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Body Composition, Dietary Intake and Physical Activity Level of Sedentary Adult Indian Women

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第11期3卷 1577-1585页

作者： Gurpreet Kaur kiran bains Harpreet Kaur Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana Punjab India.

Age related changes in body composition are associated with long term dietary intake profiles. Age related increase in body fat is primarily attributed to decline in physical activity and basal metabolic rate as well as dietary intake. The study was designed to assess the body composition, dietary intake and physical activity level of sedentary adult women of different age groups. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 152 sedentary adult women comprised of students and faculty from Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The relationship of body composition with dietary factors and physical activity level of women in four age groups i.e. 21 - 30, 31 - 40, 41 - 50 and 51 - 60 years was determined. A gradual increase (p ≤ 0.05) in anthropometric and body composition parameters such as weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index, fat mass and visceral fat rating was observed with the advancement of age. The lean body mass was decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) as the age progressed, the values for four age groups being 74.9, 68.9, 62.8 and 60.9%, respectively. Contrary to this fat mass increased with age, the corresponding values for four age groups being 15.7, 21.4, 26.6 and 29.2 kg, respectively. The percent adequacy of protein by four age groups was 69.6, 78.2, 80.0 and 66.3, respectively when compared to RDA while fat intake was much higher i.e. 245.5, 271.8, 288.4 and 250.8%, respectively. The energy intake was inadequate among all age groups, however, a significant (p ≤ 0.05) differ- ence was observed in daily energy consumption between the age groups. The mean physical activity level (PAL) of the subjects ranged between 1.49 - 1.60. The physical activity level values showed that majority of the subjects (87% - 94%) were having sedentary life style. Age is a crucial factor associated with body composition. A high fat mass and low lean body mass of the subjects was observed. Their diets were low in protein but high in fat. Majority of the

关键词： Lean Body Mass Fat Mass Dietary Factors Physical Activity Level

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Investigating causal links between gastroesophageal reflux disease and essential hypertension

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2304-2307页

作者： Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar Yatinder bains Salim Surani Department of Medicine Saint Francis Health Science CenterNewarkNJ 07107United States Department of Gastroenterology Saint Michaels Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States Department of Medicine and Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is a prevalent global health concern with a rising *** risk factors,including obesity,hiatal hernia,and smo-king,contribute to its *** research suggests associations bet-ween GERD and metabolic syndrome,cardiac diseases,and hypertension(HTN).Mechanisms linking GERD to HTN involve autonomic dysfunction,inflammatory states,and endothelial ***,GERD medications such as pro-ton-pump inhibitors may impact blood pressure ***,antihy-pertensive medications like beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers can exacerbate GERD *** bidirectional causality exists between GERD and HTN,longitudinal studies are warranted to elucidate the precise *** of GERD,including anti-reflux surgery,may positively influence HTN ***,the interplay of lifestyle factors,comorbidities,and medications necessitates further investigation to comprehensively understand this *** this editorial,we comment on the article published by Wei et al in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical *** evaluate their claims on the causal association between GERD and HTN.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Hypertension Metabolic syndrome Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Hiatal hernia

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Removal of intrahepatic bile duct stone could reduce the risk of cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1881-1884页

作者： Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar Yatinder bains Salim Surani Department of Medicine Saint Francis Health Science CenterNewarkNJ 07107United States Department of Gastroenteroly Saint Michaels Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States Department of Medicine and Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

Hepatolithiasis(HL)poses a significant risk for cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)development,with reported incidences ranging from 5%-13%.Risk factors include older age,smoking,hepatitis B infection,and prolonged HL *** inflammation and mechanical stress on the biliary epithelium contribute to CCA *** reduces CCA risk by removing stones and atrophic liver ***,residual stones and incomplete removal increase CCA *** et al identified carbohydrate antigen 19-9,carcinoembryonic antigen,and stone laterality as CCA risk factors,reaffirming the importance of complete stone ***,challenges remain in preventing CCA recurrence ***-term studies are needed to elucidate CCA risk factors further.

