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Silicon photonics for telecom and data‐com applications

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2020年第10期3卷 31-56页

作者： kiyoshi Asakawa Yoshimasa Sugimoto Shigeru Nakamura Associate Program University of TsukubaTsukubaIbaraki 305-8571Japan. Nanotechnology Innovation Station National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan. Biometrics Research Laboratories NEC Corporation1131HinodeAbikoChiba 270-1198Japan.

In recent decades,silicon photonics has attracted much attention in telecom and data-com *** of high refractive-index contrast waveguides on silicon-on-insulator(SOI),a variety of integrated photonic passive and active devices have been implemented supported by excellent optical properties of silicon in the mid-infrared *** main advantage of the silicon photonics is the ability to use complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)process-compatible fabrication technologies,resulting in high-volume production at low *** the other hand,explosively growing traffic in the telecom,data center and high-performance computer demands the data flow to have high speed,wide bandwidth,low cost,and high energy-efficiency,as well as the photonics and electronics to be integrated for ultra-fast data transfer in *** practical applications,silicon photonics started with optical interconnect transceivers in the data-com first,and has been now extended to innovative applications such as multi-port optical switches in the telecom network node and integrated optical phased arrays(OPAs)in light detection and ranging(LiDAR).This paper overviews the progresses of silicon photonics from four points reflecting the recent advances mentioned ***-based silicon photonic platform technologies,applications to optical transceiver in the data-com network,applications to multi-port optical switches in the telecom network and applications to OPA in LiDAR system.

关键词： silicon photonics integration of photonics and electronics CMOS process-compatible fabrication optical interconnect transceiver optical multi-port switch optical phased array

An Examination of Institutional Bias in Providers of Legal Advisory Technical Assistance on Selected Trade and Investment Issues

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2017年第9期5卷 554-574页

作者： kiyoshi Adachi National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies Tokyo Japan

Developing countries sometimes request the assistance of intergovernmental organizations to help write new laws, policies, and regulations where they did not exist, to review draft legislation, or to assist in the updating and amendment of outdated laws and policies. This paper seeks to examine the extent to which policy advice provided by intergovernmental organizations differs depending upon the provider, and assesses the extent to which developing countries are conscious of those biases when they request technical assistance. Advice on the sensitive topics of intellectual property, investment, and competition that have been provided to policy makers of developing countries by different multilateral agencies is examined. On the supply side, the paper draws upon advisory reports published by the secretariats of international organizations. On the demand side, this review is complemented by a survey of the extent to which those requesting advice in developing countries are conscious of policy bias when they ask for advisory services.

关键词： intergovernmental organizations technical assistance policy advice bias developing countries intellectual property investment competition

Environmental Problems Related to Refractories——Some Discussions Based on Historical Surveys mainly in Japan

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China's Refractories 2005年第3期14卷 10-16页

作者： kiyoshi Sugita 7-15-105 Hachiyamacho Shibuya-ku Tokyo 150-0035 Japan

Major environmental problems related to refractories are discussed based on their historical studies mostly in Japan. Those issues have been experienced in a wide range of industrial scenes, from processing raw materials, making refractories to relining furnaces, handling after-use refractories. The key substances dealt with in this paper include, for example, suspended particulate, SOx and other exhaust gaseous emissions, hexa-valent chromium, and dioxin. The measures so far taken to avoid or reduce their influences upon environments are described with some future problems to be tackled.

关键词： Environment Refractories Dust,Exhaust gas SOx NOx F Carbon dioxide Hexavalent Cr Dioxin LCA

Prospective randomized controlled trial investigating the type of sutures used during hepatectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第18期17卷 2338-2342页

作者： Norifumi Harimoto Ken Shirabe Tomoyuki Abe Takafumi Yukaya Eiji Tsujita Tomonobu Gion kiyoshi Kajiyama Takashi Nagaie Department of Surgery Iizuka Hospital

