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Dynamics and mechanisms of permethrin resistance in a field population of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 175-184页

作者： Andrew Y. Li kimberly H. Lohmeyer j. Allen Miller USDA ARS Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville TX 78028 USA

A study was conducted at the Pressler ranch, near Kerrville, Texas, USA between 2002 and 2006 to determine the dynamics and mechanisms of resistance to permethrin in a field population of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans （L.）. Changes of resistance to pyrethroid insecticide associated with use of a pour-on formulation of cyfluthrin in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in subsequent years were studied using a filter paper bioassay technique and a polymerase chain reaction assay that detects two sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294-fold resistance to permethrin was observed in the summer of 2002. A significant decrease in the resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with diazinon ear tags. In response to pyrethroid treatments, the allelic kdr and super-kdr frequency increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively in 2002, and decreased significantly in 2003 when the pyrethroid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to have a higher allelic super-kdr frequency than males in 2002, while no difference was detected between males and females in the allelic kdr frequency. There was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of the sodium channel mutations and levels ofpermethrin resistance, suggesting that the sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr, are the major mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroids in this horn fly population. Results of synergist bioassays also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mechanisms, the mixed function oxidases （MFO） and glutathione S-trans- ferases （GST）. Compared to a horn fly infestation of an untreated herd, treatments with the pyrethroid pour-on formulation failed to control horn flies at the Pressler ranch in 2002. Sustained control of horn flies was achieved with the use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and subsequent years.

关键词： efficacy horn fly insecticide resistance PCR permethrin pyrethroids

Treatment of distal femur fractures in a regional Australian hospital

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World journal of Orthopedics 2014年第3期5卷 379-385页

作者： Ewan Batchelor Clare Heal j kimberly Haladyn Herwig Drobetz Department of General Practice and Rural Medicine James Cook University School of Medicine and DentistryLevel 1Building KMackay Base HospitalMackay QLD 4740Australia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mackay Base HospitalMackay QLD 4740Australia

AIM:To review our outcomes and compare the results of the Less Invasive Stabilization System(LISS)to other implants for distal femur fracture management at a regional Australian ***:The LISS is a novel implant for the management of distal femur *** is,however,technically demanding and treatment results have not yet been assessed outside tertiary ***-seven patients with 28 distal femur fractures who had been managed surgically at the Mackay Base Hospital from january 2004 to December 2010 were retrospectively enrolled and assessed clinically and *** were union,pain,Lysholm score,knee range of motion,and complication ***:Twenty fractures were managed with the LISS and eight fractures were managed with alternative *** of the surgical techniques re-vealed that 11 fractures managed with the LISS were performed according to the recommended principles(LISS-R)and 9 were not(LISS-N).Union occurred in67.9%of fractures overall:9/11(82%)in the LISS-R group vs 5/9(56%)in the LISS-N group and 5/8(62.5%)in the alternative implant *** was no statistically significant difference between pain,Lysholm score,and complication rates between the ***,there was a trend towards the LISS-R group having superior outcomes which were clinically *** was a statistically significant greater range of median knee flexion in the LISS-R group with compared to the LISS-N group(P=0.0143)and compared with the alternative implant group(P=0.0454).CONCLUSION:The trends towards the benefits of the LISS procedure when correctly applied would suggest that not only should the LISS procedure be performed for distal femur fractures,but the correct principle of insertion is important in improving the patient’s outcome.

关键词： Distal femur fracture Less Invasive Stabilization System Locking plates Retrospective Operative technique

Methods for engineering therapeutic peptides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第7期29卷 1074-1078页

作者： Yaohao Li kimberly A.Clark Zhongping Tan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado

Peptides are a class of drugs that have become increasingly important and influential for the treatment of many human diseases. Compared to traditional small molecule drugs, peptides have the potential for higher target specificity and potency, along with better safety profiles. On the other hand, the complex and fragile nature of peptides poses significant challenges for their administration. Of particular concern is that they are often unstable and can be rapidly degraded by various proteases after dosing. To address these inherent problems of peptides, many different methods have been attempted. Here, we briefly review these methods, with an emphasis on the effect of each method.

关键词： Therapeutic peptides Engineering Half-life Stability Solubility Aggregation Permeability

Another look at silent circulation of poliovirus in small populations

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2018年第1期3卷 107-117页

作者： Dominika A.Kalkowska Radboud j.Duintjer Tebbens kimberly M.Thompson Kid Risk Inc.605 N.High St.#253ColumbusOH 43215USA

Background:Silent circulation of polioviruses complicates the polio endgame and motivates analyses that explore the probability of undetected circulation for different scenarios.A recent analysis suggested a relatively high probability of unusually long silent circulation of polioviruses in small populations(defined as 10,000 people or smaller).Methods:We independently replicated the simple,hypothetical model by Vallejo et al.(2017)and repeated their analyses to explore the model behavior,interpretation of the results,and implications of simplifying ***:We found a similar trend of increasing times between detected cases with increasing basic reproduction number(R0)and population ***,we found substantially lower estimates of the probability of at least 3 years between successive polio cases than they reported,which appear more consistent with the prior *** small and isolated populations may sustain prolonged silent circulation,our reanalysis suggests that the existing rule of thumb of less than a 5%chance of 3 or more years of undetected circulation with perfect surveillance holds for most conditions of the model used by Vallejo et *** most realistic ***:Avoiding gaps in surveillance remains critical to declaring wild poliovirus elimination with high confidence as soon as possible after the last detected poliovirus,but concern about transmission in small populations with adequate surveillance should not significantly change the criteria for the certification of wild polioviruses.

