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Covid-19 in Pregnancy: Cases of Women Managed in the City of Douala-Cameroon

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第10期12卷 1019-1030页

作者： Bilkissou Moustapha Alphonse Nyong Ngalame Charlotte Nguefack Tchente Frederic Victor Okala kingsley ombaku Humphry Tatah Neng Diane Kamdem Ngo Batta Julie Nkendo Sandrine Darolles Mwadjie Emile Telesphore Mboudou Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: The SARS-COV-2 virus has been responsible for a health crisis in pregnancy, causing severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Materno-foetal complications can be observed. Taking into account the materno-foetal risks associated with COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and the low sample size of the first publication in Cameroon, we considered it necessary to conduct an in-depth study on the maternal and foetal prognosis of this condition in pregnant women in three hospitals in Douala. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey with retrospective data collection in the three state tertiary and reference hospitals in Douala (DGOPH, DGH and DLH) from November 1, 2021 to April 30 2022 after obtaining ethical and administrative clearances. All records of COVID-19 pregnant women confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) or COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test (COVID RDT) were included. The survey form contained socio-demographic data, clinical and para-clinical characteristics, management and materno-foetal outcome. SPSS.26 and Microsoft Excel 2016 software were used to analyze the data, and a logistic regression model was used to look for associations between the variables. Results: We found in total 96 files that met our inclusion criteria. The most represented sector of activity was the unemployed (44.46%). Patients with a secondary level of education constituted the majority with 47% (45). The main comorbidity found was diabetes (27.2%). The most frequent symptom was fever, found in 87 patients (90.1%). In our series, a chest CT scan was performed in 50 patients. Caesarean section was the most common mode of delivery (58.3%). We recorded 15.6% of maternal deaths, mainly in patients admitted to intensive care. Factors associated with maternal death were: Maternal diabetes, high LDH and D-dimer levels, and 75% lung involvement on chest CT scan. Oxygen saturation > 94% on admission was a protective factor. Regarding fetal and neonatal outcomes, we registered 30.

关键词： COVID-19 Clinical Para-Clinical Materno-Foetal Outcomes Pregnant Women

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Informed Consent Prior to Elective Gynaecological Surgery in Two Reference Hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Mixed Methods Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第9期12卷 958-978页

作者： Christiane Nsahlai Ojong Samuel Luchuo Engelbert Nseme Eric Tarkang Elvis Gouané Mathias ombaku kingsley Foumane Pascal Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Cameroon Global Health Research and Services Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Cameroon School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Cameroon

Introduction: Informed consent is a process that enshrines respect for patients’ autonomy, their dignity, and their rights to determine what happens to their own bodies. We set out to describe the surgical informed consent process and evaluate its quality in patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgeries in two University Teaching Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, prospective study over 9 month period, from October 1st, 2018, to June 30th, 2019 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). By administering a modified Brezis questionnaire 48 hours after surgery, we obtained data which enabled us to evaluate and score the informed consent process and obtained written reports of patients’ appreciation of key aspects of the informed consent process prior to surgery. We then called each participant 6 months after their surgery date to obtain information on the occurrence or not of post-operative complications. Results: We recruited 72 patients aged 24 to 68 years old (61 at YGOPH, 11 at YCH). The operating gynaecologist sought patient consent in 65.3% (49/72) of cases, while 61.1% (44/72) of the subjects would have loved to have more information on surgical risks;69.4% (50/72) were satisfied with the consent process;and 56.9% (41/72) could recall and repeat the information they received prior to surgery. While 37.5% (27/72) had poor quality (non-valid consent), 40.3% had good quality consent (valid). Consent administered by the gynaecologist (OR = 0.172;95% CI = 0.060 - 0.049) was a strong determinant of valid consent. Also, patients with non-valid consent significantly reported more complications (OR = 4.469;95% CI = 1.412 - 14.147) than those with valid consent. Conclusion: Informed consent prior to elective gynaecological surgeries in our study was poor. The timing of the consent process, as well as the person involved in the process affect the validity of the consent.

