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Regulation of the growth of sprouting roots of black locust seedlings using root barrier panels

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 655-664页

作者： Satoshi Kitaoka Shiro Matsunami Yannan Wang Saki Fujita kobayashi Makoto Toshiyuki Hirata Takayoshi Koike Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan The Robust Greenhouse Project of Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8589Japan Present Address:Oyo Cooperation Ltd Sumitomo BuildingTokyo 101-8486Japan Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Nanchang 330029People’s Republic of China Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba 305-8687Japan Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0809Japan Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan

How can we regulate an invasive alien species of high commercial value?Black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)has a unique capacity for seed dispersal and high *** surveys indicate that black locust increases its growing area with sprouting roots and the elongation of horizontal roots at a soil depth of 10 ***,a method to regulate the development of horizontal roots could be eff ective in slowing the invasiveness of black *** this study,root barrier panels were tested to inhibit the growth of horizontal *** it is labor intensive to observe the growth of roots in the fi eld,it was investigated in a nursery *** decrease in secondary fl ush,an increase in yellowed leafl ets,and the height in the seedlings were *** root barrier panels to a depth of 30 cm eff ectively inhibit the growth of horizontal roots of young black locust.

关键词： Black locust Horizontal roots Nutrients Root barrier panel Sprouting roots

Transcriptomic analysis of epigenetic modification genes in the termite Reticulitermes speratus

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 202-211页

作者： Yuki Mitaka Eisuke Tasaki Tomonari Nozaki Taro Fuchikawa Kazuya kobayashi Kenji Matsuura Laboratory of Insect Ecology Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversitySakyo-kuKyotoJapan Applied Entomology Laboratory Center for Bioresource Field ScienceKyoto Institute of TechnologyUkyo-kuKyotoJapan Laboratory of Animal Physiology Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City UniversitySumiyoshi-kuOsakaJapan Hokkaido Forest Research Station Field Science Education and Research CenterKyoto UniversityKawakami-gunHokkaidoJapan

Eusocial insects display a caste system in which different castes are morpho-logically and physiologically specialized for different *** studies have revealed that epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation and histone modification,me-diate caste determination and differentiation,longevity,and polyethism in eusocial *** there has been a growing interest in the relationship between epigenetic mech-anisms and phenotypic plasticity in termites,there is ltte information about differential expression levels among castes and expression sites for these genes in *** we show royaltissuc-specific expression of epigenetic modification genes in the termite Reticulitermes *** RNA-seq,we identified 74 genes,including three DNA methyltransferases,seven sirtuins,48 Trithorax group proteins,and 16 Polycomb group *** these genes,15 showed king-specific expression,and 52 showed age-dependent differential expression in kings and *** real-time PCR revealed that DNA methyltransferase 3 is expressed specifically in the king's testis and fat body,whereas some histone modification genes are remarkably expressed in the king's testis and queen's *** findings imply that epigenetic modification plays important roles in the gamete production process in termite kings and queens.

关键词： aging division of labor fat body king ovary testis

Surgical treatment for a combined anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第12期10卷 3879-3885页

作者： Katsuhiro Yoshida Michiyuki Hakozaki Hideo kobayashi Masashi Kimura Shinichi Konno Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima 960-1295Japan Higashi-Shirakawa Orthopaedic Academy Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima 960-1295Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sukagawa HospitalFukushima 962-0022Japan Gunma Sports Medicine Research Center Zenshukai HospitalGunma 379-2115Japan

BACKGROUND Independent avulsion fractures with anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)or posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)attachment are relatively common among tibial intercondylar eminence fractures,and their postoperative outcomes are generally ***,huge avulsion fractures of the intercondylar eminence containing the attachment site of both the ACL and the PCL are extremely rare,and the reported clinical outcomes are *** SUMMARY We describe a 30-year-old Japanese male's huge avulsion fracture of the intercondylar eminence of a tibia containing the attachment site of both the ACL and PCL,together with a complete tear of the medial collateral ligament and a partial tear of both the medial and lateral menisci caused by a fall from a high *** of these injuries were treated surgically,with anatomical reduction and stable *** limb function at 1 year post-surgery was excellent(Lysholm score:100 points).CONCLUSION Although this patient's complete surgical repair was complex,it should be performed in similar cases for an excellent final clinical outcome.

