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风景园林 2017年第3期24卷 115-122页

作者：李明翰奈徳.克伦肖布莱德.戴维斯金姆.道格拉斯罗伯特.休伊特克里斯多佛.普理查德杨阳美国德州农工大学建筑学院风景园林与城市规划系美国肯塔基大学风景园林系美国佐治亚大学环境与设计学院美国费城大学美国克莱姆斯大学规划与风景园林系美国风景园林认证委员会华南理工大学建筑学院亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室

本文概述了5个美国风景园林学位从5年改革为4年在专业课程安排、大学核心通识课程要求、实习要求等方面的情况。这场教育改革工作的最主要的原因多数来自大学内部教务行政单位的要求。该要求源于大学所在州的命令,都要求一个本科学位必... 详细信息

本文概述了5个美国风景园林学位从5年改革为4年在专业课程安排、大学核心通识课程要求、实习要求等方面的情况。这场教育改革工作的最主要的原因多数来自大学内部教务行政单位的要求。该要求源于大学所在州的命令,都要求一个本科学位必须在4年内完成120个学分。其次,这场变革还要归根于2008—2009年的全球金融风暴,其触发了对高等教育在责任和效率方面提出更高的要求。虽然有些大学可以为继续实施五年制本科课程寻求免责,但是目前的五年制学位自身也正面临着很大的挑战,尤其在招生方面。文章内容还包含了美国风景园林学科认证委员会关于该教改的一些观点。最后,笔者们就风景园林本科学位应该在多长时间内完成提出观点。

关键词：风景园林风景园林教育学制学科认证风景园林本科学位

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International guideline on natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOs.s.for colorectal cancer(2023 version)

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Holistic Integrative Oncology 2023年第1期2卷 93-100页

作者： Zheng Liu Xu Guan Mingguang Zhang Xiyue Hu Ming Yang Junge Bai Jun Li shaojun Yu Kefeng Ding Qingsi He Liang Kang Dan Ma Chuangang Fu Junhong Hu Ye Wei Donghui sun Gang Yu songbing He Changyou Wang Yanwei Gao Guiyu Wang Hongliang Yao Jian Peng Yangchun Zheng Bo Jiang Taiyuan Li Zhiguo Xiong Xuejun sun Zhenning Wang William Meng William Tzu-Liang Chen Ming-Yin shen John H.Marks Charles A.Ternent Darcy Dshaw Jim sKhan Petr Tsarkov Inna Tulina sergey Efetov Joaquim Manuel da Costa Pereira Fernanda Nogueira Ricardo Escalante Joel Leroy Avanish saklani Audrius Dulskas Cuneyt Kayaalp Ats.s.i Nishimura Kay Uehara Woo-Yong Lee sang-Hoo kim suk-Hwan Lee Xishan Wang Committee of Colorectal Cancer society Chinese Anti-Cancer Association International NOs.s.Alliance Department of Colorectal surgery National Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Colorectal surgery The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of General surgery Shandong University Qilu HospitalJinanShandongChina Department of Colorectal surgery The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of General surgery Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Gastrointestinal surgery Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Anorectal surgery First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina Department of General surgery Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Gastric and Colorectal surgery Jilin University First HospitalChangchunChina Department of General surgery Qilu Hospital(Qingdao)Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina Department of General surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina Affiliated Hospital of North China University of science and Technology TangshanHebeiChina Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital HuhhotInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina Department of Colorectal Cancer surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina Department of General surgery The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Department of General surgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Gastrointestinal surgery Sichuan Cancer HospitalChengduChina Department of Colorectal and Anal surgery Shanxi Cancer HospitalTaiyuanShanxiChina Department of General surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina Department of Gastrointestinal surgery Hubei Provincial Cancer Hosp

Purpose In recent years,natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOs.s.has gained widespread attention as an alternative *** the safety and feasibility of NOs.s.have been well documented,many questions remain open for *** aim of this guideline is to provide more evidence for the promotion of *** This guideline has been prepared by the CACA Committee of Colorectal Cancer society and the International NOs.s.Alliance,based on the latest *** The guideline on NOs.s.for colorectal cancer include the definition,classification,technology requirement,indications,technical difficulties and clinical *** The guideline provides a full introduction of the theoretical and technical aspects of NOs.s.for colorectal cancer which will beneficial to development of NOs.s.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Guideline Treatment surgery Holistic integrative medicine Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery

