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mammary gland growth and vascularity at parturition and during lactation in primiparous ewes fed differing levels of selenium and nutritional plane during gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 287-293页

作者： Tammi L Neville Allison m meyer Arshi Reyaz Pawel B Borowicz Dale A Redmer Lawrence P Reynolds Joel S Caton kimberly A Vonnahme Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy Department of Animal Sciences North Dakota State University

Background： Objectives were to examine the effects of selenium （Se） supply and maternal nutritional plane during gestation on mammary gland growth, cellular proliferation, and vascularity at parturition and d 20 of lactation. Rambouillet primiparous ewes （n = 84） were allocated to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial. Factors were dietary Se （adequate Se [ASe, 11.5 μg/kg BW] or high Se [HSe, 77.0 μg/kg BVV]） and nutritional plane （60% IRES], 100% [CON], or 140% [EXC]）. At parturition, lambs were removed and 42 ewes （7/treatment） were necropsied. Remaining ewes were fed a common diet meeting requirements for lactation and mechanically milked twice daily until necropsy on d 20. At both necropsy periods, mammary glands were dissected and tissues harvested. Samples were analyzed for RNA, DNA, and protein content, cell proliferation, and vascularity. Where interactions were present （P 〈 0.05）, least squares means from the highest-order interaction are presented. Results： Final body weight of ewes was least （P 〈 0.002） in RES, intermediate for CON, and greatest for EXC, regardless of stage of the ewe at necropsy （parturition or d 20 of lactation）. In ewes necropsied at parturition, mammary glands were heavier （P = 0.02） in EXC compared to RES, with CON intermediate. Concentration of RNA （rag/g） was decreased （P= 0.01） in EXC compared to CON at parturition. There was a tendency （P= 0.07） for a Se by nutrition interaction in percentage of cells proliferating where ASe-EXC ewes had greater （P_〈 0.02） number of proliferating cells then all other treatments. mammary vascular area tended （P = 0.08） to be affected by a Se by nutrition interaction where ASe-CON had less （P= 0.007） vascular area than HSe-CON ewes. In ewes necropsied at d 20 of lactation, the number of alveoli per area was decreased （P 〈- 0.05） in RES compared to CON and EXC-fed ewes. Conclusions： Results of this study indicate that proper maternal nutritional plane during gestation is important for mammary gland develo

关键词： mammary gland Nutrition Proliferation Selenium Vascularity

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Did maize domestication and early spread mediate the population genetics of corn leafhopper?

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 569-586页

作者： Julio S. Bernal Amanda m. Davila-Flores Raul F. medina Yolanda H. Chen Kyle E. Harrison kimberly A. Berrier Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of Vermont Burlington Vermont USA

Investigating how crop domestication and early farming mediated crop attributes, distributions, and interactions with antagonists may shed light on today's agricultural pest problems. Crop domestication generally involved artificial selection for traits desirable to early farmers, for example, in creased productivity or yield, and enhanced qualities, though invariably it altered the interactions between crops and insects, and expanded the geographical ranges of crops. Thus, some studies suggest that with crop domestication and spread, insect populations on wild crop ancestors gave rise to pestiferous insect populations on crops. Here, we addressed whether the emergence of corn leafhopper (Dalbulus ma id is) as an agricultural pest may be associated with domestication and early spread of maize (Zea mays mays). We used AFLP markers and mitochondrial COI sequences to assess population genetic structuring and haplotype relationships among corn leafhopper samples from maize and its wild relative Zea diploperennis from multiple locations in mexico and Argentina. We uncovered seven corn leafhopper haplotypes contained within two haplogroups, one haplogroup containing haplotypes associated with maize and the other containing haplotypes associated with Z. diploperennis in a mountainous habitat. Within the first haplogroup, one haplotype was predominant across mexican locations, and another across Argentinean locations;both were considered pestiferous. We suggested that the divergence times of the maize-associated haplogroup and of the "pestiferous" haplotypes are correlated with the chronology of maize spread following its domestication. Overall, our results support a hypothesis positing that maize domestication favored corn leafhopper genotypes preadapted for exploiting maize so that they became pestiferous, and that with the geographical expansi on of maize farming, corn leafhopper colonized Z. diploperennis, a host exclusive to secluded habitats that serves as a refuge fo

