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Systematic Study of nanocrystalline Plasma Electrolytic nitrocarburising of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel for Corrosion Protection

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2007年第5期23卷 665-671页

作者： M.Aliofkhazraei P.Taheri A.Sabour Rouhaghdam ch.Dehghanian Materials Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Materials Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTehran UniversityTehranIran

A number of studies have been reported on the use of nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising tech.ology for surface hardening of stainless steels for higher corrosion resistance resulted from this tech.ique. However, very few studies have focused on the optimization of the nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising process parameters. In this study, a design of experiment （DOE） tech.ique, the Taguch. method, has been used to optimize the nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising not only for surface hardening but also for the corrosion protection of 316L austenitic stainless steel by controlling the coating processes factors. The experimental design consisted of four factors （Urea concentration, electrical conductivity of electrolyte, voltage and duration of process）, each.containing three levels. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements were carried out to determine the corrosion resistance of the coated samples. The results were analyzed with related software. An analysis of the mean of signal-to-noise （S/n） ratio indicated that the corrosion resistance of nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburised 316L stainless steel was influenced significantly by the levels in the Taguch. orthogonal array. The optimized coating parameters for corrosion resistance are 1150 g/L for urea concentration, 360 mS/cm for electrical conductivity of electrolyte, 260 V for applied voltage, 6 min for treatment time. The percentage of contribution for each.factor was determined by the analysis of variance （AnOVA）. The results showed that the applied voltage is the most significant factor affecting the corrosion resistance of the coatings.

关键词： nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising 316L austenitic stainlesssteel Corrosion resistance Potentiodynamic polarization Analysis of variance

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Exploring COVID-19 from the perspectives of healthcare personnel in Malawi

Health Care Science

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Health Care Science 2023年第4期2卷 242-254页

作者： ch.k Odenigbo Eric Crighton Department of Geography Environment and Geomatics at the University of Ottawa60 UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada

Background:The Coronavirus 2019 disease(COVID-19)brought many healthcare systems around the world to the point of collapse all the while putting the lives of healthcare workers at *** study forgoes an institutional look at healthcare to center individual healthcare personnel in Malawi to better understand(1)how the worldviews of healthcare workers impact their work in the context of COVID-19,(2)how COVID-19 impacted healthcare workers,and(3)the unique conditions faced by being a healthcare worker in a low-income ***:This research.uses a hermeneutic phenomenological approach.to qualitative methodology involving in-depth interviews(n=15)with health-care workers,traditional healers,and hospital *** data collected were inductively coded and analyzed using the framework method,producing rich.descriptions on how COVID-19 impacted the lifeworlds of healthcare workers in ***:The findings reveal many of the struggles healthcare workers faced due to misaligned government policy and perceived proximity to COVID-19;outline their needs such.as wanting better resources,funds,wages,and public health communication;and,exemplify the significant role that personal biases,worldviews,and sense of fear played in how healthcare workers perceived and interacted with ***:Much.of what was said ech.es beyond borders,reflecting common global sentiments felt by healthcare personnel,and offers directions to explore building policies,strategies,and plans in preparation for any future disease outbreaks.

关键词： COVID-19 pandemic healthcare workers fear Malawi discrimination violence

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Commuting Outer Inverses

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Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory 2013年第4期3卷 69-72页

作者： Muneo ch. Gabriel Kantún-Montiel Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Kanagawa University Kanagawa Japan Department of Research.and Graduate Studies Linda Vista University Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán Mexico

The group, Drazin and Koliha-Drazin inverses are particular classes of commuting outer inverses. In this note, we use the inverse along an element to study some spectral conditions related to these inverses in the cas... 详细信息

关键词： Generalized Inverse Koliha-Drazin Inverse Outer Inverse

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Dealing with Imbalanced Dataset Leveraging Boundary Samples Discovered by Support Vector Data Description

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2691-2708页

作者： Zhengbo Luo Hamïd Parvïn Harish Garg Sultan noman Qasem kim-Hung Pho Zulkefli Mansor Graduate Sch.ol of Information Production and SystemsWaseda UniversityTokyoJapan Institute of Research.and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Tech.ology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Department of Computer Science Nourabad Mamasani BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMamasaniIran Sch.ol of Mathematics Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyDeemed UniversityPatialaPunjab147004India Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information SciencesAl Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Applied ScienceTaiz UniversityTaizYemen Fractional Calculus Optimization and Algebra Research GroupFaculty of Mathematics and StatisticsTon Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Fakulti Teknologi dan Sains Maklumat Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia

These days,imbalanced datasets,denoted throughout the paper by ID,(a dataset that contains some(usually two)classes where one contains considerably smaller number of samples than the other(s))emerge in many real world problems(like health care systems or disease diagnosis systems,anomaly detection,fraud detection,stream based malware detection systems,and so on)and these datasets cause some problems(like under-training of minority class(es)and over-training of majority class(es),bias towards majority class(es),and so on)in classification process and ***,these datasets take the focus of many research.rs in any science and there are several solutions for dealing with this *** main aim of this study for dealing with IDs is to resample the borderline samples discovered by Support Vector Data Description(SVDD).There are naturally two kinds of resampling:Under-sampling(U-S)and oversampling(O-S).The O-S may cause the occurrence of over-fitting(the occurrence of over-fitting is its main drawback).The U-S can cause the occurrence of significant information loss(the occurrence of significant information loss is its main drawback).In this study,to avoid the drawbacks of the sampling tech.iques,we focus on the samples that may be *** data points that can be misclassified are considered to be the borderline data points which.are on border(s)between the majority class(es)and minority class(es).First by SVDD,we find the borderline examples;then,the data resampling is applied over *** the next step,the base classifier is trained on the newly created ***,we compare the result of our method in terms of Area Under Curve(AUC)and F-measure and G-mean with the other state-of-the-art *** show that our method has betterresults than the other state-of-the-art methods on our experimental study.

关键词： Imbalanced learning classification borderline examples

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Trapping the Short-ch.in Odd Carbon number Olefins Using nickel(Ⅱ)-Catalyzed Tandem Ethylene Oligomerization and Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Toluene

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ch.nese Journal of ch.mistry 2023年第21期41卷 2855-2865页

作者： Sergey V.Zubkevich.Vladislav A.Tuskaev Svetlana ch.Gagieva Alexander A.Pavlov Victor n.Khrustalev Fei Wang Li Pan Yuesheng Li Daniele Sarach.no Anton A.Vikhrov Dmitry n.Zarubin Boris M.Bulych.v Department of ch.mistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory 1Moscow119991 Russian Federation Materials Research.and Tech.ology Department Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology5Avenue des Hauts-FourneauxL-4362 Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg A n nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesVavilova st.28Moscow119991 Russian Federation BMSTU Center of national Tech.ological Initiative“Digital Material Science:new Material and Substances” Bauman MoscowState Technical University2nd Baumanskaya st.5MoscowRussian Federation Peoples’Friendship University of Russia(RUDn University) Miklukho-Maklay St.6Moscow117198 Russian Federation Zelinsky Institute of Organic ch.mistry Russian Academy of SciencesLeninsky Prospekt 47Moscow119991 Russian Federation Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350 China

nickel(Ⅱ)complexes with pyrazole-based ligands are widely employed in catalysis of ethylene oligomerization and subsequent Friedel-Crafts alkylation of *** have prepared ten new nickel(Ⅱ)dibromide complexes with various substituted bis(azolyl)*** have been ch.racterized using^(1)H nMR,IR,high resolution mass spectrometry and elemental *** structures of three complexes have been unambiguously established using X-ray *** was found that these complexes in the presence of Et2AlCl or Et_(3)Al_(2)Cl_(3)are active both in ethylene oligomerization and Friedel-Crafts alkylation processes(activity up to 3720 kgoligomer·mol[ni]^(−1)·h^(−1)).The use of Et_(3)Al_(2)Cl_(3)results in a higher share of alkylated products(up to 60%).Moreover,catalytic systems activated with Et_(3)Al_(2)Cl_(3)produced small amounts of odd carbon number olefins(up to 0.8%).The Friedel-Crafts alkylation was used as a trap for previously undetected short-ch.in odd carbon number olefins(C_(3)and C_(5)).

关键词： Ethylene oligomerization Friedel-Crafts alkylation nickel(Ⅱ)complexes n-ligands Odd carbon number olefins

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Optimal Reordering Trace Files for Improving Software Testing Suitcase

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 1225-1239页

作者： Yingfu Cai Sultan noman Qasem Harish Garg Hamïd Parvïn kim-Hung Pho Zulkefli Mansor Sch.ol of Measurement and Communication Harbin University of Science&TechnologyHarbinChina Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information SciencesAl Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Applied ScienceTaiz UniversityTaizYemen Sch.ol of Mathematics Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyDeemed UniversityPatiala147004India Institute of Research.and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Tech.ology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Department of Computer Science Nourabad Mamasani BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMamasaniIran Fractional Calculus Optimization and Algebra Research GroupFaculty of Mathematics and StatisticsTon Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Fakulti Teknologi dan Sains Maklumat Universiti Kebangsan MalaysiaUKM BangiSelangor43600Malaysia

An invariant can be described as an essential relationship between program *** invariants are very useful in software ch.cking and *** tools that are used to detect invariants are invariant *** are two types of invariant detectors:dynamic invariant detectors and static invariant *** software is an available computer program that implements a special case of a dynamic invariant detection *** proposes a dynamic invariant detection algorithm based on several runs of the tested program;then,it gathers the values of its variables,and finally,it detects relationships between the variables based on a simple statistical *** method has some *** of its biggest drawbacks is its overwhelming time *** is observed that the runtime for the Daikon invariant detection tool is dependent on the ordering of traces in the trace file.A mech.nism is proposed in order to reduce differences in adjacent trace *** is done by applying some special tech.iques of mutation/crossover in genetic algorithm(GA).An experiment is run to assess the benefits of this *** findings reveal that the runtime of the proposed dynamic invariant detection algorithm is superior to the main approach.with respect to these improvements.

