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Involvement of sweet pepper Ca LOX2 in jasmonate-dependent induced defence against Western flower thrips

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第10期61卷 1085-1098页

作者： Sandeep J Sarde klaas bouwmeester Jhon Venegas-Molina Anja David Wilhelm Boland Marcel Dicke Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University P.O. Box 16 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University P.O. Box 16 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 D-07745 Jena Germany

Insect herbivory can seriously hinder plant performance and reduce crop yield. Thrips are minute cell-content-feeding insects that are important vectors of viral plant pathogens, and are serious crop pests. We investigated the role of a sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) lipoxygenase gene, CaLOX2, in the defense of pepper plants against Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). This was done through a combination of in-silico, transcrip-tional, behavioral andchemicalanalyses.Our datashowthat CaLOX2 is involved in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and mediates plant resistance. Expression of the JA-related marker genes, CaLOX2 and CaPIN II, was induced by thrips feeding. Silencing of CaLOX2 in pepper plants through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) resulted in low levels of CaLOX2 transcripts, as well as significant reduction in the accumulation of JA, and its derivatives, upon thrips feeding compared to control plants. CaLOX2-silenced pepper plants exhibited enhanced susceptibility to thrips. This indicates that CaLOX2 mediates JA-dependent signaling, resulting in defenseagainstthrips. Furthermore,exogenous application of JA to pepper plants increased plant resistance to thrips, constrained thrips population development and made plants less attractive to thrips. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach shows that an intact lipoxygenase pathway mediates various components of sweet pepper defense against F. occidentalis.

关键词： Western flower thrips sweet pepper CaLOX2 jasmonate

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MINI-EX:Integrative inference of single-cell gene regulatory networks in plants

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Molecular Plant 2022年第11期15卷 1807-1824页

作者： Camilla Ferrari Nicolás Manosalva Pérez klaas Vandepoele Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium Center for Plant Systems Biology VIB9052 GhentBelgium Bioinformatics Institute Ghent Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium

Multicellular organisms,such as plants,are characterized by highly specialized and tightly regulated cell populations,establishing specific morphological structures and executing distinct functions.Gene regulatory networks(GRNs)describe condition-specific interactions of transcription factors(TFs)regulating the expression of target genes,underpinning these specific functions.As efficient and validated methods to identify cell-type-specific GRNs from single-cell data in plants are lacking,limiting our understanding of the organization of specific cell types in both model species and crops,we developed MINI-EX(Motif-Informed Network Inference based on single-cell EXpression data),an integrative approach to infer cell-type-specific networks in plants.MINI-EX uses single-cell transcriptomic data to define expression-based networks and integrates TF motif information to filter the inferred regulons,resulting in networks with increased accuracy.Next,regulons are assigned to different cell types,leveraging cell-specific expression,and candidate regulators are prioritized using network centrality measures,functional annotations,and expression specificity.This embedded prioritization strategy offers a unique and efficient means to unravel signaling cascades in specific cell types controlling a biological process of interest.We demonstrate the stability of MINI-EX toward input data sets with low number of cells and its robustness toward missing data,and show that it infers state-of-the-art networks with a better performance compared with other related single-cell network tools.MINI-EX successfully identifies key regulators controlling root development in Arabidopsis and rice,leaf development in Arabidopsis,and ear development in maize,enhancing our understanding of cell-type-specific regulation and unraveling the roles of different regulators controlling the development of specific cell types in plants.

关键词： single-cell RNA-seq gene regulatory network transcription factors systems biology

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Staying home or leaving for a party:tissue-dependent choices of tissue-resident memory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 651-652页

作者： klaas P.J.M.van Gisbergen Joke M.M.den Haan Department of Hematopoiesis Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam UMCUniversity of Amsterdam1066CXAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology Cancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

CD8+T cells differentiate into different types of memory T cells after priming in the lymphoid organs.Central memory T cells selectively express lymph node homing markers and recirculate between the blood and the secondary lymphoid organs.Effector memory T cells lack lymph node homing capacity,mainly circulate in the blood,and may enter peripheral tissues.The third subset consists of tissue-resident memory T(Trm)cells that express CD69 and adhesion molecules such as CD11a,CD103,and CD49a that prevent tissue egress.