关键词： Dalbulus maidis haplotype network analysis perennial teosinte population genetic structuring Zea diploperennis Zea mays mays

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干颗粒系统的摩擦流变性研究

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2023年第1期39卷 98-109页

作者：满腾张沛葛转佘吉鸿 kimberly mHill Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou 310024 China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Saint Anthony Fall Laboratory and the Department of Civil Environmental and Geo- Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 United States

颗粒材料在自然界和工程应用中极为常见,深入理解并合理利用其流变性对于预测与减轻自然灾害以及描述多种工程材料力学性质至关重要.然而,现有研究仍未建立起颗粒之间摩擦特性与颗粒集合体宏观的力学特性之间的物理联系.本文利用离散单... 详细信息

颗粒材料在自然界和工程应用中极为常见,深入理解并合理利用其流变性对于预测与减轻自然灾害以及描述多种工程材料力学性质至关重要.然而,现有研究仍未建立起颗粒之间摩擦特性与颗粒集合体宏观的力学特性之间的物理联系.本文利用离散单元法(DEm)考察了不同颗粒间摩擦系数对定压剪切条件下的颗粒材料的流变性的影响,试图建立基于粒间摩擦的颗粒流变学模型.本研究计算显示,增加颗粒之间的摩擦系数可以显著改变颗粒集合体的整体流变特性,增加颗粒系统的有效摩擦系数µeff,并减小定压剪切条件下的稳态固体体积分数ϕs.在此基础上,本报告提出用于描述不同粒间摩擦特性颗粒材料流变性的无量纲数m,并建立摩擦流变模型.同时考察了m和无量纲颗粒温度Θ之间的关系,分析了摩擦系数对于粒间作用力概率分布函数的影响.进一步延伸了传统的流变模型的应用范围,有助于建立更为普适的颗粒材料本构模型.

关键词：材料力学性质颗粒材料流变学模型概率分布函数颗粒系统摩擦特性无量纲数流变模型

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micromolded honeycomb scaffold design to support the generation of a bilayered RPE and photoreceptor cell construct

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Bioactive materials 2023年第12期30卷 142-153页

作者： In-Kyu Lee Ruosen Xie Agustin Luz-madrigal Seunghwan min Jingcheng Zhu Jiahe Jin kimberly L.Edwards m.Joseph Phillips Allison L.Ludwig David m.Gamm Shaoqin Gong Zhenqiang ma Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53715USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA mcPherson Eye Research Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Waisman Center University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Grainger Institute for Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA

Age-related macular degeneration(AmD)causes blindness due to loss of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and photoreceptors(PRs),which comprise the two outermost layers of the *** the small size of the macula and the importance of direct contact between RPE and PRs,the use of scaffolds for targeted reconstruction of the outer retina in later stage AmD and other macular dystrophies is particularly *** developed microfabricated,honeycomb-patterned,biodegradable poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)scaffolds to deliver organized,adjacent layers of RPE and PRs to the subretinal ***,an optimized process was developed to photocure PGS,shortening scaffold production time from days to *** resulting scaffolds robustly supported the seeding of human pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE and PRs,either separately or as a dual celllayered *** advanced,economical,and versatile scaffolds can accelerate retinal cell transplantation efforts and benefit patients with AmD and other retinal degenerative diseases.

关键词： microfabrication Retina Scaffolds Stem cells Tissue engineering

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Tbr2-expressing intermediate progenitor cells in the adult mouse hippocampus are unipotent neuronal precursors with limited amplification capacity under homeostasis

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第3期10卷 262-271页

作者： Daniel A. Berg , Ki-Jun Yoon Brett Will Alex Y. Xiao Nam-Shik Kim kimberly m. Christian Hongjun Song Guo-li ming Institute Jor Cell Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA Laboratory of molecular Neurobiology Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institute Scheelevag 2 17 117 Stockholm Sweden The Solomon 11. Snyder Department of Neuroscience Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA

Neurogenesis persists in two locations of the adult mammalian brain, the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus. In the adult subgranular zone, radial glial- like cells （RGLs） are multipotent stem cells that can give rise to both astrocytes and neurons. In the process of generating neurons, RGLs divide asymmetrically to give rise to one RGL and one intermediate progenitor cell （IPC）. IPCs are considered to be a population of transit amplifying cells that proliferate and eventually give rise to mature granule neurons. The properties of individual IPCs at the clonai level are not well understood. Furthermore, it is not clear whether IPCs can generate astrocytes or revert back to RGLs, besides generating neurons. Here we developed a genetic marking strategy for clonal analysis and lineage-tracing of individual Tbr2-expressing IPCs in the adult hippocampus in vivo using Tbr2-CreERT2 mice. Using this technique we identified Tbr2-CreERT2 labeled IPCs as unipotent neuronal precursors that do not generate astrocytes or RGLs under homeostasis. Additionally, we showed that these labeled IPCs rapidly generate immature neurons in a synchronous manner and do not undergo a significant amount of amplification under homeostasis, in animals subjected to an enriched environment/running, or in animals with different age. In summary, our study suggests that Tbr2-expressing IPCs in the adult mouse hippocampus are unipotent precursors and rapidly give rise to immature neurons without major amplification.

关键词： adult neurogenesis Tbr2 clonal analysis lineage tracing enriched environment

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The Intersectionality Framework and Its Contribution to Nursing Knowledge Related to the Prevention of mother to Child Transmission (PmTCT) Program

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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第12期11卷 1052-1063页

作者： Joyce Kamanzi Solina m. Richter Pauline Paul kimberly Jarvis Faculty of Nursing University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada College of Nursing University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada memorial University of Newfoundland Newfoundland Canada

Nurses work within a multidimensional scope of practice, which includes a reactive approach of treating health problems, a proactive stance of health promotion, and disease prevention. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the contribution of the intersectionality framework in building nursing knowledge related to the PmTCT of HIV and show how the intersectionality framework can contribute to the improvement of nursing practice, policy, and research related to PmTCT of HIV. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to be able to discuss the contribution of intersectionality framework in nursing knowledge. Intersectionality is a nice perspective that gives insight into different identities that link and work together to provide inequalities. Intersectionality is a well-suited approach in a nursing profession where we strive to offer efficient and better care to our patients or clients;an excellent tool to explore more on the roots of inequality, oppression, and discrimination.

关键词： Intersectionality Nursing Knowledge PmTCT HIV

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Use of Critical Ethnography to Study the PmTCT Program

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 147-158页

Background: Despite the efforts at establishing Prevention of mother to Child Transmission (PmTCT) programs in Rwanda, there are still children who are becoming infected through mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The purpose of our research study was to explore the experiences of HIV positive women using PmTCT program to prevent HIV transmission in Rwanda. methodology: In this study, a qualitative approach using a critical ethnographic design was used to answer to our research question and with the aim to discover the meaning, process, and context of the studied phenomenon. In this paper, we discussed ethnography, critical ethnography, and its related philosophical assumptions as well as illustrating the rational for the use of critical ethnography to study the PmTCT program. Critical ethnography ultimately will contribute to raising awareness on how we can prevent new infections among children born from HIV positive mothers who are using the PmTCT program. The findings suggested a wide range of challenging factors that are shaped by social, political, cultural, economic, ethnic, and gender values, and that directly and indirectly affect the uptake of the PmTCT program. While using the critical realist ontology, we discovered multiple truths about the challenging factors for HIV+ mothers experience to uptake the PmTCT program. We triangulated their experiences with the findings gathered from healthcare providers, PmTCT leaders and policymakers, field observation, and document analysis. No previous studies on this phenomenon used a critical lens to explore the reality behind a wide range of experiences of mothers using the PmTCT program to prevent HIV transmission in Rwanda. Conclusion: The critical nature of this inquiry contributed to the depth and breadth of knowledge related to the delivery of the PmTCT program to prevent mTCT of HIV.