关键词： Hepatolithiasis Cholangiocarcinoma Biliary stone Common bile duct stone Cholangitis

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Role of second look endoscopy in endoscopic submucosal dissection and peptic ulcer bleeding:Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 214-226页

作者： Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar Jose Andres Perez Akshat Banga Rakhtan K Qasba Ruman K Qasba Harsha Pattnaik Muhammad Hussain Yatinder bains Salim Surani Department of Medicine Saint Francis Health Science CenterNewarkNJ 07107United States Department of Medicine Saint Francis Health SystemsTulsaOK 74133United States Department of Internal Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical CollegeJaipur 302004India Department of Medicine Green Life Medical College and HospitalDhaka 1205Bangladesh Department of Medicine Sher-i-kashmir Institute of Medical ScienceJammuSrinagar 190011India Department of Medicine Lady Hardinge Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110001India Department of Gastroenterology Saint Michaels Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States Department of Medicine and Pharmacology Texas AM UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

BACKGROUND Second-look endoscopy(SLE)to prevent recurrent bleeding in patients with peptic ulcer disease(PUD)and those undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)is routinely being *** evidence exists regarding efficacy,risk,benefit,and *** To identify the role and effectiveness of SLE in ESD and PUD,associated rebleeding and PUD-related outcomes like mortality,hospital length of stay,need for endoscopic or surgical intervention and blood *** A systematic review of literature databases PubMed,Cochrane,and Embase was conducted from inception to January 5,*** controlled trials that compared patients with SLE to those who did not have SLE or evaluated the role of prophylactic hemostasis during SLE compared to other conservative interventions were *** study was conducted per PRISMA guidelines,and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO(ID CRD42023427555:).RevMan was used to perform meta-analysis,and Mantel-Haenszel Odds ratio(OR)were generated using random effect *** A total of twelve studies with 2687 patients were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis,of which 1074 patients underwent SLE after ESD and 1613 patients underwent SLE after PUD-related *** ESD,the rates of rebleeding were 7%in the SLE group compared to 4.4%in the non-SLE group with OR 1.65,95%confidence intervals(CI)of 0.96 to 2.85;P=0.07,whereas it was 11%in the SLE group compared to 13%in the non-SLE group with OR 0.895%CI:0.50 to 1.29;P=*** mean difference in the blood transfusion rates in the SLE and no SLE group in PUD was OR 0.01,95%CI:-0.22 to 0.25;P=*** SLE vs non-SLE groups with PUD,the OR for Endoscopic intervention was 0.29,95%CI:0.08 to 1.00;P=0.05 while it was OR 2.03,95%CI:0.95 to 4.33;P=0.07,for surgical *** mean difference in the hospital length of stay was-3.57 d between the SLE and no SLE groups in PUD with 95%CI:-7.84 to 0.69;P=0.10,denoting an average of

关键词： Endoscopy Endoscopic submucosal dissection Peptic ulcer Gastrointestinal bleeding

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Temporal Dynamics of Antioxidant Defence System in Relation to Polyamine Catabolism in Rice under Direct-Seeded and Transplanted Conditions

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Rice science 2014年第6期21卷 343-353页

作者： Manisha KUMARI Bavita ASTHIR Navtej Singh bains Department of Biochemistry College of Basic Sciences and Humanities Punjab Agricultural University Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Punjab Agricultural University

Six rice cultivars viz. PR120, PR116, Feng Ai Zan, PR115, PAU201 and Punjab Mehak 1 under the direct-seeded and transplanted conditions were used to investigate the involvement of antioxidative defence system in relation to polyamine catabolism in temporal regulation of developing grains. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase （APx）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPx）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, polyamine oxidases （PAO） and contents of ascorbate, a-tocopherol, proline and polyamines increased gradually until mid-milky stage and then declined towards maturity stage under both planting conditions. The transplanted condition led to higher activities of antioxidative enzymes （APx, GPx and CAT） and contents of ascorbate, a-tocopherol and proline whereas the direct-seeded condition had elevated levels of PAO and SOD activities and contents of polyamines, lipid peroxide and hydrogen peroxide. Cultivars Feng Ai Zan and PR120 exhibited superior tolerance over other cultivars by accumulating higher contents of ascorbate, a-tocopherol and proline with increasing level of PAO and SOD activities under the direct-seeded condition. However, under the transplanted condition PR116 and PAU201 showed higher activities of antioxidative enzymes with decreasing content of lipid peroxide. Therefore, we concluded that under the direct-seeded condition, enhancements of polyamines content and PAO activity enabled rice cultivars more tolerant to oxidative stress, while under the transplanted condition, antioxidative defence with decreasing of lipid peroxide content was closely associated with the protection of grains by maintaining membrane integrity during rice grain filling. The results indicated that temporal dynamics of H2O2 metabolic machinery was strongly up-regulated especially at the mid-milky stage.

