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Association of risky driving behavior with psychiatric disorders among Iranian drivers:A case-control study

中华创伤杂志:英文版 2023年第5期26卷 290-296页

作者： ki.na khatami.yaser sari.hani.reza ferei.ooni.mohammad salehi.marzi.arani.maryam akabri.lei.a khabi. Arash Mani Mahsa Yaghikosh Afsaneh Haghdel Seyed Taghi Heydari Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Health Policy Research Center Institute of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Research Center for Social Determinants of Health Jahrom University of Medical SciencesJahromIran Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Psychology Shiraz BranchIslamic Azad UniversityShirazIran

Purpose:This study aimed to investigate the possible association between psychological disorders and riskydriving behavior(RDB)in ***:This case-control study conducted in Shiraz,Iran in *** case group included drivers with psychological disorders and the control group included those without any *** inclusion criteria for selecting patients were:active driving at the time of the study,being 18-65 years old,having a driving license,having a psychological disorder including depression,bipolar disorder,anxiety spectrum disorder,or psychotic disorder spectrum confirmed by a psychiatrist,and completing an informed consent *** exclusion criterion was the existence of conditions that interfered with answering and understanding the *** inclusion criteria for selecting the healthy cases were:active driving at the time of the study,being 18-65 years old,having a driving license,lack of any past or present history of psychiatric problems,and completing an informed consent *** data were gathered using a researcher-made checklist and Manchester driving behavior ***,partition around medoids method was used to extract clusters of ***,backward logistic regression was applied to investigate the association between the independent variables and the clusters of ***:The sample comprised of 344(153 with psychological disorder and 191 without confirmed psychological disorder)*** elimination logistic regression on total data revealed that share of medical expenditure≤10%of total household expenditure(OR=3.27,95%Cl:1.48-7.24),psychological disorder(OR=3.08,95%Cl:1.67-5.70),and substance abuse class(OR=6.38,95%CI:3.55-11.48)wereassociatedwithhighlevelof ***:Substance abuse,psychological illnesses,and share of medical costs from total household expenditure were found to be main predictors of *** investigations are necessary to explain the impact of different psychological illnesses on driv

关键词： Risky driving behavior Psychological disorder Manchesterdriving behaviorquestionnaire Iran

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Long-term impact of municipal sewage irrigation on treated soil and black locust trees in a semi-arid suburban area of Iran

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1438-1445页

作者： Masoud Tabari Azadeh salehi Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences Tarbiat Modares University

The effects of municipal sewage irrigation on the soil and black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia L.） tree were studied. For this purpose, two artificial black locust stands under irrigation of municipal sewage and well water were selected in south of Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using technique of systematic random sampling with 4 replicates in each stand. It was found that the growth of black locust tree, as indicated by diameter at breast height, total height, crown length, average crown diameter, basal area and volume, in sewage irrigation stand was much higher than that of well water irrigation stand （P 〈 0.01）. Plant analysis indicated that concentrations of leaf nutrients （N, E K, Ca, Mg, na, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn） were greater in sewage-irrigated trees, without toxicity to the minerals of tree leaf, than those of well waterirrigated trees, and positively correlated with their respective value in soil. Ni, Cr and Pb were not detected in leaf samples. Application of sewage resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in the concentrations of soil nutrients, Ni, Cr and Pb. Among these minerals only Pb and Ni in some soil samples exceeded the toxicity limit. The increase in pH, electrical conductivity （EC） and organic carbon of soil was also observed in sewage irrigation. Results confirm that besides the use as irrigation water, municipal sewages are also a potential source of plant nutrients. However, significant accumulation of heavy metals such as Pb and Ni in soil needs to be monitored.

关键词： afforestation irrigation municipal sewage black locust nutrient heavy metal

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