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Sustainable land management interventions lead to carbon sequestration in plant biomass and soil in a mixed croplivestock system:the case of Geda watershed,central highlands of Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 387-398页

作者： Hailu Terefe Mekuria Argaw Lulseged Tamene kindu mekonnen Center for Environmental Science College of Natural ScienceAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia

Background:Sustainable land management interventions were introduced in Geda watershed in 2012 to reduce soil erosion,improve water infiltration,and increase plant-carbon inputs into the *** study explored the impact of the interventions on biomass production,carbon stock,and carbon *** sampling was employed in the main and the dry seasons in the treated and untreated sub-watersheds that are found adjacent to each ***-and below-ground plant biomass,soil bulk density and organic carbon in 0-15-and 15-30-cm depths,and soil moisture content in 0-20-and 20-40-cm depths were collected from the crop,grazing,and tree lucerne *** analyses were performed based on standard ***:Plant biomass production,carbon stock,and carbon sequestration varied highly significantly(P≤0.001)among sub-watersheds,landscape positions,and land *** mean values were observed for treated subwatershed,lower landscape position,and tree lucerne *** higher mean values in the lower landscape position of the treated sub-watershed were due to tree lucerne ***,topsoil(0-15 cm)carbon stock was statistically higher(P≤0.001)in the treated sub-watershed and at tree lucerne plot(P≤0.05).In addition,carbon stock by sub-surface soil(15-30 cm)was significantly higher(P≤0.001)in the treated sub-watershed under crop and grazing lands but the higher value was in cropland and in the upper *** could be due to the decomposition of organic materials from biomasses of crops and biological supporting measures(tree lucerne and Phalaris)facilitated by *** years of sustainable land management interventions led to the sequestration of 12.25,7.77,and 13.5 Mg C ha^(−1) under cropland,tree lucerne,and grazing plots,***:Sustainable land management interventions revealed auspicious ecological impacts in Geda watershed in terms of improving plant biomass production,carbon stock,and correspondingly capturing high

关键词： Carbon stock Landscape position Land use Plant biomass Sub-watershed

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Effects of sustainable land management interventions on selected soil properties in Geda watershed,central highlands of Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 161-171页

作者： Hailu Terefe Mekuria Argaw Lulseged Tamene kindu mekonnen John Recha Dawit Solomon Center for Environmental Science College of Natural ScienceAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O.Box 30709Nairobi 00100Kenya

Background:Land degradation through soil erosion by water is severe in the highlands of *** order to curb this problem,the government initiated sustainable land management interventions in different parts of the country since 2008,and in Geda watershed since ***,the impacts of the interventions on soil properties were not assessed so ***,this study investigated the impacts of sustainable land management interventions on selected soil properties in Geda *** samples were collected from treated and untreated subwatersheds at the upper and lower landscape positions,from cropland and grazing lands at two soil depths(0-15 cm and 15-30 cm).Selected soil physicochemical properties were assessed with respect to landscape position,land-use type,and soil depth in both treated and untreated ***:Generally,most of the soil physicochemical properties differed greatly across sub-watersheds,land-use types,and soil ***,electrical conductivity,total N,available P,exchangeable K,and organic carbon were higher in the treated sub-watershed,whereas sand,silt,bulk density,and pH were higher in the untreated *** higher sand,silt,and bulk density could be attributed to erosion,while the higher pH could be due to the higher exchangeable Na in the untreated *** of the selected soil chemical properties were not affected by landscape position,but land-use type affected available P and organic carbon with higher mean values at croplands than at grazing lands,which could be ascribed to the conservation structure and tillage of the soils in that conservation structures trap and accumulate transported organic materials from the upper slope,while tillage facilitates aeration and decomposition ***:Sustainable land management interventions improved soil physicochemical properties and brought a positive restoration of the soil *** the soil conservation measures and enhancing communi

关键词： Crop–livestock system Land degradation Land-use type Sub-watershed Soil depth

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Competition for land resources:driving forces and consequences in crop-livestock production systems of the Ethiopian highlands

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 333-347页

作者： Wuletaw Mekuria kindu mekonnen Peter Thorne Melkamu Bezabih Lulseged Tamene Wuletawu Abera Centre for Rural Development College of Development StudiesAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.Box 5689 Addis AbabaEthiopia

Introduction:Ethiopia has made efforts to tackle the challenges of low crop and livestock productivity and degradation of land resources through various rural development ***,increasing demands for food,animal feed,fuel,and income-generating activities are putting pressure on the *** this paper,we describe the production pressure and competition between crop and livestock production,quantify rates of land-use/cover(LULC)changes,and examine driving forces and consequences of land ***:The study was conducted in Gudo Beret watershed,North Shewa Zone of Amhara region,*** used a combination of methods including remote sensing,household interviews,field observations,focus group discussions,and key informant *** and unsupervised image classification methods were employed to map LULC classes for 31 years(1984–2016).Results:The results of satellite remote sensing revealed that 51%of the land in the study area was subject to accelerated land *** household survey results indicated that feed resources and grain production pressures were 1.43 and 1.34 t ha^(−1) *** observed annual changes in plantation and settlement areas were 2.6%and 2.9%.This was mainly at the expense of bushland and grazing land *** increased(0.4%year^(−1))while grazing land reduced(3.5%year^(−1))under contrasting dynamics and competitive *** increase in human and livestock populations and farm expansion were major drivers of land conversion that adversely affected household livelihoods and the natural *** consequences of these pressures resulted in a lack of animal feed,low crop-livestock productivity,and a reduction in natural vegetation ***:We suggest that sustainable land resource management,more integrated crop-livestock production,and the use of productivity-enhancing technologies could play a role in managing competition for land resources.

关键词： Cropland Land pressure Livestock Population growth Production dynamics

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集成住房发展项目对埃塞俄比亚城市减贫的影响:以亚的斯亚贝巴为例

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国际城市规划 2018年第5期33卷 79-85页

作者：王沐塔孙浩殷成志埃塞俄比亚国家民主运动阿姆哈拉(Amhara)委员会清华大学公共管理学院

贫困是城市可持续发展的最大掣肘之一。本文旨在通过对亚的斯亚贝巴市的案例研究,来评估该市2005年推出的集成住房发展项目在何种程度上为减轻城市贫困做出了贡献,并评估在实施该计划方面遇到的挑战。本文以可持续生计框架作为理论支撑... 详细信息

贫困是城市可持续发展的最大掣肘之一。本文旨在通过对亚的斯亚贝巴市的案例研究,来评估该市2005年推出的集成住房发展项目在何种程度上为减轻城市贫困做出了贡献,并评估在实施该计划方面遇到的挑战。本文以可持续生计框架作为理论支撑,采用定量研究方法,以调查问卷作为主要的数据收集方法,通过随机和系统抽样的方法确定调查对象。描述性统计分析结果表明,集成住房发展项目增加了家庭收入和节约水平,改善了居民的健康状况,提高了女性权益,保障了公民的居住权等,对城市减贫发挥了重要作用。

关键词：城市化集成住房发展项目城市贫困减贫亚的斯亚贝巴政策评估

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