关键词： Informed Consent Elective Gynaecological Surgery Yaounde

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Patient Satisfaction after Elective Major Gynaecological Surgery in 2 Reference Hospitals in Yaounde: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第9期12卷 941-957页

作者： Christiane Nsahlai Ojong Samuel Luchuo Engelbert Bain Elvis E. Tarkang ombaku kingsley Mapina M. Alice Gouané Mathias Foumane Pascal Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Cameroon Department of Family Health Ministry of Public Health Cameroon

Introduction: Patient satisfaction is a quality-of-care measure and reveals patients’ appreciation of healthcare delivery. We sought to measure patient satisfaction following major gynaecological surgeries in 2 University Teaching Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, prospective study over 9 months (October 1st, 2018, to June 30th, 2019) at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). By administering a modified Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ-8) via phone call 6 months after surgery, we appreciated and scored key aspects linked to patient satisfaction and obtained information on post-operative complications. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel 18 and SPSS 21 setting significance at p Results: We recruited 72 patients aged 24 to 68 years. Our participants had a mean satisfaction score of 26 ± 7.854 (59.7% satisfied and 40.3% dissatisfied). All aspects tested on the SSQ-8 questionnaire influenced patient satisfaction. Patients who said they were satisfied with pain control after surgery (OR = 0.207 CI = 0.070 - 0.609, p = 0,003), and with surgical results in the SSQ-8 questionnaire (OR = 0.053, CI = 0.011 - 0.254, p < 0.001) achieved statistically significant post-operative satisfaction. Contrarily, patients who were dissatisfied with surgery results (OR = 132.000, CI = 15.256 - 114.131, p < 0.001) and those who developed complications (OR = 7.922, CI = 2.241 - 28.004, p < 0.001) were significantly dissatisfied with surgery. Additionally, 47.2% declared a poor post-operative current health status versus 52.8% who claimed a good post-operative current health status. Following multivariate analysis, satisfaction with the results of surgery (OR = 0.071, CI = 0.008 - 0.657, p = 0.020) and the occurrence of complications (OR = 7.284, CI = 1.146 - 46.273, p = 0.035) were the main determinants of patient satisfaction. Patient current health status evolved similarly to patient satisfaction and especially by satisfa

关键词： Patient Satisfaction Elective Gynaecological Surgery Yaounde

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Adiponectin orchestrates testosterone suppression in biological pathways

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第2期13卷 52-59页

作者： Ekhoye Ehitare Ikekhuamen Imonna kingsley Human Physiology Edo State University UzairueNigeria Public Health Edo State University UzairueNigeria

This current review highlights adiponectin engagement with AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 which subsequently triggers pathways such as AMPK,PPARα,and MAPK,thereby modulating testicular steroidogenesis.Adiponectin's actions on Leydig and adrenal cells inhibit androgen secretion by suppressing the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR).Given that StAR facilitates cholesterol to testosterone conversion,AMPK inhibits this process by modulating cholesterol transport and suppressing StAR expression through multiple avenues.Furthermore,adiponectin-induced PPARαactivation impedes mitochondrial cholesterol influx,further modulating androgen biosynthesis.The suppressive influence of PPARαon steroidogenic genes,notably StAR,is evident.Collectively,adiponectin signalling predominantly attenuates androgen production,ensuring metabolic and reproductive equilibrium.Imbalances,as seen in conditions like hypogonadism and obesity-related infertility,highlight their crucial roles and potential clinical interventions for reproductive disorders.

关键词： Adiponectin Testosterone Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein Steroidogenesis Leydig cells

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Pregnancy on Bicornuate Unicollis Uterus: Diagnosis, Management and Prognosis in Underprivileged Areas: About a Case, Yaoundé-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第5期11卷 602-609页

作者： Armand Kamga Talom Felix Essiben kingsley Sama ombaku Forbang Ako Esther Ngo Um Meka Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Background: A bicornuate uterus is a relatively common and often asymptomatic congenital uterine malformation. Objective: The aim of this work is to highlight the diagnostic difficulty in this case, as well as its therapeutic and prognostic aspects. We report here the case of a young girl carrying a pregnancy on an undiagnosed unicollis bicornuate uterus, which was initially diagnosed as an unruptured ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion: The bicornuate uterus still poses diagnostic difficulties, especially in disadvantaged populations due to the poor accessibility of diagnostic means.

