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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第8期59卷 802-810页

作者： Oleksandra Tiapko Bernadett Bacsa Gema Guedes de la Cruz Toma Glasnov klaus Groschner Institute of Biophysics Medical University of GrazBio Tech Med-GrazHarrachgasse 21Graz 8010Austria Institute of Chemistry University of GrazNAWI GrazBio Tech Med-GrazHeinrichstrasse 28Graz 8010Austria

Photouncaging of second messengers has been successfully employed to gain mechanistic insight of cellular signaling path- ways. One of the most enigmatic processes of ion channel regulation is lipid recognition and lipid-gating of TRPC channels, which represents pivotal mechanisms of cellular Ca2＋ homeostasis. Recently, optopharmacological tools including caged lipid mediators became available, enabling an unprecedented level of temporal and spatial control of the activating lipid species within a cellular environment. Here we tested a commonly used caged ligand approach for suitability to investigate TRPC sig- naling at the level of membrane conductance and cellular Ca2＋ handling. We report a specific photouncaging artifact that is triggered by the cage structure coumarin at UV illumination. Electrophysiological characterization identified a light-dependent membrane effect of coumarin. UV light （340 nm） as used for photouncaging, initiated a membrane conductance specifically in the presence of coumarin as low as 30 pmol L-1 concentrations. This conductance masked the TRPC3 conductance evoked by photouncaging, while TRPC-mediated cellular Ca2＋ responses were largely preserved. The observed light-induced membrane effects of the released caging moiety may well interfere with certain cellular functions, and prompt caution in using couma- fin-caged second messengers in cellular studies.

关键词： caged diacylglycerols TRPC channels Ca2+ signaling optopharmacology

Behavioral assessment of hippocampal function following dietary intervention

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第3期7卷 229-233页

作者： klaus W.Lange Ewelina Stollberg Yukiko Nakamura Joachim Hauser Department of Experimental Psychology University of Regensburg93040 RegensburgGermany

Pattern separation keeps items distinct in memory and is mediated by the hippocampus.A relationship between hippocampal function and diet quality has been suggested by findings in both humans and *** the present study,rats were fed over seven generations a diet containing increased amounts of sugar and saturated fatty acids,reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and an increased ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids(“Western”diet).Spatial pattern separation(or local discrimination)performance of these animals was compared with that of rats fed a standard diet.A separation-dependent difference between the standard and Western diet groups was found in the number of discriminations performed in the pattern separation task,with rats of the“Western”group performing fewer *** present results suggest that behavioral assessment of spatial pattern separation can detect effects of dietary interventions in rats and that pattern separation can be impaired by transgenerational administration of a“Western”*** studies should determine which components of this diet induce the memory impairments related to the *** translational relevance of these findings in regard to mental disorders such as dementia and depression needs to be investigated.

关键词： Memory Hippocampus Western diet Fatty acids Sugar

Near-infrared-reflection spectroscopy as measuring method to determine the state of the process for automatic control of anaerobic digestion

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第2期6卷 63-72页

作者： Andrea Stockl Daniel Löffler Hans Oechsner Thomas Jungbluth klaus Fischer Martin Kranert State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy University of Hohenheim70593 Stuttgart-PlieningenGermany Institute for Sanitary Engineering Water Quality and Solid Waste ManagementUniversity of StuttgartBandtäle 270569 StuttgartGermany State Institute of Agricultural Engineering Livestock System EngineeringUniversity of Hohenheim70593 Stuttgart-PlieningenGermany

A recently developed control strategy for the anaerobic digestion process requires secure knowledge about the state of the *** near infrared reflection spectroscopy(NIRS),provides the possibility to determine process parameters of the anaerobic digestion process online and directly at the *** investigate if the NIRS measurements can successfully be used for the characterization of the state of the process within the control strategy the control was operated on two experimental *** NIR spectra were recorded during the *** values of the process parameters(mainly concentrations of organic acids)obtained by NIRS differ from the values of the chemical analyses during the *** the state of the process is categorized equally on the basis of both measurement *** can consequently be stated that NIRS is expected to meet the requirements of the control strategy.

关键词： near-infrared-reflection spectroscopy(NIRS) state of the process automatic process control anaerobic digestion biogas

The effects of additive outliers in INAR(1) process and robust estimation

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2018年第2期2卷 206-214页

作者： Marcelo Bourguignon klaus L.P.Vasconcellos Departamento de Estatística Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteNatalRNBrazil Departamento de Estatística Cidade UniversitáriaUniversidade Federal de PernambucoRecifePEBrazil

In this paper, methods based on ranks and signs for estimating the parameters of thefirst-order integer-valued autoregressive model in the presence of additive outliers are proposed. In particular, we use the robust sample autocorrelations based on ranks and signsto obtain estimators for the parameters of the Poisson INAR(1) process. The effects ofadditive outliers on the estimates of parameters of integer-valued time series are examined. Some numerical results of the estimators are presented with a discussion of theobtained results. The proposed methods are applied to a dataset concerning the numberof different IP addresses accessing the server of the pages of the Department of Statistics of the University of Würzburg. The results presented here give motivation to use themethodology in practical situations in which Poisson INAR(1) process contains additiveoutliers.

