observations from these interviews show that TBSSvis supports the actual workflow and combination of interactive visualizations that facilitate the tasks involved in analyzing TBSS results.

关键词： Blind source separation Ensemble visualization Visual analytics Parameter space exploration

Rail RCF damage quantification and comparison for different damage models

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Railway Engineering Science 2022年第1期30卷 23-40页

作者： Visakh V.Krishna Saeed Hossein-Nia Carlos Casanueva Sebastian Stichel Gerald Trummer klaus Six Department of Engineering Mechanics KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Virtual Vehicle Research GmbH GrazAustria

There are several fatigue-based approaches that estimate the evolution of rolling contact fatigue(RCF) on rails over time and built to be used in tandem with multibody simulations of vehicle dynamics. However, most of the models are not directly comparable with each other since they are based on different physical models even though they shall predict the same RCF damage at the *** article studies different approaches to quantifying RCF and puts forward a measure for the degree of agreement between them. The methodological framework studies various steps in the RCF quantification procedure within the context of one another, identifies the ‘primary quantification step’ in each approach and compares results of the fatigue analyses. In addition to this, two quantities—‘similarity’ and ‘correlation’—have been put forward to give an indication of mutual agreement between *** widely used surface-based and sub-surface-based fatigue quantification approaches with varying complexities have been studied. Different operational cases corresponding to a metro vehicle operation in Austria have been considered for this study. Results showed that the best possible quantity to compare is the normalized damage increment per loading cycle coming from different approaches. Amongst the methods studied, approaches that included the load distribution step on the contact patch showed higher similarity and correlation in their *** the different approaches might qualitatively agree on whether contact cases are ‘damaging’ due to RCF, they might not quantitatively correlate with the trends observed for damage increment values.

关键词： Rolling contact fatigue Rail surface damage Wedge model KTH model Surface fatigue index Multibody simulation Track-friendliness

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冷芯盒造型工艺与制芯技术的研究

铸造技术 2006年第11期27卷 1161-1164页

作者：刘刚强 klaus Loechte 上海欧区爱国际贸易有限公司上海201801

论述了目前使用较广泛的冷芯盒工艺的一些关键工序,参考德国铸造现状,着重从冷芯盒的树脂、原砂、混砂工艺、芯盒设计等方面进行了分析。对一些常见的铸造缺陷(例如脉纹),以及混制后砂型输送、射芯机制芯个数、型砂存放时间控制等作了... 详细信息

论述了目前使用较广泛的冷芯盒工艺的一些关键工序,参考德国铸造现状,着重从冷芯盒的树脂、原砂、混砂工艺、芯盒设计等方面进行了分析。对一些常见的铸造缺陷(例如脉纹),以及混制后砂型输送、射芯机制芯个数、型砂存放时间控制等作了简要的分析和建议。

关键词：冷芯盒砂树脂射芯机芯盒

A Novel Full-Euler Low Mach Number IMEX Splitting

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Communications in Computational Physics 2020年第1期27卷 292-320页

作者： Jonas Zeifang Jochen Schutz klaus Kaiser Andrea Beck Maria Lukacova-Medvid’ova Sebastian Noelle IAG Universiẗat StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 21DE-70569 StuttgartGermany Faculty of Sciences Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan Gebouw DBE-3590 DiepenbeekBelgium IGPM RWTH Aachen UniversityTemplergraben 55DE-52062 AachenGermany Institut f̈ur Mathematik Johannes Gutenberg-Universiẗat MainzStaudingerweg 9DE-55128 MainzGermany

In this paper,we introduce an extension of a splitting method for singularly perturbed equations,the socalled RS-IMEX splitting[Kaiser et al.,Journal of Scientific Computing,70(3),1390–1407],to deal with the fully compressible Euler *** straightforward application of the splitting yields sub-equations that are,due to the occurrence of complex eigenvalues,not hyperbolic.A modification,slightly changing the convective flux,is introduced that overcomes this *** is shown that the splitting gives rise to a discretization that respects the low-Mach number limit of the Euler equations;numerical results using finite volume and discontinuous Galerkin schemes show the potential of the discretization.