关键词： Avulsion fracture Intercondylar eminence Tibia Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Meniscal tear

Optical Packet Routing Performance of an Optical Packet Switch With an Optical Digital/Analog-Conversion-Type Header Processor (Wavelength Label Switch)

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 701-702页

作者： Hiroyuki Uenohara Takeshi Seki Kohroh kobayashi Microsystem Research Center P&I Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku Yokohama -shi Kanagawa 226-8503 JapanMicrosystem Research Center P&I Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku Yokohama -shi Kanagawa 226-8503 JapanMicrosystem Research Center P&I Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku Yokohama -shi Kanagawa 226-8503 Japan

We demonstrate the routing operation of optical packets by an optical packet switch consisting of an optical digital-to-analog conversion-type header processor, a wavelength converter using an electrically-tunable laser, and an arrayed-waveguide grating router. A packet transfer by two-bit optical header was achieved for the first time.

关键词： SSG for SOA as DBR AWG Wavelength Label Switch Optical Packet Routing Performance of an Optical Packet Switch With an Optical Digital/Analog-Conversion-Type Header Processor of

HF SAR image cross-correlation technique for high accuracy orbit positioning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第5期54卷 978-985页

作者： kobayashi Takao LEE SeungRyeol KIM JungHo ONO Takayuki Planetary Science Group Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Daejeon 305-350 Korea Shanghai Astronomical Observatory

A novel technique to determine the position of spacecraft orbits is proposed. The technique is based on the cross-correlation function of HF SAR images and is able to determine the relative position of orbits with an accuracy of - λ/4 or better, where 2 is the wavelength of the HF radar pulse at its center frequency. The performance of the proposed technique was confirmed by simulation which was carried out under the condition of design facts of the SELENE LRS mission. The highly accurate orbit positioning enables precise superposition of HF SAR images so that the inherent mirror image ambiguity problem of HF SAR imaging is resolved to obtain a quality SAR image of the HF band. In addition ambitious 2D-SAR processing would be possible when the above accuracy is available.

关键词： high accuracy orbit determination SAR LRS SELENE

Kiwifruit recognition at nighttime using artificial lighting based on machine vision

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第4期8卷 52-59页

作者： Fu Longsheng Wang Bin Cui Yongjie Su Shuai Yoshinori Gejima Taiichi kobayashi College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture Beijing 100089China Faculty of Agriculture University of MiyazakiMiyazaki 889-2192Japan

Most researches involved so far in kiwifruit harvesting robot suggest the scenario of harvesting in daytime for taking advantage of sunlight.A robot operating at nighttime can overcome the problem of low work efficiency and would help to minimize fruit *** addition,artificial lights can be used to ensure constant illumination instead of the variable natural sunlight for image *** paper aims to study the kiwifruit recognition at nighttime using artificial lighting based on machine ***,an RGB camera was placed underneath the canopy so that clusters of kiwifruits could be included in the ***,the images were segmented using an R-G color ***,a group of image processing conventional methods,such as Canny operator were applied to detect the *** image processing results showed that this capturing method could reduce the background noise and overcome any target *** experimental results showed that the optimal artificial lighting ranged approximately between 30-50 *** developed algorithm detected 88.3%of the fruits successfully.