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Nat Genet:单基因突变导致过敏性皮炎的发生

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第27期17卷 I0004-I0004页

作者： Chi A Ma, Yuan Zhang, Michael A Weinreich, Jonathan J Lyons, Celeste G Nelson, Thomas DiMaggio, Kelly D stone, Joshua D Milner Jeffrey R stinson, Elisa Ruffo, Batsukh Dorjbal, swadhinya Arjunaraja, Kelsey Voss, Andrew L snow Jordan K Abbott, Pia J Hauk, Paul R Reynolds, Erwin W Gelfand Elisa Ruffo salomé Glauzy, Natsuko Yamakawa, Eric Meffre Jennifer stoddard, Julie Niemela, sergio D Rosenzweig Yu Zhang, Helen F Matthews Joshua J McElwee Nina Jones Alejandro Palma, Matías Oleastro, Emma Prieto, Andrea R Bernasconi, Geronimo Dubra, silvia Danielian, Jonathan Zaiat, Marcelo A Marti Brian kim Megan A Cooper Neil Romberg Laboratory of Allergic Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda Maryland USA Immunodeficiency Diagnos.s.and Treatment Program Department of Pediatrics National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA Department of Translational Medicine University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy Department of Immunobiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA Immunology service Department of Laboratory Medicine NIH Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA Human Immunological Disease section National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA Merck Research Laboratories Merck and Co. Inc. Boston Massachusetts USA Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. NCI Campus at Frederick Frederick Maryland USA servicio de Immunología y Reumatología Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan Buenos Aires Argentina Division of Dermatology Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Rheumatology and Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri USA Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA.

最近，研究者们鉴定出了一类导致神经性皮炎发生的关键基因突变：CARDll。来自美国NIH过敏与传染病研究所的研究者们通过对四个没有血缘关系的患病家庭进行分析，发现了这一导致疾病产生的基因、

关键词：过敏性皮炎基因突变 Nat 神经性皮炎血缘关系研究所传染病 NIH

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小胶质细胞控制成年小鼠海马中的谷氨酸能突触

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神经损伤与功能重建 2021年第10期16卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Bernadette Basilico Laura Ferrucci Patrizia Ratano Maria T Golia Alfonso Grimaldi Maria Rosito Valentina Ferretti Ingrid Reverte Caterina sanchini Maria C Marrone Maria Giubettini Valeria De Turris Debora salerno stefano Garofalo Marie-kim st-Pierre Micael Carrier Massimiliano Renzi Francesca Pagani Brijesh Modi Marcello Raspa Ferdinando scavizzi Cornelius T Gross.s.lvia Marinelli Marie-Ève Tremblay Daniele Caprioli Laura Maggi Cristina Limatola silvia Di Angelantonio Davide Ragozzino Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly. Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology Inflammaging Unit IRCCS NeuromedMediterranean Neurological InstitutePozzilliISItaly. Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-science Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaRomeItaly. Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly. santa Lucia Foundation(IRCCs Fondazione santa Lucia) RomeItaly. European Brain Research Institute(EBRI)‘Rita Levi-Montalcini’ RomeItaly. CrestOptics.s.p.A RomeItaly. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Axe Neurosciences QuébecQuebec CityCanada. Département de Médecine Moléculaire UniversitéLaval QuébecQuebec CityCanada.1 National Research Council Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC)International Campus“A.Buzzati-Traverso”Monterotondo(Rome)Italy.1 Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL)MonterotondoItaly.1 Division of Medical sciences University of VictoriaVictoriaCanada.1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza UniversityLaboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur ItaliaRomeItaly.

小胶质细胞是调节大脑突触发育和可塑性的重要细胞类型,但其影响突触的正常功能的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们通过PLX5622造成小胶质细胞耗竭,并观察其对成年野生型小鼠海马CA3-CA1突触的影响。在小胶质细胞耗竭后,与树突棘密度降低... 详细信息

小胶质细胞是调节大脑突触发育和可塑性的重要细胞类型,但其影响突触的正常功能的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们通过PLX5622造成小胶质细胞耗竭,并观察其对成年野生型小鼠海马CA3-CA1突触的影响。在小胶质细胞耗竭后,与树突棘密度降低相关的自发和诱发谷氨酸能活动的减少,出现未成熟突触特征以及突触的可塑性提高。小胶质细胞耗竭的小鼠在新物体识别任务的获取方面表现出缺陷。海马星形胶质细胞出现增生,但并没有神经炎症反应。在Cx3cr1-/-小鼠中,PLX不能导致海马出现上述改变。这说明CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴在小胶质细胞对突触功能的控制中有重要作用。PLX5622停用后,小胶质细胞的重新增殖,海马突触恢复,小鼠的学习功能也出现恢复。综上所述,小胶质细胞对维持成人大脑的突触的正常功能用重要的作用,去除小胶质细胞会导致谷氨酸能突触组织和活动的可逆变化。

关键词：谷氨酸能传递海马体学习小胶质细胞神经元-小胶质细胞相互作用突触

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