关键词： antioxidant defence system direct-seeded membrane stability polyamines rice transplanted condition

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Reconstructive surgical management of cryptomenorrhoea because of complete vaginal agenesis

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第4期1卷 243-245页

作者： Krishna Dahiya Ranjita bains 不详

Background: The Vagina is a composite structure formed partly from the mullerian duct and partly from urogential sinus. Most of the patients with mullerian agenesis have small rudimentary uterus without any endometrial cavity, 7% - 8% may have functioning uterus. Case: A 15 years old girl admitted with primary amenorrhea, cyclical abdominal pain, hematometra and complete vaginal agenesis. Surgical correction is the mainstay of treatment in patients with functioning uterus and absent vagina. Vaginoplasty was done to reconstruct a neovagina using amnion graft and establish uterovaginal continuity. In this case we have used only perineal approach to dissect the neovagina and identify the cervix with formation of a patent drainage tract and adequate vaginal length of 9 cm. Conclusion: In rare cases of obstructed functioning uterus by complete vaginal agenesis, vaginoplasty effectively restores anatomy and function by an overall minimal operative morbidity. Human amnion provides excellent results in neovaginal reconstruction.

关键词： Vaginal Agenesis Hematometra

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Sustained heat treatment for delayed-onset muscle soreness

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中华物理医学与康复杂志 2017年第2期39卷 113-113页

作者： Petrofsky J Berk L bains G

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Muscle soreness after exercise is common, and can reduce the ability to perform in the days following. While cold is the most commonly recommended modality after exercise, both heat and cold have been prescribed. This study assessed the effect of sustained heat treatment on both objective and subjective measures of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS).METHODS The 20 subjects were randomized to one of three groups, including heat wraps applied immediately after exercise (group 1), heat wraps applied 24 hours after exercise (group 2) or a control. To provoke DOMS, subjects were engaged in squatting exercises for 15 minutes. Patients were assessed for muscleRESULTS soreness with a visual analogue (VAS) scale, for strength and range of motion, and for changes in plasma biomarker measurements at baseline and 48 hours after exercise. Heat therapy was applied by placing a ThermaCare heat wrap on each leg over the quadriceps for eight *** This study found that, after intense exercise, immediate, low level heat wraps applied for eight hours can reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness and post-exercise strength reductions.

关键词：肌肉酸痛延迟性热处理运动能力高温处理

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Evaluation of Outcome of Ureteroscopic Pneumatic Lithotripsy in Single Lower Ureteric Calculus and Its Association with CT Parameters

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Open Journal of Urology 2019年第10期9卷 153-161页

作者： Rahul Bhatia Tariq Hameed Pawan Lal Lovenish bains Gaurish Sawant Haraesh Maranna Department of Surgery Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi India

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in single lower ureteric calculus and correlate its success with different CT parameters like HU, size of calculus and hydrnephrosis, if present. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted from October 2017 to March 2019 in Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi. 30 patients (out of which 6 were excluded due to spontaneous passage of calculus), with single lower ureteric calculus were chosen and the outcome of URSL was compared with respect to CT parameters of Size, HU and Hydronephrosis and intra-operative clearance of calculus. Results: Success rate of URSL in single lower ureteric calculus was found to be 75%. Lower HU (774.12 ± 212.85) was associated with higher success rate. Similarly smaller size of calculus (9 ± 2.1) mm was associated with success group. Patients with gross hydronephrosis had a poor outcome of URSL. Lower urinary tract infection (8.33%) was the most common complication. Conclusion: Patients with small size calculus, low HU and absence of hydronephrosis have a better outcome of URSL.