关键词： Additive outliers Poisson INAR(1)process robustness squared difference estimator

Simulations of THM processes in buffer-rock barriers of high-level waste disposal in an argillaceous formation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2013年第4期5卷 277-286页

作者： Xiaoshuo Li Chunliang Zhang klaus-Jürgen Rhlig Institute of Disposal Research Clausthal University of Technology Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit mbH Braunschweig 38118Germany

The main objective of this paper is to investigate and analyse the thermo-hydro-mechanical（THM） coupling phenomena and their influences on the repository *** this paper,the high-level waste（HLW） disposal concept in drifts in clay formation with backfilled bentonite buffer is represented numerically using the CODE BRIGHT developed by the Technical University of Catalonia in *** parameters of clay and bentonite used in the simulation are determined by laboratory and in situ *** calculation results are presented to show the hydro-mechanical（HM） processes during the operation phase and the THM processes in the after-closure *** to the simulation results,the most probable critical processes for the disposal project have been represented and *** work also provides an input for additional development regarding the design,assessment and validation of the HLW disposal concept.

关键词： Thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM) coupling processes Clay formation Unsaturated porous media Bentonite buffer CODE BRIGHT

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Tea and depression

Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第3期11卷 476-482页

作者： klaus W.Lange Yukiko Nakamura Katharina M.Lange Hui Zhao Department of Experimental Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology University of CommerceTianjin 300134China

The available evidence,which derives from studies investigating mechanistic effects of tea,research on animal models as well as epidemiological studies and intervention trials in humans,suggests that compounds contained in tea may have the potential to aid in the prevention of depression or in its treatment as an addition to established therapies.A wide range of potentially antidepressive biological activities of tea components have been ***,the mechanisms of tea phytochemicals possibly capable of decreasing the risk of depressive symptoms are complex,multifaceted and not well *** pharmacological effects on circumscribed neurobiological systems may be produced not by individual tea components but rather by the synergistic action of various compounds on multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved in *** epidemiological studies have generally demonstrated beneficial effects of tea consumption on mood and depressive symptoms,cross-sectional studies are unable to prove a cause-effect *** positive effects on mood could be firmly established,tea drinking could support mental ***,the moderate antidepressive effects observed in healthy people are not necessarily indicative of possible clinical effects in major depressive *** controlled intervention studies are needed to establish a causal relationship between bioactive compounds in tea and depression.

关键词： Depression Tea L-theanine Prevention Treatment

Sources of variability in laboratory rock test results

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第5期13卷 985-1001页

作者： Rashid Geranmayeh Vaneghi Seyed Erfan Saberhosseini Arcady VDyskin klaus Thoeni Mostafa Sharifzadeh Mohammad Sarmadivaleh WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityKalgoorlieWA6430Australia Northern Star Resources KalgoorlieWA6430Australia Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad UniversityTehranIran School of Civil Environmental and Mining EngineeringThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia Centre for Geotechnical Science and Engineering The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW2308Australia WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityKensingtonPerthWA6151Australia

Appropriate rock characterization is beneficial in providing a reliable judgment on rock properties which is crucial for the design process of rock engineering ***,it can be difficult to obtain consistent mechanical parameters due to substantial variations in rock *** this research,uniaxial compression tests on dolerite specimens collected from a gold mine in Western Australia showed substantial scatter in the *** categorization based on the P-wave velocities is as accurate as the thin section analysis,which suggests that they can be used together to gain a more accurate initial understanding of the rock types before any laboratory *** quality of specimen preparation and rockemachine interaction greatly affect the test *** instance,non-parallelness of loading platens can lead to considerable scatter of the testing results,which would be perceived as rock *** is suggested that the current testing standards should be modified towards a better control of the loading machine performance and equipment ***,the possibility of pre-existing microcracks in rock,neither detected by the thin section analysis nor by the ultrasonic measurement,must be examined by computed tomography(CT)scanning as they can affect the test *** study will enhance our knowledge about the sources of variability in laboratory test results of rock which is essential for obtaining reliable data.

关键词： Rock property variation Uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) Specimen preparation End flatness Loading equipment precision Pre-existing microcrack

Temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition varies with biochar application and soil type

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Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 336-342页

作者： Tatiana FRITTL Luiza CANISARES Edvaldo SAGRILO klaus BUTTERBACH-BAHL Michael DANNENMANN Carlos EPCERRI Soil Science Department Luiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900(Brazil Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Meteorology and Climate ResearchAtmospheric Environmental Research(IMK-IFU)Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467Germany Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation(Embrapa Meio-Norte) TeresinaPiauí70770-901Brazil