AIM: To determine whether absorbable sutures or non-absorbable sutures are better in preventing surgical site infection (SSI), in this paper we discuss the results of a randomized clinical trial which examined the type of sutures used during hepatectomy. METHODS: All hepatic resections performed from January 2007 to November 2008 at the Department of Surgery at Iizuka Hospital in Japan were included in this study. There were 125 patients randomly assigned to an absorbable sutures (Vicryl) group or non-absorbable sutures (Silk) group. RESULTS: SSI was observed in 13.6% (17/125) patients participating in this study, 11.3% in the Vicryl group and 15.8% in the Silk group. Incisional SSI including superficial and deep SSI, was observed in 8% of the Vicryl group and 9.5% of the Silk group. Organ/ space SSI was observed in 3.2% of the Vicryl group and 6.0% of the Silk group. There were no significant differences, but among the patients with SSI, the period for recovery was significantly shorter for the Vicryl group compared to the Silk ***: The incidence of SSI in patients receiving absorbable sutures and silk sutures is not significantly different in this randomized controlled study; however, the period for recovery in patients with SSI was significantly shorter for absorbable sutures.

关键词： Hepatectomy Absorbable suture Surgical site infection

Three-dimensional imaging identified the accessory bile duct in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11451-11455页

作者： Ryoichi Miyamoto Yukio Oshiro Shinji Hashimoto Keisuke Kohno kiyoshi Fukunaga Tatsuya Oda Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Department of Surgery University of Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan

The development of diagnostic imaging technology, such as multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP), has made it possible to obtain detailed images of the bile duct. Recent reports have indicated that a 3-dimensional(3D) reconstructed imaging system would be useful for understanding the liver anatomy before surgery. We have investigated a novel method that fuses MDCT and MRCP images. This novel system easily made it possible to detect the anatomical relationship between the vessels and bile duct in the portal hepatis. In this report, we describe a very rare case of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with an accessory bile duct from the caudate lobe connecting with the intrapancreatic bile duct. We were unable to preoperatively detect this accessory bile duct using MDCT and MRCP. However, prior to the second operation, we were able to clearly visualise the injured accessory bile duct using our novel 3D imaging modality. In thisreport, we suggest that this imaging technique can be considered a novel and useful modality for understanding the anatomy of the portal hepatis, including the hilar bile duct.

关键词： 3-dimensional imaging Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery Accessory bile duct Caudate lobe bile duct Cholangiocarcinoma

Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Diploid, Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheats

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第5期49卷 706-715页

作者： Ming-Li Huang Xi-Ping Deng Yu-Zong Zhao Sheng-Lu Zhou Shinobu Inanaga Satoshi Yamada kiyoshi Tanaka Department of Urban and Resources Sciences of Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry Yangling 712100 China Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences Ohwashi l-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8686 Japan Faculty of Agriculture Tottori University 4-101 Koyama-minami Tottori 680-8553 Japan

Three diploid （Triticum boeoticum, AA; Aegilops speltoides, BB and Ae. tauschii, DD）, two tetraplold （T. dlcoccoides, AABB and T. dicoccon, AABB） and one hexapioid （T. vulgare, AABBDD） varieties of wheat, which are very important In the evolution of wheat were chosen in this study. A pot experiment was carried out on the wheat under different water and nutrient conditions （i） to understand the differences in biomass, yield, water use efficiency （WUE）, and nutrient （N, P and K） use efficiency （uptake and utilization efficiency） among ploidies in the evolution of wheat; （li） to clarify the effect of water and nutrient conditions on water and nutrient use efficiency; and （ill） to assess the relationship of water and nutrient use efficiency in the evolution of wheat. Our results showed that from diploid to tetraplold then to hexaploid during the evolution of wheat, both root biomass and above-ground biomass Increased Initially and then decreased. Water consumption for transpiration decreased remarkably, correlating with the decline of the growth period, while grain yield, harvest index, WUE, N, P and K uptake efficiency, and N, P and K utilization efficiency Increased significantly. Grain yield, harvest index and WUE decreased In the same order： T. vulgare 〉 T. dicoccon 〉 T. dicoccoides 〉 Ae. tauschii 〉 Ae. speltoides 〉 T. boeoticum. Water stress significantly decreased root blomass, above-ground biomass, yield, and water consumption for transpiration by 47-52%, but remarkably Increased WUE. Increasing the nutrient supply increased wheat above-ground biomass, grain yield, harvest Index, water consumption for transpiration and WUE under different water levels, but reduced root blomass under drought conditions. Generally, water stress and low nutrient supply resulted in the lower nutrient uptake efficiency of wheat. However, water and nutrient application had no significant effects on nutrient utilization efficiency, suggesting that wheat nutrient utilization efficiency i

关键词： diploid evolution hexaploid nutrient uptake efficiency nutrient utilization efficiency tetraploid water use efficiency wheat.