关键词： Computed Tomography (CT) Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy (URSL) Hounsfield Unit (HU) Hydronephrosis (HDN)

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Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver and metabolic-associated fatty liver with COVID-19 outcomes:A systematic review and metaanalysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3362-3378页

作者： Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar Rakhtan K Qasba Harsha Pattnaik Kaanthi Rama Akshat Banga Shiva Teja Reddy Anna Carolina Flumignan Bucharles Rahul Kashyap Praveen Reddy Elmati Vikas Bansal Yatinder bains Theodore DaCosta Salim Surani Department of Medicine Saint Michaels Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States Department of Medicine Green Life Medical College and HospitalDhaka 1205Bangladesh Department of Medicine Lady Hardinge Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110001India Department of Medicine Gandhi Medical CollegeTelangana 500003India Department of Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical CollegeJaipur 302004RajistanIndia Department of Medicine Universidade PositivoCuritiba 81290-000PRBrazil Research WellSpan HealthYorkPA 17403United States Department of Interventional Pain Medicine University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292United States Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Department of Gastroenterology Saint Michaels Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States Department of Medicine Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)are on the rise like any other liver disease,and tend to affect 25%of the United States *** impact of NAFLD and MAFLD on patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)remains *** To identify the association of NAFLD and MAFLD with mortality,hospitalization,hospital length of stay,and supplemental oxygen utilization in COVID-19 *** A systematic review of literature on Cochrane,Embase,PubMed,ScienceDirect,and Web of Science databases was conducted from January 2019 to July *** that evaluated NAFLD/MAFLD using laboratory methods,noninvasive imaging,or liver biopsy were *** study protocol was registered in PROSPERO(ID CRD42022313259)and PRISMA guidelines were *** National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the *** analysis was conducted using software Rev Man version *** stability of the results was assessed using sensitivity *** Thirty-two studies with 43388 patients were included in the meta-analysis of whom 8538(20%)patients were observed to have *** were 42254 patients from 28 studies included in the mortality analysis.A total of 2008 patients died from COVID-19;837(10.52%)in the NAFLD group and 1171(3.41%)in the non-NAFLD *** odds ratio(OR)was 1.38 for mortality with a 95%confidence interval(95%CI)=0.97-1.95 and P=0.07.A total of 5043 patients from eight studies were included in the hospital length of stay *** were 1318 patients in the NAFLD group and 3725 patients in the non-NAFLD group.A qualitative synthesis showed that the mean difference in hospital length of stay was about 2 d between the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups with a 95%CI=0.71-3.27 and P=*** hospitalization rates,the OR was 3.25 with a 95%CI of 1.73-6.10 and P=*** supplemental oxygen utilization,the OR was 2.04 with a 95%CI of 1.17-3.5

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver Fatty liver Coronavirus COVID-19 Metabolic-associated fatty liver

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Genotypic Variation for High Temperature Tolerance in Relation to Carbon Partitioning and Grain Sink Activity in Wheat

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 381-390页

作者： Bavita Asthir Puneet Kaur Rai Navtej S. bains Virinder S. Sohu Department of Biochemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India

Effect of high temperature tolerance in relation to carbon partitioning and grain sink activity was studied in ten genotypes of wheat (viz C 306, PBW 343, PBW 502, PBW 509, PBW 521, PBW 522, PBW 550, Inqalab, WL 711 and Sonalika) under normal (November, 25.6°C during grain filling) and late planting conditions (December, 29.4°C). Contents of reducing sugars first increased till actively metabolizing stage i.e. 14 days after anthesis (DAA) in parallel with the activity of acid invertase and thereafter declined. Significant reduction in total free sugars and sucrose content was observed during grain development. Acid invertase activity got induced especially in PBW 343 and C 306 under late sown conditions, whereas sucrose synthase, total amylase activities got repressed. Sucrose synthase was significantly high at all stages and it predominated over invertases. Neutral invertase and total amylase showed peak activity of one week earlier in the late sown crop as compared to normal sown crop. A premature cessation of starch deposition occurred in cvs PBW 521, PBW 522 under late sown conditions due to shortening of grain filling period. Our results suggest that decline in sugar content in spite of high sucrolytic enzymes may be correlated to more utilization of assimilates over production/translocation for grain sink activity under high temperature influences. Knowledge of the mechanisms that underlie carbohydrate partitioning in diverse genotypes could be exploited for generating germplasm that can tolerate high temperature.

关键词： Carbohydrate Metabolism Genotypes Grains Heat Stress Sucrose Starch Triticum aestivum L.

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