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Efficacy of Vaccine Protection Against COVID-19 Virus Infection in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 718-735页

作者： Carmen Ka Man Cheung kimmy wan tung law Alvin Wing Hin law Man Fai law Rita Ho Sunny Hei Wong Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina West Island School Hong KongChina Department of Medicine North District HospitalHong KongChina Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChinaLee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 is a use-ful weapon to combat the virus. Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs), including compensated or decompensated liver cirrhosis and noncirrhotic diseases, have a decreased immunologic response to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. At the same time, they have increased mortality if infected. Current data show a reduction in mortality when patients with chronic liver diseases are vaccinated. A suboptimal vac-cine response has been observed in liver transplant recipi-ents, especially those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, so an early booster dose is recommended to achieve a better protective effect. Currently, there are no clinical data com-paring the protective efficacy of different vaccines in patients with chronic liver diseases. Patient preference, availability of the vaccine in the country or area, and adverse effect profiles are factors to consider when choosing a vaccine. There have been reports of immune-mediated hepatitis after coronavi-rus disease 2019 vaccination, and clinicians should be aware of that potential side effect. Most patients who developed hepatitis after vaccination responded well to treatment with prednisolone, but an alternative type of vaccine should be considered for subsequent booster doses. Further prospec-tive studies are required to investigate the duration of immu-nity and protection against different viral variants in patients with chronic liver diseases or liver transplant recipients, as well as the effect of heterologous vaccination.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Chronic liver disease Liver transplanta-tion Vaccine mRNA.

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Prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies in the targeted therapy era

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世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版 2023年第33期29卷 4942-4961页

作者： Joyce Wing Yan Mak Alvin Wing Hin law kimmy wan tung law Rita Ho Carmen Ka Man Cheung Man Fai law Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales HospitalHong Kong 852China West Island School Hong Kong 852China Department of Medicine North District HospitalHong Kong 852China

Hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation can be serious and potentially fatal,but is *** reactivation is most commonly reported in patients receiving chemotherapy,especially rituximab-containing therapy for hematological malignancies and those receiving stem cell *** with inactive and even resolved HBV infection still have persistence of HBV genomes in the *** expression of these silent genomes is controlled by the immune *** or ablation of immune cells,most importantly B cells,may lead to reactivation of seemingly resolved HBV ***,all patients with hematological malignancies receiving anticancer therapy should be screened for active or resolved HBV infection by blood tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and antibody to hepatitis B core *** found to be positive for HBsAg should be given prophylactic antiviral *** patients with resolved HBV infection,there are two *** first is pre-emptive therapy guided by serial HBV DNA monitoring,and treatment with antiviral therapy as soon as HBV DNA becomes *** second approach is prophy-lactic antiviral therapy,particularly for patients receiving high-risk therapy,especially anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody or hematopoietic stem cell *** and tenofovir are the preferred antiviral *** new effective therapies for hematological malignancies have been introduced in the past decade,for example,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell therapy,novel monoclonal antibodies,bispecific antibody drug conjugates,and small molecule inhibitors,which may be associated with HBV *** there is limited evidence to guide the optimal preventive measures,we recommend antivi-ral prophylaxis in HBsAg-positive patients receiving novel treatments,including Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors,B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors,and CAR-T cell *** studies are needed to determine the risk o

关键词： Hepatitis B Hematologic neoplasms Chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy Monoclonal antibodies Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors Antiviral agents

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Gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects of potential treatment for COVID-19 and vaccination in patients with chronic liver diseases

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第12期13卷 1850-1874页

作者： Man Fai law Rita Ho kimmy wan tung law Carmen Ka Man Cheung Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine North District HospitalHong KongChina West Island School Hong KongChina

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global *** clinical trials have been performed to investigate potential treatments or vaccines for this disease to reduce the high morbidity and *** drugs of higher interest include umifenovir,bromhexine,remdesivir,lopinavir/ritonavir,steroid,tocilizumab,interferon alpha or beta,ribavirin,fivapiravir,nitazoxanide,ivermectin,molnupiravir,hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin,and ***(GI)symptoms and liver dysfunction are frequently seen in patients with COVID-19,which can make it difficult to differentiate disease manifestations from treatment adverse *** symptoms of COVID-19 include anorexia,dyspepsia,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea and abdominal *** injury can be a result of systemic inflammation or cytokine storm,or due to the adverse drug effects in patients who have been receiving different *** monitoring of liver function should be ***-19 vaccines have been rapidly developed with different technologies including mRNA,viral vectors,inactivated viruses,recombinant DNA,protein subunits and live attenuated *** with chronic liver disease or inflammatory bowel disease and liver transplant recipients are encouraged to receive vaccination as the benefits outweigh the *** against COVID-19 is also recommended to family members and healthcare professionals caring for these patients to reduce exposure to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus.

关键词： COVID-19 treatment Gastrointestinal side effects Hepatic side effects COVID-19 vaccine Chronic liver disease Liver transplantation

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钨冶炼溶液体系的非均匀化规律研究

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稀有金属与硬质合金 2012年第1期40卷 5-9页

作者：万林生孙丽杨树生陈玲龚丹丹李红超江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院江西赣州341000 鑫达金银开发中心北京100038

研究了钨冶炼中钨酸钠溶液、钨酸铵溶液、解吸剂溶液三种溶液体系的非均匀化规律。结果表明,WO24-较Cl-的非均匀化程度大,且溶液体系的非均匀化速率均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,摩尔质量较小的OH-非均匀化现象并不明显。分析指出,WO24-、... 详细信息

研究了钨冶炼中钨酸钠溶液、钨酸铵溶液、解吸剂溶液三种溶液体系的非均匀化规律。结果表明,WO24-较Cl-的非均匀化程度大,且溶液体系的非均匀化速率均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,摩尔质量较小的OH-非均匀化现象并不明显。分析指出,WO24-、Cl-和OH-的摩尔质量/离子半径比越大,其溶液的非均匀化程度也越大;粘度大的溶液非均匀化速率较慢。

关键词：钨冶炼溶液体系非均匀化浓度粘度

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