Concurrent systemic AA amyloidosis can discriminate primary sclerosing cholangitis from IgG4-associated cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第2期18卷 192-196页

作者： Takehiro Kato Atsumasa Komori Sung-Kwan Bae kiyoshi Migita Masahiro Ito Yasuhide Motoyoshi Seigo Abiru Hiromi Ishibashi Clinical Research Center National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical CenterKubara 2-1001-1OmuraNagasaki 856-8562Japan Department of Hepatology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesKubara 2-1001-1OmuraNagasaki 856-8562Japan

Chronic hepatobiliary inflammatory diseases are not widely acknowledged as underlying disorders of systemic AA amyloidosis,except epidemic *** them,primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) might initiate amyloid A protein deposition in diverse tissues,giving rise to systemic amyloidosis,due to a progressive and unresolved inflammatory process,and its possible association with inflammatory bowel ***,only one such case has been reported in the literature to *** report a 69-year-old Japanese woman with cirrhosis who was diagnosed with PSC complicated with systemic AA amyloidosis,without any evidence of other inflammatory *** a result of cholestasis in conjunction with biliary strictures and increased serum IgG4,the presence of IgG4 + plasma cells was examined systemically,resulting in unexpected documentation of Congo-red-positive amyloid deposits,but not IgG4 + plasma cells,in the liver,stomach and salivary *** serum IgG4 is the hallmark of IgG4-related disease,including IgG4-associated cholangitis,but it has also been demonstrated in certain patients with *** A deposits in multiple organs associated with an indolent clinical course that progresses over many years might have a diagnostic value in discriminating PSC from IgG4-associated cholangitis.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis IgG4-associ-ated cholangitis AA amyloidosis

碳化过程中大水灰比水泥浆体孔结构的变化(英文)

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硅酸盐学报 2010年第9期38卷 1671-1676页

作者： ASAGA kiyoshi ITO Syunsuke SUZUKI Yuji SAGAWA Takahumi Division of Environmental and Eco-Material Engineering Teikyo University of Science and Technology

使用特殊的增黏剂与聚羧酸减水剂,制备了掺加石灰石粉、高炉矿渣、硅灰等混合材的普通波特兰水泥浆体和和低热硅酸盐水泥浆体(水粉比为1.0)。这些水泥浆体在20℃的水中养护4年后基本完全水化。这些硬化水泥浆体在5%(质量分数)CO2、相对... 详细信息

使用特殊的增黏剂与聚羧酸减水剂,制备了掺加石灰石粉、高炉矿渣、硅灰等混合材的普通波特兰水泥浆体和和低热硅酸盐水泥浆体(水粉比为1.0)。这些水泥浆体在20℃的水中养护4年后基本完全水化。这些硬化水泥浆体在5%(质量分数)CO2、相对湿度66%和温度20℃条件下进行碳化,对比研究碳化前后水泥浆体孔结构的变化。结果显示:碳化浆体内孔直径大于10nm的孔体积明显减少;碳化浆体的孔径分布向大孔径范围偏移;掺加混合材的硬化水泥浆体结构明显趋于松散;与不掺加任何混合材的水泥浆体相比,掺加混合材的水泥浆体的孔径更大。

关键词：波特兰水泥水化水灰比火山灰硬化浆体碳化孔结构压汞法

Purcell effect of GaAs quantum dots by photonic crystal microcavities

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第10期7卷 879-881页

作者： Kazuaki Sakoda Takashi Kuroda NaokiI keda Takaaki Mano Yoshimasa Sugimoto Tetsuyuki Ochiai Keiji Kuroda Shunsuke Ohkouchi Nobuyuki Koguchi kiyoshi Asakawa National Institute for Materials Science Japan Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba NEC Corporation

We fabricate photonic crystal slab microcavities embedded with GaAs quantum dots by electron beam lithography and droplet epitaxy. The Purcell effect of exciton emission of the quantum dots is confirmed by the micro photoluminescence measurement. The resonance wavelengths, widths, and polarization are consistent with numerical simulation results.

关键词： GaAs Purcell effect of GaAs quantum dots by photonic crystal microcavities QDs