关键词： Bicornous Uterus Cameroun Diagnosis Pregnancy Prognosis

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Thermochemical co-conversion of biomass-plastic waste to biochar:a review

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期5卷 31-49页

作者： Adewale George Adeniyi kingsley O.Iwuozor Ebuka Chizitere Emenike Oluwaseun J.Ajala Samuel Ogunniyi Kabir B.Muritala Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of IlorinIlorinP.M.B.1515Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Landmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara StateP.M.B.1001Nigeria Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaP.M.B.5025Nigeria Department of Chemistry Federal University of TechnologyBosso CampusMinnaNiger StateP.M.B.65Nigeria

Biomass and plastics are two of the most common municipal solid wastes globally that have continuously placed a burden on the environment.It is therefore important that they are properly recycled.Thermochemical coconversion offers a valuable opportunity to recycle biomass and plastics simultaneously into biochar,which reduces the time and cost of recycling them individually while producing a material with a wide range of applications.This study is a review of published literature that discusses the thermochemical co-processing of biomass and plastic wastes into biochar.It was observed that co-pyrolysis and co-hydrothermal carbonization are the most commonly utilized technologies for this process.The characteristics of different biomass and plastics that have been thermochemically converted into biochar were compared.The properties of the resulting biochar are affected by the feedstock composition,pre-treatment and blending ratio,the reactor’s configuration,reaction temperature,and the presence of a catalyst.Most studies found that treating the feedstocks separately resulted in a lower yield of biochar than processing them together.The biochar created by this procedure has been used as a soil additive and as an adsorbent for water treatment.Future perspectives and suggestions,such as the necessity for some technical advancement,biochar’s economic benefits,improved government participation,and raised social awareness,were also made.These factors have the potential to propel this field of study to great horizons.

关键词： Biomass Co-pyrolysis Plastic Thermochemical process Valorization

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Sustainable Wetland Management Using the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework as a Guide in the Sierra Leone Case

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 1-15页

作者： Changming Yang Aloysious kingsley Suleiman Yi Lang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development (IESD) Shanghai China China Railway Bureau Group Co. Ltd. Hefei China

The Sustainable Wetland Management adopted for this study depicts that, the identification of drivers and impacts is needed first, in other to get a clearer roadmap, after which the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework would come into play to serve as a pathway for Sustainability. The study evaluates how Sierra Leone might implement the Framework’s proposed strategies in National Wetland Management. As a result, the research tried to thoroughly examine the factors that contribute to wetland degradation as well as the effects they have on the people who live nearby. The purposive sampling method was used to administer 385 structured questionnaires to inhabitants. The data was then processed in an Excel spreadsheet. Microsoft Publisher was used to draw the framework and a descriptive analysis was done. Results indicated that;the majority of the inhabitants of Aberdeen Creek are traders/self-employed, furthermore, the majority chose the place because it’s less expensive and nearer to the workplace, settlement expansion and pollution are the two most common degrading activities, while flooding and health-related issues are some of the consequences, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework is regarded to be a perfect tool for wetland management. It was concluded that to accomplish the objectives in the framework, it is necessary to have both political and social will. Satellite data and water quality research are further needed to validate the report.

关键词： Kunming-Montreal Wetland Management Urbanization Biodiversity Aberdeen Creek

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Integrated Geological and Geophysical Mapping for Groundwater Potential Studies at Ekwegbe-Agu and Environs, Enugu State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第4期14卷 513-547页

作者： Charles Chibueze Ugbor Ugochukwu kingsley Ogbodo Osita Kelechi Eze Department of Geology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

The study integrates both the geological and geophysical mapping techniques for groundwater potential studies at Ekwegbe-Agu and the environs, Enugu state, Nigeria for optimal citing of borehole. Located in the Anambra Basin between latitudes 6˚43'N and 6˚47'N and longitudes 7˚28'E and 7˚32'E, it is stratigraphycally underlain by, from bottom to top, the Enugu/Nkporo, Mamu and Ajali Formation respectively, a complex geology that make citing of productive borehole in the area problematic leading to borehole failure and dry holes due to inadequate sampling. The study adopted a field and analytic sampling approach, integrating field geological, electrical resistivity and self-potential methods. The software, SedLog v3.1, InterpexIx1Dv.3, and Surfer v10 were employed for the data integration and interpretation. The result of the geological field and borehole data shows 11 sedimentary facies consisting of sandstone, shales and heterolith of sandstone/shale, with the aquifer zone mostly prevalent in the more porous sand-dominated horizons. Mostly the AK and HK were the dominant curve types. An average of 6 geo-electric layers were delineated across all transects with resistivity values ranging from 25.42 - 105.85 Ωm, 186.38 - 3383.3 Ωm, and 2992 - 6286.4 Ωm in the Enugu, Mamu and Ajali Formations respectively. The resistivity of the main aquifer layer ranges from 1 to 500 Ωm. The aquifer thickness within the study area varies between 95 and 140 m. The western and northwestern part of the study area which is underlain mainly by the Ajali Formation showed the highest groundwater potential in the area and suitable for citing productive boreholes.