关键词： Euler equations low-Mach IMEX Runge-Kutta RS-IMEX

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低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统热力分析

化学工程 2006年第11期34卷 20-24页

作者：杨洛鹏沈胜强 klaus Genthner 大连理工大学动力工程系辽宁大连116024

建立了喷射器低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统的数学模型,计算分析了各种温度损失随温度的变化,并研究了顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽等参数对系统的造水比和生产单位质量淡水所需传热面积的影响。结果表明各种温度损失在末效蒸发器内... 详细信息

建立了喷射器低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统的数学模型,计算分析了各种温度损失随温度的变化,并研究了顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽等参数对系统的造水比和生产单位质量淡水所需传热面积的影响。结果表明各种温度损失在末效蒸发器内显著增加;喷射器低温多效蒸发系统的热力特性明显优于多效蒸发系统;通过增加顶值盐水温度、蒸发器效数和动力蒸汽温度,可以实现系统的优化运行。

关键词：海水淡化低温多效蒸发喷射器蒸发器

Medical foods in USA at a glance

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Journal of Future Foods 2021年第2期1卷 141-145页

作者： Shiming Li Chi-Tang Ho klaus W.Langec College of Life Sciences Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China Department of Food Science Rutgers UniversityNew Jersey 08901USA Department of Experimental Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

Increasing interest in attaining an optimal health have longstanding and are imperative for consumers,medical and health researchers and functional food scientists and producers among *** food is defi ned as foods that have a biological function with a very broad range of coverage including natural and conventional foods with reported bioactivities,dietary supplements and medical *** concept is inclusively broad and *** food is a specifi c class of functional foods with clear defi nition and limited coverage to guarantee its *** review introduced the defi nition of medical food by the US Food and Drug Administration,intended to clarify the differences among medical food,dietary supplements and conventional foods,and 1isted some examples of medical food products developed in the US.

关键词： Medical food Dietary supplement Functional food Nutraceuticals

德国北部挪威云杉林可持续经营计划中空间目标的优化

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林业科学研究 2008年第3期21卷 279-288页

作者：陈伯望 klaus von Gadow 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所北京100091 Institut filr Waldinventur und Waldwachstum der Universitat Gottingen Busgenweg 5 D-37077 Gottingen Germany

根据德国北部挪威云杉林相邻林分间的特定地理关系,包括林分重心间的距离和共同边界的长度,建立了德国北部挪威云杉林经营的一个空间优化模型,该模型是一种新的空间优化方法。地理数据从G IS中获得并保存到数据库中,数据库还包括林分选... 详细信息

根据德国北部挪威云杉林相邻林分间的特定地理关系,包括林分重心间的距离和共同边界的长度,建立了德国北部挪威云杉林经营的一个空间优化模型,该模型是一种新的空间优化方法。地理数据从G IS中获得并保存到数据库中,数据库还包括林分选项和相应的目标方程值等内容。首先使用了一个由41个林分组成的林班,每个林分21个选项,采用模拟退火的方法来分别和综合优化经济模型、均衡产出模型和空间模型,并将它们的结果方案与具最大净现值的方案进行比较。当均衡产出和空间2个组成部分逐一加入到目标方程后,它们显著地改进了结果方案,而经济目标只有中等程度的下降。

关键词：挪威云杉模拟退火收获计划均衡产出空间模型

Adverse events of sacral neuromodulation for fecal incontinence reported to the federal drug administration

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第2期7卷 294-305页

作者： klaus Bielefeldt Division of Gastroenterology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

AIM:To investigate the nature and severity of AE related to sacral neurostimulation(SNS).METHODS:Based on Pubmed and Embase searches,we identified published trials and case series of SNS for fecal incontinence(FI)and extracted data on adverse events,requiring an active *** problems were operationally defined as infection,device removal explant or need for lead and/or generator *** addition,we analyzed the Manufacturer and User Device Experience registry of the Federal Drug Administration for the months of August-October *** were included if the report specifically mentioned gastrointestinal(GI),bowel and FI as indication and if the narrative did not focus on bladder *** classification,reporter,the date of the recorded complaint,time between initial implant and report,the type of AE,steps taken and outcome were extracted from the *** cases of device removal or replacement,we looked for confirmatory comments by healthcare providers or the ***:Published studies reported adverse events and reoperation rates for 1954 patients,followed for 27(1-117)*** rates were 18.6%(14.2-23.9)with device explants accounting for 10.0%(7.8-12.7)of secondary surgeries;rates of device replacement or explant or pocket site and electrode revisions increased with longer follow *** the period examined,the FDA received 1684 reports of AE related to SNS with FI or GI listed as indication.A total of 652 reports met the inclusion criteria,with 52.7%specifically listing *** or loss of benefit(48.9%),pain or dysesthesia(27.8%)and complication at the generator implantation site(8.7%)were most commonly *** led to secondary surgeries in 29.7%of the *** were performed to explant(38.2%)or replace(46.5%)the device or a lead,or revise the generator pocket(14.6%).Conservative management changes mostly involved changes in stimulation parameters(44.5%),which successfully addressed concerns in 35.

关键词： Sacral nerve stimulation Implanted medical devices Treatment complications Defecation disorders Device registry