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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第2期 56-56页

作者： McCullagh E. Brigstocke G. donaldson N. Kalra L. 张殿增 Department of Medicine Guy's King's and St. Thomas's School of Medicine Denmark Hill Campus Bessemer Rd London SE5 9PJ United Kingdom.Dr

Background and Purpose-A large proportion of disabled stroke survivors live at home and are supported by informal caregivers. Identification of determinants of caregiver burden will help to target caregiver interventions. Methods -Data on patient, caregiver, and health and social support characteristics were collected prospectively over 1 year in 232 stroke survivors in a randomized trial of caregiver training. The contribution of these variables to caregiver burden score (CBS) and quality of life (QOL) measures at 3 months and 1 year was analyzed using regression models. Results -Stroke patients had a mean age of 74±11 years, and 120 (52%) were men. The mean age of caregivers was 65.7±12.5 years, 149 (64%) were females, and 116 (50%) had received caregiver training. The mean CBS was 48±13 and 38±11 (score range of bad to good 88 to 22) and QOL score was 75±16 and 75±15 (score range of bad to good O to 100) at 3 months and 1 year, respectively. CBS and QOL correlated with each other and with patient (age, dependency, and mood), caregiver (age, gender, mood, and training), and support (soci al services and family networks) variables. Of these, only patient and caregiver emotional status, caregiver age and gender, and participation in caregiver trai ning were independent predictors of either outcome at 3 months. Patient dependen cy and family support were additional independent predictors at 1 year. Social s ervices support predicted institutionalization but not caregiver outcomes. Concl usion -Advancing age and anxiety in patients and caregivers, high dependency, a nd poor family support identify caregivers at risk of adverse outcomes, which ma y be reduced by caregiver training.

关键词：看护者 CBS 决定因素预测因素 QOL

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白细胞介素-1受体-1基因的功能多态性与幽门螺杆菌的感染率增高有关,与胃癌无关

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 9-9页

作者： Hartland S. Newton J.L. Griffin S.M. donaldson P.T. 郝筱倩

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 has been implicated in host suscep tibility to Helicobacter pylori -associated disease. Recent studies suggest tha t this susceptibility may be under genetic control. It remains to be determined whether the relationship between IL-1 gene polymorphism and gastrointestinal di sease in patients with H. pylori infection is due to the role of IL-1 in determ ining susceptibility to H. pylori infection per se or to the development of dist inct pathological lesions. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigat e the relationship between selected polymorphisms in three of the major IL-1 ge ne family members, seeking associations with H. pylori infection and/or gastric cancer. A total of 559 individuals were studied: 191 patients attending for gast roscopy, 98 with current or previous H. pylori, an additional 79 patients with g astric cancer, and 289 healthy controls. The major novel finding of the study wa s a marked difference in the genotype frequencies for the IL1R1 HinfI SNP in tho se with current or previous evidence of H. pylori compared to those without. (GG , 53 vs 75%; GA, 40 vs 19%; AA, 7 vs 6%; P = 0.0079). The association indicat es an increased risk of H. pylori infection or persistence in those with the IL1 R1 Hinf1 A allele (0.27 vs 0.156; P = 0.009; OR = 2.01). Our results suggest tha t the relationship among IL-1 gene polymorphism, H. pylori, and disease is more complex than initially proposed. More detailed studies of the IL-1 gene cluste r are needed.

关键词：白细胞介素多态性病理损伤胃镜检查促炎因子染易胃肠疾病感染期遗传控制胃肠病

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受控的空气污染物暴露与心律失常风险

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环境与职业医学 2014年第10期31卷 787-787页

作者： Jeremy P.Langrish Simon J.Watts Amanda J.Hunter Anoop S.V.Shah Jenny A.Bosson Jon Unosson Stefan Barath Magnus Lundbck Flemming R.Cassee Ken donaldson Thomas Sandstrm Anders Blomberg David E.Newby Nicholas L.Mills

[背景]流行病学研究报道了空气污染暴露与心血管疾病发病率和死亡率增加之间的关联。空气污染物暴露可以影响心脏自主神经节律并降低心率变异性,可能增加心律失常的风险,特别是在敏感的患者群体中。[目的]研究在可控制的空气污染物暴露... 详细信息

[背景]流行病学研究报道了空气污染暴露与心血管疾病发病率和死亡率增加之间的关联。空气污染物暴露可以影响心脏自主神经节律并降低心率变异性,可能增加心律失常的风险,特别是在敏感的患者群体中。[目的]研究在可控制的空气污染物暴露期间和之后,统计分析了健康志愿者和冠状动脉心脏疾病患者的心律失常发生率。[方法]分析数据来自13个随机双盲交叉研究,包括282名参加者(140名健康志愿者和142例稳定性冠状动脉心脏疾病患者)的连续心电图记录。记录研究人群每次暴露时发生心律失常的情况。[结果]在稀释的柴油车尾气、木材烟雾、臭氧、浓缩的环境颗粒物、工程碳纳米颗粒或空气污染高环境水平的暴露期间或者之后,无论在健康志愿者或冠状动脉心脏疾病患者中,任何形式心律失常的发生均没有增加。[结论]急性、可控制的空气污染物暴露不增加受试者发生心律失常的短期风险。研究中所采用的这些技术,对于确定涉及空气污染不利影响的重要病理生理途径依然至关重要,并且在为环境和公共卫生政策决策提供信息中也起着重要的作用。

关键词：空气污染物心律失常短期风险健康志愿者患者群体摘要心脏自主神经心脏疾病

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