关键词： Elliptic Hough transform image capturing method Kiwifruit minimal bounding rectangle optimal illumination intensity

Multi-modal Gesture Recognition using Integrated Model of Motion, Audio and Video

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第4期28卷 657-665页

作者： GOUTSU Yusuke kobayashi Takaki OBARA Junya KUSAJIMA Ikuo TAKEICHI Kazunari TAKANO Wataru NAKAMURA Yoshihiko Department of Mechano-Informatics School of Information Science and TechnologyUniversity of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan

Gesture recognition is used in many practical applications such as human-robot interaction, medical rehabilitation and sign language. With increasing motion sensor development, multiple data sources have become available, which leads to the rise of multi-modal gesture recognition. Since our previous approach to gesture recognition depends on a unimodal system, it is difficult to classify similar motion patterns. In order to solve this problem, a novel approach which integrates motion, audio and video models is proposed by using dataset captured by Kinect. The proposed system can recognize observed gestures by using three models. Recognition results of three models are integrated by using the proposed framework and the output becomes the final result. The motion and audio models are learned by using Hidden Markov Model. Random Forest which is the video classifier is used to learn the video model. In the experiments to test the performances of the proposed system, the motion and audio models most suitable for gesture recognition are chosen by varying feature vectors and learning methods. Additionally, the unimodal and multi-modal models are compared with respect to recognition accuracy. All the experiments are conducted on dataset provided by the competition organizer of MMGRC, which is a workshop for Multi-Modal Gesture Recognition Challenge. The comparison results show that the multi-modal model composed of three models scores the highest recognition rate. This improvement of recognition accuracy means that the complementary relationship among three models improves the accuracy of gesture recognition. The proposed system provides the application technology to understand human actions of daily life more precisely.

关键词： gesture recognition multi-modal integration hidden Markov model random forests

A New Spirostanol Saponin from Dioscorea futshauensis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第7期12卷 613-616页

作者： Hong Wei LIU Hisayoshi kobayashi Ge Xia QU Xin Sheng YAO Department of Natural Products Chemistry Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110015 Institute of Molecular&Cellular Biosciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan 113

A new spirostanol saponin presenting strong activity of inducing morphological deformation of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia was isolated from Dioscorea futshauensis R. Kunth by bioactivity-guided fractionation. The structure was established as (25S)-spirost-5-en-3 beta, 27-diol-3-O- [alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 -->2)-beta -D glucopyranosyl (1 -->3)]-beta -D-glucopyranoside on the basis of chemical evidences and spectral analysis, especially by 2D-NMR techniques.

关键词： New spirostanol glycoside Dioscorea futshauensis Pyricularia oryzae

Interplay between epidermal stem cell dynamics and dermal deformation

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 280-288页

作者： Yasuaki kobayashi Yusuke Yasugahira Hiroyuki Kitahata Mika Watanabe Ken Natsuga Masaharu Nagayama Center for Simulation Sciences Ochanomizu UniversityTokyo 112-8620Japan Graduate School of Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0810Japan Department of Physics Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8502Japan Department of Dermatology Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8638Japan Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0812Japan

Tissue growth is a driving force of morphological changes in living *** the buckling instability is known to play a crutial role for initiating spatial pattern formations in such growing systems,little is known about the rationale for succeeding morphological changes beyond this *** mammalian skin,the dermis has many protrusions toward the epidermis,and the epidermal stem cells are typically found on the tips of these *** the initial instability may well be explained by the buckling involving the dermis and the basal layer,which contains proliferative cells,it does not dictate the direction of these protrusions,nor the spatial patterning of epidermal stem *** we introduce a particle-based model of self-replicating cells on a deformable substrate composed of the dermis and the basement membrane,and investigate the relationship between dermal deformation and epidermal stem cell pattering on *** show that our model reproduces the formation of dermal protrusions directing from the dermis to the epidermis,and preferential epidermal stem cell distributions on the tips of the dermal protrusions,which the basic buckling mechanism fails to *** argue that cell-type-dependent adhesion strengths of the cells to the basement membrane are crucial factors influencing these patterns.

关键词： buckling rational initiating