关键词： Dynamic invariant detection software testing genetic algorithm

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MoO_(x) and V_(2)O_(x) as hole and electron transport layers through functionalized intercalation in normal and inverted organic optoelectronic devices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 415-421页

作者： Xinch.n Li Fengxian Xie Shaoqing Zhang Jianhui Hou Wallace ch.ch.y Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina Institute of ch.mistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

To ach.eve fabrication and cost competitiveness in organic optoelectronic devices that include organic solar cells(OSCs)and organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),it is desirable to have one type of material that can simultaneously function as both the electron and hole transport layers(ETLs and HTLs)of the organic devices in all device arch.tectures(i.e.,normal and inverted arch.tectures).We address this issue by proposing and demonstrating Cs-intercalated metal oxides(with various Cs mole ratios)as both the ETL and HTL of an organic optoelectronic device with normal and inverted device *** results demonstrate that the new approach.works well for widely used transition metal oxides of molybdenum oxide(MoOx)and vanadium oxide(V_(2)O_(x)).Moreover,the Cs-intercalated metaloxide-based ETL and HTL can be easily formed under the conditions of a room temperature,water-free and solution-based *** conditions favor practical applications of OSCs and ***,with the analyses of the Kelvin Probe System,our approach.of Cs-intercalated metal oxides with a wide mole ratio range of transition metals(Mo or V)/Cs from 1:0 to 1:0.75 can offer significant and continuous work function tuning as large as 1.31 eV for functioning as both an ETL and ***,our method of intercalated metal oxides can contribute to the emerging large-scale and low-cost organic optoelectronic devices.

关键词： metal oxides carrier transport layers normal and inverted device arch.tectures organic light-emitting diodes organic solar cells room-temperature solution process

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STRUGGLE BETWEEn COnFUCIAn AnD LEGALIST Sch.OLS AnD SCIEnTIFIC AnD TEch.OLOGICAL DEVELOPMEnT In AnCIEnT ch.nA

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Science in ch.na,Ser.A 1974年第6期 709-716页

作者：李群

For more than two thousand years, the struggle between the line of the Confucian Sch.ol and that of the Legalist Sch.ol has had a profound influence upon all spheres of ch.na’s social life and upon the development of... 详细信息

关键词： STRUGGLE BETWEEn COnFUCIAn AnD LEGALIST Sch.OLS AnD SCIEnTIFIC AnD TEch.OLOGICAL DEVELOPMEnT In AnCIEnT ch.nA line

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Sandwich.type ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene nanocomposites derived from ionic liquid

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nano Research 2016年第9期9卷 2696-2706页

作者： Ho Seok kim Young Hwan kim Kwang ch.l Roh Kwang-Bum kim Lab of Energy Storage Materials Department of Material Science & EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeou1120749Republic of Korea Energy & Environmental Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & TechnologyJinju 52851Republic of Korea

Sandwich.type ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using 2D ordered mesoporous silica/graphene nanocomposites as the hard template and an ionic liquid as a n-rich.carbon source. We used an ionic liquid of 1-(3-cyanopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide containing nitrile groups (–Cn) in the cation and anion as a carbon precursor for the preparation of the nanocomposites. nitriles do not decompose under thermal treatment in an inert gas atmosphere, but leave significant amounts of n-rich.carbon materials. The nanocomposites had a large surface area (1,316 m2·g–1), an average pore diameter of 5.9 nm, and high electrical conductivity. The nanocomposite electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 190 F·g–1at 0.5 A·g–1in 1 M TEABF4/An electrolyte and a good rate capability between 0 and 2.7 V for supercapacitor (or ultracapacitor) applications. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2016, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： ionic liquid-derived carbon ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene nanocomposite 2D graphene nanocomposite supercapacitor

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Endoscopic and Endosonographic Diagnostic

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The ch.nese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology 2004年第4期3卷 213-214页

作者： A. H. Hlsch.r H. Sch.fer ch. Gutsch.w J. Leers Department for Visceral- and Vascular Surgery University of CologneDepartment for Visceral- and Vascular Surgery University of CologneDepartment for Visceral- and Vascular Surgery University of CologneDepartment for Visceral- and Vascular Surgery University of Cologne Cologne GermanyCologne GermanyCologne GermanyCologne Germany

Endoscopy together with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) are the most important diagnos- tics for esophageal cancer and staging of the primary. The results have important clinical consequences concerning type of resection or multimodal approach. Further re?nements of endoscopy will increase its signi?cance especially for early cancer. EUS has an accuracy of 80% for the primary compared to 60% for the n-staging. Therefore EUS represents the gold standard for T-staging but it is of little value for detection of lymph node metastasis.

关键词： esophageal cancer endoscopy ch.omoendoscopy endoscopic ultrasonography

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