关键词： Polio Small populations Silent circulation Stochastic modeling

The lncRNA BORG: a novel inducer of TNBC metastasis, chemoresistance, and disease recurrence

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journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第5期4卷 48-61页

作者： Alex j.Gooding kimberly A.Parker Saba Valadkhan William P.Schiemann Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Pharmacology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA

Although greater than 90% of breast cancer-related mortality can be attributed to metastases, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the dissemination of primary breast tumor cells and their ability to establish malignant lesions in distant tissues remain incompletely understood. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified a class of transcripts called long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which interact both directly and indirectly with key components of gene regulatory networks to alter cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. We identified a pro-metastatic lncRNA BMP/OP-Responsive Gene (BORG) whose aberrant expression promotes metastatic relapse by reactivating proliferative programs in dormant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). BORG expression is broadly and strongly induced by environmental and chemotherapeutic stresses, a transcriptional response that facilitates the survival of DTCs. Transcriptomic reprogramming in response to BORG resulted in robust signaling via survival and viability pathways, as well as decreased activation of cell death pathways. As such, BORG expression acts as a (1) marker capable of predicting which breast cancer patients are predisposed to develop secondary metastatic lesions;and (2) unique therapeutic target to maximize chemosensitivity of DTCs. Here we review the molecular and cellular factors that contribute to the pathophysiological activities of BORG during its regulation of breast cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and disease recurrence.

关键词： BORG chemoresistance disease recurrence dormancy long noncoding RNA metastasis triple-negative breast cancer

Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease in mice with dietinduced obesity

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第33期29卷 4991-5004页

作者： Kendra L Francis kimberly M Alonge Maria Cristina Pacheco Shannon j Hu Cody A Krutzsch Gregory j Morton Michael W Schwartz jarrad M Scarlett Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States 不详 Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Seattle Children's HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States

BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggests a causal link between these diseases,potentially involving the effect of hyperglycemia to disrupt intestinal barrier *** To investigate whether the deleterious impact of diabetes on the intestinal barrier is associated with increased IBD severity in a murine model of colitis in mice with and without diet-induced *** Mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet and subsequently received streptozotocin to induce diabetic-range *** weeks later,dextran sodium sulfate was given to induce *** select experiments,a subset of diabetic mice was treated with the antidiabetic drug dapagliflozin prior to colitis *** included both clinical and histological measures of colitis activity as well as histochemical markers of colonic epithelial barrier *** In mice given a high-fat diet,but not chow-fed animals,diabetes was associated with significantly increased clinical colitis activity and histopathologic markers of disease *** was also associated with a decrease in key components that regulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity(colonic mucin layer content and epithelial tight junction proteins)in diet-induced obese *** of these effects of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice was ameliorated by restoring *** In obese mice,diabetes worsened clinical and pathologic outcomes of colitis via mechanisms that are reversible with treatment of ***-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction offers a plausible mechanism linking diabetes to increased colitis *** findings suggest that effective diabetes management may decrease the clinical severity of IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Type 2 diabetes Obesity Intestinal barrier Hyperglycemia Colitis in mice Tight junction proteins

Meeting the Health-care Needs of the Rural Elderly:The Unique Role of Village Doctors

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China & World Economy 2013年第3期21卷 44-60页

作者： kimberly Singer Babiarz Hongmei Yi Renfu Luo Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research Stanford University Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

Despite their recent deterioration, village clinics have historically been an important source of health care for the poor and elderly in rural China. In this paper, we examine the current role of village clinics, the patients who use them and some of the services they provide. We focus specifically on the role of village clinics in meeting the health-care needs of the rural poor and elderly. We find that although clinics are continuing to decline financially, they remain a source of care for the rural elderly and poor. We estimate that the elderly are 10-15 percent more likely than young individuals to seek care at a clinic. We show that clinics provide many unique services to support the rural elderly （and the elderly poor）, such as in-home patient care, the option for patients to pay on credit, and free and discounted services.

关键词： elderly health care village doctor

Contemporary percutaneous reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction in the elderly

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2005年第1期2卷 48-53页

作者： kimberly A.Skelding Charanjit S.Rihal Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA

Elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction have not been specifically studied in the context of a large randomized clinical trial. Estimates of the efficacy of available treatments are gleaned from subset analyses of clinical trials, retrospective analysis and singlecenter experiences. In western countries the population is aging and a disproportionate number of myocardial infarctions occur in the elderly. Usage of appropriate therapy in this age group is becoming increasingly important given the potential for benefit but also the potential for harm. Recent publications have found steady improvement in outcomes in the elderly population utilizing contemporary interventions.

关键词： acute myocardial infarction elderly percutaneous coronary intervention

Evaluation of adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence-based system in rooms occupied by patients with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第3期1卷 217-220页

作者： Anna Montgomery kimberly Hammer Dubert Guerrero Tze Shien Lo Department of Research San Francisco VA Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Medicine University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksNDUSA Department of Infection Prevention Fargo VA Healthcare SystemFargoNDUSA Department of Infection Prevention Sanford HealthFargoNDUSA

Background:Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-based monitoring systems can detect the amount of organic matter that remains on hospital surfaces after *** evaluated an ATP-based monitoring system in assessing con-tamination of high touched objects in rooms occupied by patients on methicillin resistant *** ***:We compared the ATP to standard aerobic cultures as well as to gloved hand culture to predict risk of healthcare-worker hand ***:More than a third of high touch object surfaces were measured unclean with ATP yet only reflects about 5%chance of contaminating healthcare-workers’***:Our study emphasizes the shortcomings of using the ATP system even in pathogen specific environ-ment such as surfaces in methicillin resistant *** rooms.

关键词： Environment Healthcare-associated infections Hand hygiene Infection prevention Infection control MRS