关键词： organs lymphoid CD69

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A physically active lifestyle is related to a lower level of skin autofluorescence in a large population with chronic-disease(LifeLines cohort)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 260-265页

作者： Saskia Corine van de Zande Jeroen klaas de Vries Inge van den Akker-Scheek Johannes Zwerver Andries Jan Smit Department of Internal Medicine Division of Vascular MedicineUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Antonius Hospital SneekSneek8601 ZKthe Netherlands Department of Orthopaedics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Center for Human Movement Sciences University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Sports Valley Gelderse Vallei HospitalEde6716 RPthe Netherlands

Background:Physical activity(PA)has substantial health benefits and is important in combatting chronic diseases,which have been associated with elevated levels of advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs).AGEs play a role in the aging process,and an association between PA and AGEs has been reported.We aimed to investigate the relationship between PA and AGE accumulation in a general population and in a population with chronic diseases.Methods:This large cross-sectional population study used data from adult participants in the LifeLines project,with participant information drawn from the LifeLines database as well data from patients with diabetes mellitus or renal and/or cardiovascular diseases.Tissue AGE accumulation was assessed non-invasively by skin-autofluorescence(SAF)using an AGE reader(DiagnOptics Technologies BV,Groningen,the Netherlands).PA was assessed using the short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity(SQUASH).Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age,body mass index,sex,and smoking status.Results:Data from 63,452 participants(general population n=59,177,chronic disease n=4275)were analyzed.The general population was significantly younger(43.58±11.77 years,mean±SD)and had significantly lower SAF(1.90±0.42 arbitrary units(AU))compared to the population with chronic disease(age:55.51±12.07 years;SAF:2.27±0.51 AU).In the group with chronic disease,more hours of moderate to vigorous physical activities per week were associated with lower SAF(β=-0.002,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-0.002 to-0.001).For the general population,there was no association between hours of moderate to vigorous activity and SAF(β=3.2×10^(-5),95%CI:0.000-0.001,p=0.742).However,there was an association in the general population between total hours of PA per week and SAF(β=4.2×10^(-4),95%CI:0.000-0.001,p<0.001),but this association was not found in the chronic disease population(β=-3.2×10^(-4),95%CI:-0.001 to 0.000,p=0.347).Conclusion:Our study demonstrates that an inverse relationship exists betwe

关键词： Advanced glycation endproducts Chronic disease population General population Physical activity Skin autofluorescence

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The Marginal Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter for Mixed Linear/Nonlinear State Space Models

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2007年第4期20卷 346-352页

作者： Yin Jianjun Zhang Jianqiu Mike klaas Department of Electronic Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T1Z4 Canada

In this paper, the marginal Rao-Blackwellized particle filter （MRBPF）, which fuses the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter （RBPF） algorithm and the marginal particle filter （MPF） algorithm, is presented. The state space is divided into linear and non-linear parts, which can be estimated separately by the MPF and the optional Kalman filter. Through simulation in the terrain aided navigation （TAN） domain, it is demonstrated that, compared with the RBPF, the root mean square errors （RMSE） and the error variance of the nonlinear state estimations by the proposed MRBPF are respectively reduced by 29% and 96%, while the unique particle count is increased by 80%. It is also found that the MRBPF has better convergence properties, and analysis has shown that the existing RBPF is nothing more than a special case of the MRBPF.

关键词： signal processing marginal Rao-Blackwellized particle filter simulation mixed linear/nonlinear terrain aided navigation

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Can intraluminal devices prevent or reduce colorectal anastomotic leakage:A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第40期17卷 4461-4469页

作者： Annelien N Morks klaas Havenga Rutger J Ploeg Division of Abdominal Surgery Department of Surgery University Medical Center Groningen 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands

Colorectal anastomotic leakage is a serious complication of colorectal surgery, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. In recent decades, many strategies aimed at lowering the incidence of anastomotic leakage have been examined. The focus of this review will be on mechanical aids protecting the colonic anastomosis against leakage. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Collaborative library for all papers related to prevention of anastomotic leakage by placement of a device in the colon. Devices were categorised as decompression devices, intracolonic devices, and biodegradable devices. A decompression device functions by keeping the anal sphincter open, thereby lowering the intraluminal pressure and lowering the pressure on the anastomosis. Intracolonic devices do not prevent the formation of dehiscence. However, they prevent the faecal load from contacting the anastomotic site, thereby preventing leakage of faeces into the peritoneal cavity. Many attempts have been made to find a device that decreases the incidence of AL;however, to date, none of the devices have been widely accepted.

关键词：减压装置直肠腔内 CAN 机械设备 MEDLINE 可生物降解文献检索

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Applications of Blockchain Technology in marketing—A systematic review of marketing technology companies

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第3期2卷 79-87页

作者： Valerio Stallone Martin Wetzels Michael klaas Zurich University of Applied Sciences Theaterstrasse 178401WinterthurSwitzerland Maastricht University 6200MD Maastrichtthe Netherlands

Given the emerging nature of integrating Blockchain Technology(BCT)into several business fields concerning the interaction between companies and their customers,this study aims to investigate the applications of BCT in marketing through an accurate procedure of locating,selecting and analyzing existing companies using BCT in marketing.A sample that consists of 800 companies was identified using web-scraping methods.The data set was collected from initial coin offerings(ICO)websites as well as from an existing,older landscape of applications.The data set was then intensively analyzed in order to be categorized into five fields of marketing technology.Advertising and ecommerce outgrew the other fields of social&relationship,content&experience and data in absolute numbers,revealing the focus of practitioners in the past as well as gaps for the future.The authors provided future directions for researchers on and development of tools to systematically generate knowledge and improve the application of BCT and the work of practitioners in marketing.

