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A preliminary study on rectal dose reduction associated with hyaluronic acid implantation in brachytherapy for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 286-293页

作者： Tairo Kashihara Yuka Urago Hiroyuki Okamoto Mihiro Takemori Hiroki Nakayama Shohei Mikasa Tetsu Nakaichi Kotaro Iijima Takahito Chiba Junichi Kuwahara Satoshi nakamura Weishan Chang Yoshiyuki Matsui Hiroshi Igaki Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan Radiation Safety and Quality Assurance Division National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Radiological Sciences Graduate School of Human Health SciencesTokyo Metropolitan University7-2-10 Higashi-OguArakawa-kuTokyoJapan Department of Radiological Technology National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Urological Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyoJapan

Objectives: Hydrogel spacer (HS) was developed to reduce rectal toxicities caused by radiotherapy, but has been reported to cause major adverse events. Our institute has attempted to introduce a hyaluronic acid (HA) as an alternative spacer. This study aimed to compare rectal doses and geometric distributions between the HS and HA implantation in prostate cancer.Methods: HS and HA were inserted in 20 and 18 patients undergoing high-dose brachytherapy, respectively. The rectum spacer volumes injected were 10 mL and 22 mL, respectively. In the treatment planning system, 13.5 Gy was administered with common catheter positions. The rectal dose indices were assessed between the spacer groups for dosimetry evaluation. Distances between the prostate and rectum and configurations of the spacers were compared.Results: The mean doses irradiated to 0.1 and 2 mL of the rectum were 10.45 Gy and 6.71 Gy for HS, and 6.73 Gy and 4.90 Gy for HA (p<0.001). The mean minimum distances between the prostate and rectum were 1.23 cm and 1.79 cm for HS and HA, respectively (p<0.05). Geometrical configuration comparisons revealed that HA has a higher ability to expand the space than HS.Conclusion: The rectal dose reduction ability of HA is significantly greater than that of HS, suggesting its potential as a new spacer.

关键词： Brachytherapy Hyaluronicacid Hydrogel Prostaticneoplasm Radiotherapy

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Analysis of the Relationship between Eating and Swallowing Function and Lifestyle of the Elderly Living in the Community-A Secondary Publication

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第2期8卷 56-69页

作者： Naito Tomoyoshi Yamada Masami nakamura Mi Eiko Ojima Toshiyuki Hamamatsu Medical University Shizuoka 431-3125HamamatsuJapan Department of Nursing Faculty of Medical SciencesTeikyo University of Science and TechnologyTokyo 120-0045Japan Hamamatsu Medical University Department of Health and Social MedicineShizuoka 431-3125HamamatsuJapan

Objectives:The relationship between eating and swallowing function,and lifestyle among community-dwelling elderly people has not been extensively studied.This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of eating and swallowing function and their association with the lifestyle among the elderly.Methods:A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 419 elderly people who participated in the oral function improvement project operated by the Community Comprehensive Support Center.A total of 288 valid responses(58 males,230 females,average age 73.6 years)were analyzed.The survey items included basic demographics,health status,lifestyle,and eating and swallowing functions.The chi-square(χ2)test was used to compare for a difference in the risk of dysphagia.Results:72 patients(25.0%)were judged to be at risk for dysphagia,and 216(75.0%)were judged to be not at risk for dysphagia using the revised dysphagia risk assessment scale.The mean score for oral preparatory dysphagia was the highest,while the mean score for pharyngeal dysphagia was the lowest.The group at risk of dysphagia had significant difficulty in chewing and had bad sleep quality as compared to the group that was not at risk.Conclusion:Concerning the risk of dysphagia,there is a need to maintain and improve masticatory function.In addition,improving the swallowing function of the elderly may prevent insomnia and improve sleep quality.

关键词： Elderly living in the community Eating and swallowing function Lifestyle

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Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian M.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi nakamura Michael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind conditions.To suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray images.In this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is maximized.Two assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause curvature.We create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson noise.We then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea ks.From the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground truth.Our method estimates RS with an accuracy of10 cm-3.The accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic fields.The method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field turnings.Consequently,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the dayside reconnection modes for dynamic solar wind con

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI SMILE

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Reading impairment after neonatal hypoglycemia with parietotemporo-occipital injury without cortical blindness:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3899-3906页

作者： Naoko Kurahashi Shunsuke Ogaya Yuki Maki Norie Nonobe Sumire Kumai Yosuke Hosokawa Chikako Ogawa Keitaro Yamada Koichi Maruyama kiyokuni Miura Miho nakamura Department of Pediatric Neurology Central HospitalAichi Developmental Disability CenterKasugai 480-0392AichiJapan Department of Pediatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8560AichiJapan Division of Neonatology Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 466-8560AichiJapan Department of Pediatrics Tokyo Metropolitan Fuchu Medical Center for the DisabledFuchu 183-0042TokyoJapan Department of Functioning and Disability Institute for Developmental ResearchAichi Developmental Disability CenterKasugai 480-0392AichiJapan Okazaki Medical Center for Child Development Okazaki 444-0011AichiJapan