关键词： Seismic Ekwegbe-Agu Groundwater Resistivity Field Mapping Borehole Logging

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Perception of Medical Students towards Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Hepatitis B Vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 39-48页

作者： Prosper Ifeanacho Okonkwo kingsley Chinedu Okafor Saratu Lamido Toluwani Bamisaiye Eunice Lagasi Department of Community Medicine & PHC Bingham University Karu Nigeria

Background: Prevention is one of the safe schemes against the high prevalence of viral Hepatitis. Negative perceptions or perceptions about the risks of hepatitis B among medical students and health care workers may influence the behavioral pattern and adoption of preventive measures against the virus and can affect the uptake of the Hepatitis B vaccine. This study assesses the perception of medical students towards Hepatitis B virus infection and Hepatitis B Vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in August 2021 among 236 clinical medical students using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analysed using the IBM SPSS 28 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Ethical approval was granted by Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Ethics Committee, Jos, Plateau State. Results: Two-thirds of respondents were of the opinion that they are at risk of contracting HBV. Half were of the opinion that the risk is very much while a third believed the risk is moderate. Among those who think they are not at risk of contracting HBV, the majority felt so because they are vaccinated while 10.3% believe that they are safe. 43.2% of respondents think that HBV Vaccine is very effective in preventing HBV infection while 39.8% think it is slightly effective, and 7.6% think it is not effective. Almost all respondents, 99.2% are of the opinion that HBV Vaccination is important for students while 0.8% think it is not important. The majority of the respondents at 95.8% were willing to be screened for HBV. The majority (85.6%) of respondents are willing to pay for HBV Vaccine as against 14.4% of respondents who are not willing to pay. Conclusion: Summarily, 21 (8.9%) of the students had a negative perception of Hepatitis B Vaccination, and 215 (91.1%) had a positive perception of Hepatitis B Vaccination. Perception-sustaining events like sem

关键词： Perception Hepatitis B Virus Infection Hepatitis B Vaccination Medical Students

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Determinants of Online Buying Behaviour of Social Media Users in Cameroon

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2024年第2期14卷 112-139页

作者： Kelly E.Ade Stephen N.Ndode kingsley L.Ngange University of Buea BueaCameroon

Online shopping in Cameroon is growing rapidly and gaining considerable ground.The phenomenon is relatively new as compared to the traditional brick-and-mortar store(serving customers face-to-face in a building rather than online).As the world faces digital transformations,businesses in Cameroon are seeking new ways to reach their customers and create favourable environments to effectively carryout online purchase.This study examines the factors that affect consumer online buying behaviour in Cameroon.Three theories guided this investigation:the Technology Acceptance Model(Davis,1989),Diffusion of Innovations Theory(Rogers,1995),and Uses and Gratifications Theory(Katz&Blumler,1974).The study focuses on students of the University of Buea who carry out online shopping.Purposive sampling is used,and data are collected from 365 respondents through a questionnaire with open and closed ended questions.Analysis of data is done with the use of the Statistical Package for Social Scientists(SPSS)Version 21 to determine the types of products consumers buy online;the degree to which consumer trust and satisfaction affect consumer loyalty;and the specific social,economic,and market factors that affect online buying behaviour.Findings indicate that:Consumers mostly buy fashion items(74.3%),electronics(44.7%),cosmetics(37.3%),and house equipment(34%)online.Consumers will repeat purchase from a marketer if they trust and are satisfied with the product and service quality(81.1%);hence,they will also encourage others to buy.If they are dissatisfied,they will not repeat purchase from the online store.Advertisement(76.1%),attractive pricing/discount(71.7%),product quality(71%),service quality(64.1%),convenience(72.3%),available income/money(49.6%),word of mouth recommendation(41.9%),and personal motivation(62.7%)constitute the major factors that affect consumer online buying behaviour.Results of the hypotheses testing show that:H1=Consumers buy more of fashion items online(X^(2)=9.950;df=16;p=0.869);H2=There is a significant relatio

关键词： online shopping consumer buying behaviour online trust and satisfaction technology Cameroon

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