关键词： Blockchain Marketing Blockchain applications Blockchain in marketing

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Particle-Image Velocimetry and Force Measurements of Leading-Edge Serrations on Owl-Based Wing Models

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第3期11卷 423-438页

作者： Andrea Winzen Benedikt Roidl Stephan Klan Michael klaas Wolfgang Schroder Institute of Aerodynamics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

High-resolution Particle-Image Velocimetry （PIV） and time-resolved force measurements were performed to analyze the impact of the comb-like structure on the leading edge of barn owl wings on the flow field and overall aerodynamic performance. The Reynolds number was varied in the range of 40,000 to 120,000 and the range of angle of attack was 0° to 6° for the PIV and -15° to ＋20° for the force measurements to cover the full flight envelope of the owl. As a reference, a wind-tunnel model which possessed a geometry based on the shape of a typical barn owl wing without any owl-specific adaptations was built, and measurements were performed in the aforementioned Reynolds number and angle of attack： range. This clean wing model shows a separation bubble in the distal part of the wing at higher angles of attack. Two types of comb-like structures, i.e., artificial serrations, were manufactured to model the owl＇s leading edge with respect to its length, thickness, and material properties. The artificial structures were able to reduce the size of the separation region and additionally cause a more uniform size of the vortical structures shed by the separation bubble within the Reynolds number range investigated, resulting in stable gliding flight independent of the flight velocity. However, due to increased drag coefficients in conjunction with similar lift coefficients, the overall aerodynamic performance, i.e., lift-to-drag ratio is reduced for the serrated models. Nevertheless, especially at lower Reynolds numbers the stabilizing effect of the uniform vortex size outperforms the lower aerodynamic performance.

关键词： leading-edge serrations particle-image velocimetry owl-based wing models

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Numerical Simulation on Moisture Transport in Cracked Cement-based Materials in view of Self-healing of Crack

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2010年第6期25卷 1077-1081页

作者：黄浩良 BREUGEL klaas van Microlab Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of Technology

The moisture transport in cracked cement-based materials was investigated with priority by numerical simulation.The cracked cement-basis material was treated as two components system,including the cracks and cementitious mortar.The mass balance between the water in the cracks and in the cement mortar was considered.From the modeling results,it was seen that the water or vapor filled the crack immediately when the cracked cementitious mortar was put into contact with the water or vapor.The water/vapor penetrates into the mortar from the crack surfaces,as well as the external surface exposed in the outside condition.The existence of cracks increases the penetration of water/vapor into the cementitious mortar.As the basis for studying the self-healing in cracked concrete,the simulation on moisture transport provided important information about the water distribution and movement inside the cracked concrete.

关键词： moisture transport numerical simulation crack concrete

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Combining Market-Based Control with Distribution Grid Constraints when Coordinating Electric Vehicle Charging

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Engineering 2015年第4期1卷 453-465页

作者： Geert Deconinck klaas De Craemer Bert Claessens KU Leuven-Energy Ville VITO-Energy Ville

The charging of electric vehicles(EVs) impacts the distribution grid, and its cost depends on the price of electricity when charging. An aggregator that is responsible for a large fleet of EVs can use a market-based control algorithm to coordinate the charging of these vehicles, in order to minimize the costs. In such an optimization, the operational parameters of the distribution grid, to which the EVs are connected, are not considered. This can lead to violations of the technical constraints of the grid(e.g., undervoltage, phase unbalances); for example, because many vehicles start charging simultaneously when the price is low. An optimization that simultaneously takes the economic and technical aspects into account is complex, because it has to combine time-driven control at the market level with eventdriven control at the operational level. Diff erent case studies investigate under which circumstances the market-based control, which coordinates EV charging, conflicts with the operational constraints of the distribution grid. Especially in weak grids, phase unbalance and voltage issues arise with a high share of EVs. A low-level voltage droop controller at the charging point of the EV can be used to avoid many grid constraint violations, by reducing the charge power if the local voltage is too low. While this action implies a deviation from the cost-optimal operating point, it is shown that this has a very limited impact on the business case of an aggregator, and is able to comply with the technical distribution grid constraints, even in weak distribution grids with many EVs.

关键词：电动汽车充电电源控制算法配电网市场三相不平衡驱动控制违规行为

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