BACKGROUND Perinatal brain injury may lead to later neurodevelopmental disorders,whose outcomes may vary due to neuroplasticity in young children.Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that the left parietotemporal area(which includes the left inferior parietal lobe)is associated with phonological awareness and decoding skills,which are essential skills for reading acquisition in children.However,the literature on the effect of perinatal cerebral injury on the development of phonological awareness or decoding ability in childhood is limited.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of an 8-year-old boy who presented with reading difficulty following a perinatal injury in the parieto-temporal-occipital lobes.The patient was born at term and was treated for hypoglycemia and seizures during the neonatal period.Diffusion-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging on postnatal day 4 revealed cortical and subcortical hyperintensities in the parieto-temporo-occipital lobe.At the age of 8 years,physical examination was unremarkable,aside from mild clumsiness.Despite occipital lobe injury,the patient had adequate visual acuity,normal eye movement,and no visual field defects.Full-scale intelligence quotient and verbal comprehension index on Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition were 75 and 90,respectively.Further assessment revealed adequate recognition of Japanese Hiragana letters.However,he had significantly slower reading speed in the Hiragana reading test than control children.The phonological awareness test revealed significant errors(standard deviation+2.7)in the mora reversal task.CONCLUSION Patients with perinatal brain injuries in the parietotemporal area require attention and may benefit from additional reading instructions.

关键词： Brain diseases Hypoglycemia Dyslexia Long-term care Education Case report

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Mitigating Iron Toxicity by Using Rock Phosphate to Improve Rice Productivity

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 423-438页

作者： Adama Bagayogo Honoré Kam Jacques Sawadogo Moumouni Konate Moussa Sie Satoshi nakamura Fujio Nagumo Mahamadou Sawadogo Ouaga I Uviversity Jospeph Ki-Zerbo Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SVT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research National Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences Ibaraki Japan

Iron toxicity is a major constraint to rice production, particularly in highly weathered soils of inland valleys in Sub-Saharan Africa where the rice growing area is rapidly expanding. This study aimed to improve the productiveness of iron toxicity sensitive’s rice fields as well as in the unsensitive fields by using local phosphate fertilizers. Eighteen (18) rice genotypes were been assessed in a split plot design in two areas: without iron toxicity and with iron toxicity. NPK, NK, Rock Phosphate, Triple super phosphate, Calcined phosphate and Acidulated phosphate were used as fertilizers. Data collection was focused on agronomic traits and yield (g/m2). The best fertilizers in the area without iron toxicity were NPK (820.2 g/m2) and triple super phosphate (751.7 g/m2). In the iron toxicity area, the best yields were performed by NPK (785.5 g/m2) and raw calcined phosphate (698.3 g/m2). Yet, the Accessions 15, Accessions 225, Accessions 226 and Accessions 270 were rainfed rice genotypes while CC109 A, HB 46 and HB 62 were low-land/irrigated rice genotypes. NPK, NK and acidulated phosphate fertilizers alleviate the best, iron toxicity in both sensitive and unsensitive rice fields.

关键词： Oryza NPK NK Rock Phosphate Rice

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Genomic medicine in clinical practice:national genomic medicine program in Japan

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 4-9页

作者： Teruhiko Yoshida Yasushi Yatabe Ken Kato Genichiro Ishii Akinobu Hamada Hiroyuki Mano Kuniko Sunami Noboru Yamamoto Takashi Kohno Department of Genetic Medicine and Services National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical Research Support Offce Clinical Research Coordinating SectionBiobank Translational Research Support SectionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories National Cancer Center Hospital EastChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Molecular Pharmacology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Division of Genome Biology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

Cancer statistics in Japan Cancer is the most common cause of death in Japan based on Statistics 2021~1.Since statistics were first gathered,infectious diseases,such as tuberculosis,and cerebrovascular disease have been the main causes of death in Japan.Cancer surpassed cerebrovascular disease as the main cause of death in 1981,and the number of cancer deaths has increased.Approximately 38,000 people died of cancer in 2021.The National Cancer Center(NCC)reported that the 5-year survival rate for patients with cancer was improving(62%for males and 66.9%for females)in a population-based cancer registry.

关键词： Cancer cancer death

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Symptomatic COVID-19 in University Students: A School-Wide Web-Based Questionnaire Survey during the Omicron Variant Outbreak

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 133-146页

作者： Mai Kitahara Hisami Sameshima Rie Tanuma Kumi Setoyama Yuka Yamaguchi Akiyo Kamachi Satoko nakamura Mayuko Sakuma Yoichi Kawaike Tamotsu Furuya Shinji Ijichi Health Service Center Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan Center for Management of Information Technologies Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan

Aim: To detect risk and preventive factors associated with the Omicron variant infection in university students, a combination of a web-based survey and multivariate logistic regression analysis was introduced as the front-line initiatives by the school health practitioners. Design: Questionnaire survey. Methods: The school-wide web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among our university students as a part of the annual health check-up in April, 2023. The positive outcome was confined to the first symptomatic COVID-19 onset during the Omicron variant outbreak. Results: In this self-administered survey, risk or protective associations were merely estimated statistically in university students (n = 5406). In measured factors, karaoke and club/group activities could maintain the statistical significance in adjusted odds ratios (ORs) as relative risk factors, and science course, measles/ rubella (MR) vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccination remained as relative protective factors in adjusted OR analyses. Club/group activities with member gathering and karaoke sing-along sessions in university students may frequently have WHO’s three Cs. These risk factors are still important topics for the infection control of COVID-19 in university students. Together with some recent reports from other researchers, the significant protective role of MR vaccine in our survey warrants further clinical investigation. If the breakthrough infection continuously constitutes the majority of infection, real data in test-negative case-control or web-based questionnaire design continue to be important for statistical analysis to determine the minimal requirement of our strategies which may be equivalent to or replace COVID-19 vaccines.

关键词： Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Omicron Variant Risk Behaviors Protective Factors

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Practical applications and limitations of basalt discrimination diagrams

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Big Earth Data 2023年第4期7卷 1081-1093页

作者： Kentaro nakamura Frontier Research Center for Energy and Resources(FRCER) School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Determining the tectonic setting of unknown volcanic rocks continues to be one of the key challenges in geoscience.While discrimination diagrams have been successfully employed due to their ease of use,recently,validation with big data has raised questions about their performance.In this study,the discrimination boundaries of Th/Yb versus(vs.)Nb/Yb and TiO2/Yb vs.Nb/Yb diagrams,which are the most used types of discrimination diagrams,were redefined based on a large amount of compiled data and support vector machine,a machine learning method.The effectiveness of discrimination diagrams was verified,and the limitations and conditions when using them were clarified.The results show that when using the Th/Yb vs.Nb/Yb diagram,only basalts with Th/Yb ratios higher than the discrimination boundary can be identified as volcanic arcs in origin.In contrast,a significant overlap occurs across boundaries in other cases when using these diagrams,particularly for enriched samples with Nb/Yb ratios higher than five.Therefore,when using these diagrams to determine the tectonic setting of unknown samples,their limitations must be considered when interpreting their results.

关键词： Discrimination diagram tectonic setting support vector machine big data large petrological databases

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Heterogeneous tunable Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-silicon-nitride mode-locked laser emitting wide optical spectra

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0021-I0027页

作者： MAXIMILIEN BILLET STIJN CUYVERS STIJN POELMAN ARTUR HERMANS SANDEEP SEEMA SASEENDRA TASUKU nakamura SHINYA OKAMOTO YASUHISA INADA KAZUYA HISADA TAKU HIRASAWA JOAN RAMIREZ DELPHINE NÉEL NICOLAS VAISSIÈRE JEAN DECOBERT PHILIPPE SOUSSAN XAVIER ROTTENBERG GUNTHER ROELKENS JONØ.KJELLMAN BART KUYKEN Photonics Research Group Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-imec9052 GhentBelgium imec 3001 LeuvenBelgium Technology Division Panasonic Holdings CorporationMoriguchi-CityOsakaJapan Ⅲ-Ⅴ Lab F91767 PalaiseauFrance

We demonstrate a Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-silicon-nitride mode-locked laser through the heterogeneous integration of a semiconductor optical amplifier on a passive silicon-nitride cavity using the technique of micro-transfer printing. In the initial phase of our study, we focus on optimizing the lasing wavelength to be centered at 1550 nm. This optimization is achieved by conducting experiments with 27 mode-locked lasers, each incorporating optical amplifiers featuring distinct multiple-quantum-well photoluminescence values. Subsequently we present a comprehensive study investigating the behavior of the mode-locking regime when the electrical driving parameters are varied. Specifically, we explore the impact of the gain voltage and saturable absorber current on the locking stability of a tunable mode-locked laser. By manipulating these parameters, we demonstrate the precise control of the optical spectrum across a wide range of wavelengths spanning from 1530 to 1580 nm. Furthermore, we implement an optimization approach based on a Monte Carlo analysis aimed at enhancing the mode overlap within the gain region. This adjustment enables the achievement of a laser emitting a 23-nm-wide spectrum while maintaining a defined 10 dB bandwidth for a pulse repetition rate of 3 GHz.

关键词： tunable amplifier mode

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TC10 as an essential molecule in axon regeneration through membrane supply and microtubule stabilization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 87-88页

作者： Takeshi nakamura Shingo Koinuma Division of Cell Signaling Research Institute for Biomedical SciencesTokyo University of ScienceNodaJapan

Mammalian central nervous system(CNS)neurons lose axon regenerative ability as they mature.This failure to regenerate shows a clear contrast to a remarkable potential of axon growth during embryonic development and after an injury in the peripheral nervous system(PNS)(Hilton and Bradke,2017).The absence of regeneration in the mature CNS neurons is caused by an inhibitory influence of the environment of the injured axons and the deficit of intrinsic factors that enable regeneration in the PNS(He and Jin,2016).

关键词： stabilization enable axon

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