关键词： Critical Ethnography HIV Nursing Knowledge PmTCT

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Development of an instrument to identify symptoms potentially indicative of ovarian cancer in a primary care clinic setting

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012年第3期2卷 183-191页

作者： m. Robyn Andersen Barbara A. Goff kimberly A. Lowe Exponent Health Sciences Seattle Washington molecular Diagnostics Program Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle USA School of Public Health University of Washington Seattle Washington

Background: Several recently published studies suggest that screening for symptoms could improve the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This report describes the development of a simple and reliable method of collecting symptom information in a primary care clinic. methods: 1200 women, ages 40 - 87, completed several versions of a draft symptom index (SI) assessment form during their visits to a primary care clinic. Factors associated with a positive SI result were examined. Providers were surveyed about acceptability of the symptom screening procedures. Findings: Variation in the instructions provided to women influenced the rate at which women indicated having symptoms indicative of a positive SI, 5% had positive results when written instructions emphasized listing only current symptoms. Women coming to the clinic because of a current medical concern or problem did have higher rates of positive SI results, as did non-white women (p mplete the SI in under 5 minutes. One patient with a positive SI was diagnosed with ovarian cancer and none with a negative SI developed cancer. Interpretation: A quick paper and pencil form can be used to identify women with symptoms potentially indicative of ovarian cancer. Use of such a form for ovarian cancer screening purposes is acceptable to most women and providers in a primary care clinic setting.

关键词： Ovarian Cancer Symptoms

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Improving detection of cerebral small vessel disease aetiology in patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第1期8卷 26-33页

作者： Alvin S Das Elif Gokcal Robert W Regenhardt mitchell J Horn Kristin Schwab Nader Daoud Anand Viswanathan W Taylor kimberly Joshua N Goldstein Alessandro Biffi Natalia Rost Jonathan Rosand Lee H Schwamm Steven m Greenberg m Edip Gurol Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Emergency medicine Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background and purpose We evaluate whether non-haemorrhagic imaging markers(NHIm)(white matter hyperintensity patterns,lacunes and enlarged perivascular spaces(EPVS))can discriminate cerebral amyloid angiopathy(CAA)from hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease(HTN-cSVD)among patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage(isolated-LICH).methods In patients with isolated-LICH,four cSVD aetiologic groups were created by incorporating the presence/distribution of NHIm:HTN-cSVD pattern,CAA pattern,mixed NHIm and no *** pattern consisted of patients with any combination of severe centrum semiovale EPVS,lobar lacunes or multiple subcortical spots ***-cSVD pattern consisted of any HTN-cSVD markers:severe basal ganglia PVS,deep lacunes or peribasal ganglia white matter hyperintensity *** NHIm consisted of at least one imaging marker from either *** hypothesis was that patients with HTN-cSVD pattern/mixed NHIm would have a higher frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH),which is associated with *** In 261 patients with isolated-LICH,CAA pattern was diagnosed in 93 patients,HTN-cSVD pattern in 53 patients,mixed NHIm in 19 patients and no NHIm in 96 *** frequency of LVH was similar among those with HTN-cSVD pattern and mixed NHIm(50%vs 39%,p=0.418)but was more frequent in HTN-cSVD pattern compared with CAA pattern(50%vs 20%,pmodel,HTN-cSVD pattern(OR:7.38;95%CI 2.84 to 19.20)and mixed NHIm(OR:4.45;95%CI 1.25 to 15.90)were found to be independently associated with *** Among patients with isolated-LICH,NHIm may help differentiate HTN-cSVD from CAA,using LVH as a marker for HTN-cSVD.

关键词： patients cerebral hypertensive

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Perforated duodenal ulcer:An unusual manifestation of allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第44期21卷 12709-12712页

作者： Kevin m Riggle Ghassan Wahbeh Elizabeth m Williams kimberly J Riehle Department of General Surgery University of Washington Seattle Division of Gastroenterology Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle Division of Pathology Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery Seattle Children’s Hospital

Spontaneous perforation of a duodenal ulcer secondary to allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EGE) has not been previously reported. We present such a case in a teenager who presented with peritonitis. After exploration and operative repair of his ulcer, he continued to experience intermittent abdominal pain, and further evaluation revealed eosinophilic gastroenteritis in the setting of multiple food allergies. His EGE resolved after adhering to a restrictive diet. Both duodenal ulcers and EGE are very rarely seen in pediatric patients. EGE has a variable presentation depending on the layer(s) of bowel wall affected and the segment of the gastrointestinal tract that is involved. Once diagnosed, it may respond to dietary changes in patients with recognized food allergies, or to steroids in patients in whom an underlying cause is not identified. Our case highlights the need to keep EGE in the differential diagnosis when treating pediatric patients with duodenal ulcers. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of EGE are also discussed, along with a review of the current literature.

关键词： Pediatric Duodenal ulcer Eosinophilic Gastroenteri

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