Biochar application has the potential to improve soil fertility and increase soil carbon stock, especially in tropical regions. Information on the temperature sensitivity of carbon dioxide(CO2) evolution from biochar-amended soils at very high temperatures, as observed for tropical surface soils, is limited but urgently needed for the development of region-specific biochar management targeted to optimize biochar effects on soil functions. Here, we investigated the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration to the addition of different rates of Miscanthus biochar(0, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 Mg ha-1) in two types of soils with contrasting textures. Biochar-amended soil treatments and their controls were incubated at constant temperatures of 20, 30, and 40℃. Overall, our results show that: i) considering data from all treatments and temperatures, the addition of biochar decreased soil CO2 emissions when compared to untreated soils;ii) CO2 emissions from biochar-amended soils had a higher temperature sensitivity than those from biochar-free soils;iii) the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in sandy soils was higher than that in clay soils;and iv) for clay soils, relative increases in soil CO2 emissions from biochar-amended soils were higher when the temperature increased from 30 to 40℃, while for sandy soils, the highest temperature responses of soil respiration were observed when increasing the temperature from 20 to 30℃. Together, these findings suggest a significantly reduced potential to increase soil organic carbon stocks when Miscanthus biochar is applied to tropical soils at high surface temperatures, which could be counteracted by the soil-and weather-specific timing of biochar application.

关键词： carbon dioxide clay soil greenhouse gas emission Miscanthus biochar sandy soil tropical soil

Hypoplastic particle finite element model for cutting tool-soil interaction simulations:Numerical analysis and experimental validation

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Underground Space 2018年第1期3卷 61-71页

作者： Abdiel Ramon Leon Bal Ulrich Hoppe Thai Son Dang klaus Hackl Günther Meschke Inustitute for Structural Mechanics Ruhr-Uniuersitdit BochunGermany Inustitute of Mechanics of Materials Ruhr-Universitit BochunGermany

This study presents numerical and experimental models for the analysis of the excavation of soft soils by means of a cutting *** computational model is constructed using an Updated Lagrangean(UL)velocity-based Finite Element approach.A hypoplastic formu-lation is employed to describe the constitutive behavior of soft *** displacements and deformations of the ground resulting from the cutting tool-soil interaction are handled by means of the Particle Finite Element method,characterized by a global re-meshing strat-egy and a boundary identiﬁcation procedure called a-shape *** capabilities and performance of the proposed model are demonstrated through comparative analyses between experiments and simulations of cutting tool-soft soil *** experiments are performed using an excavation device at Ruhr-Universita¨t Bochum(RUB),*** main details concerning the setup and calibration and evolution of the measured draft forces are *** computational results characterizing the cutting tool-soft soil interaction including the topology of the free surface,void ratio distribution ahead of the tool,spatio-temporal evolution of the reaction forces and abrasive wear behavior are evaluated.

关键词： Velocity-basedﬁnite elements formulation Hypoplasticity Large deformations Particleﬁnite elements Cutting tool-soil interaction Excavation experiments

rePROBE:Workflow for Revised Probe Assignment and Updated Probe-set Annotation in Microarrays

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第6期19卷 1043-1049页

作者： Frieder Hadlich Henry Reyer Michael Oster Nares Trakooljul Eduard Muráni Siriluck Ponsuksili klaus Wimmers Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology(FBN) Institute of Genome BiologyD-18196 DummerstorfGermany Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of RostockD-18059 RostockGermany

Commercial and customized microarrays are valuable tools for the analysis of holistic expression patterns,but require the integration of the latest genomic *** study provides a comprehensive workflow implemented in an R package(rePROBE)to assign the entire probes and to annotate the probe sets based on up-to-date genomic and transcriptomic *** rePROBE package can be applied to available gene expression microarray platforms and addresses both public and custom *** revised probe assignment and updated probe-set annotation are applied to commercial microarrays available for different livestock species,i.e.,chicken(Gallus gallus;ChiGene-1_0-st:443,579 probes and 18,530 probe sets),pig(Sus scrofa;PorGene-1_1-st:592,005 probes and 25,779 probe sets),and cattle(Bos Taurus;BovGene-1_0-st:530,717 probes and 24,759 probe sets),as well as available for human(Homo sapiens;HuGene-1_0-st)and mouse(Mus musculus HT_MG-430_PM).Using current species-specific transcriptomic information(RefSeq,Ensembl,and partially non-redundant nucleotide sequences)and genomic information,the applied workflow reveals 297,574 probes(15,689 probe sets)for chicken,384,715 probes(21,673 probe sets)for pig,363,077 probes(21,238 probe sets)for cattle,481,168 probes(23,495 probe sets)for human,and 324,942 probes(32,494 probe sets)for *** are representative of 12,641,15,758,18,046,20,167,and 16,335 unique genes that are both annotated and positioned for chicken,pig,cattle,human,and mouse,***,the workflow collects information on the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within respective targeted genomic regions and thus provides a detailed basis for comprehensive analyses such as expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)studies to identify quantitative and functional *** rePROBE R package is freely available at https://***/friederhadlich/rePROBE.

关键词： Mapping Microarray Probe assignment Probe-set annotation Genomic database