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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 501-530页

作者： khuram ali khan Saba Mubeen Ishfaq Atiqe Ur Rahman Salwa El-Morsy Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia

Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be *** concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such *** study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and *** results related to these operations are also modified for ***,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and ***,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested *** algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical ***,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison.

关键词： Hypersoft set Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set computational complexity multi-attribute decision-making optimization similarity measures uncertainty

Neural Machine Translation Models with Attention-Based Dropout Layer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 2981-3009页

作者： Huma Israr Safdar Abbas khan Muhammad ali Tahir Muhammad khuram Shahzad Muneer Ahmad Jasni Mohamad Zain School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(SEECS) National University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Institute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence(IBDAAI) Kompleks Al-KhawarizmiUniversiti Teknologi MARA40450Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia

In bilingual translation,attention-based Neural Machine Translation(NMT)models are used to achieve synchrony between input and output sequences and the notion of *** model has obtained state-of-the-art performance for several language ***,there has been little work exploring useful architectures for Urdu-to-English machine *** conducted extensive Urdu-to-English translation experiments using Long short-term memory(LSTM)/Bidirectional recurrent neural networks(Bi-RNN)/Statistical recurrent unit(SRU)/Gated recurrent unit(GRU)/Convolutional neural network(CNN)and *** results show that Bi-RNN and LSTM with attention mechanism trained iteratively,with a scalable data set,make precise predictions on unseen *** trained models yielded competitive results by achieving 62.6%and 61%accuracy and 49.67 and 47.14 BLEU scores,*** a qualitative perspective,the translation of the test sets was examined manually,and it was observed that trained models tend to produce repetitive output more *** attention score produced by Bi-RNN and LSTM produced clear alignment,while GRU showed incorrect translation for words,poor alignment and lack of a clear ***,we considered refining the attention-based models by defining an additional attention-based dropout *** dropout fixes alignment errors and minimizes translation errors at the word *** empirical demonstration and comparison with their counterparts,we found improvement in the quality of the resulting translation system and a decrease in the perplexity and over-translation *** ability of the proposed model was evaluated using Arabic-English and Persian-English datasets as *** empirically concluded that adding an attention-based dropout layer helps improve GRU,SRU,and Transformer translation and is considerably more efficient in translation quality and speed.

关键词： Natural language processing neural machine translation word embedding attention perplexity selective dropout regularization Urdu Persian Arabic BLEU

Drug Response Prediction of Liver Cancer Cell Line Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2743-2760页

作者： Mehdi Hassan Safdar ali Muhammad Sanaullah khuram Shahzad Sadaf Mushtaq Rashda Abbasi Zulqurnain ali Hani Alquhayz Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Directorate General National Repository Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Physics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Cancer is the second deadliest human disease worldwide with high mortality *** and treatment of this disease requires precise and automatic assessment of effective drug response and control *** of treated and untreated cancerous cell line is one of the most challenging problems for precise and targeted drug delivery and response.A novel approach is proposed for prediction of drug treated and untreated cancer cell line automatically by employing modified Deep neural *** hepatocellular carcinoma(HepG2)cells are exposed to anticancer drug functionalized CFO@BTO nanoparticles developed by our *** models are developed by modifying ResNet101 and exploiting the transfer learning *** three layers of ResNet101 are re-trained for the identification of drug treated cancer *** learning approach in an appropriate choice especially when there is limited amount of annotated *** proposed technique is validated on acquired 203 fluorescentmicroscopy images of human HepG2 cells treated with drug functionalized cobalt ferrite@barium titanate(CFO@BTO)magnetoelectric nanoparticles in *** developed approach achieved high prediction with accuracy of 97.5%and sensitivity of 100%and outperformed other *** high performance reveals the effectiveness of the *** is scalable and fully automatic prediction approach which can be extended for other similar cell diseases such as lung,brain tumor and breast cancer.

关键词： Drug delivery in vitro transfer learning microscopic images deep learning

(Sm/Eu/Tm)^(3+) doped tantalum semiconductor system for photovoltaic and electrochemical functionality amplification

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1586-1594,I0007页

作者： Shaan Bibi Jaffri khuram Shahzad Ahmad Isaac Abrahams Ibrahim A.A Materials and Environmental Chemistry Lab Lab-E21Department of Environmental SciencesFatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindiPakistan School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

This work reports the synthesis,characterization,and energy focused applications of the novel lanthanides co-doped tantalum pentoxide hetero-system(Sm^(3+)-Eu^(3+)-Tm^(3+):Ta_(2)O_(5)).Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) express excellent opto-electronic features reflected by the narrow band gap energy of 3.87 *** vibrations confirm the presence of Ta-O-Ta and Ta-O *** synthesized system possesses orthorhombic geometry with 59.46 nm particle *** the smoother and compact morphology,the synthesized material succeeds in augmenting the performance of different systems aimed at energy *** ambient perovskite solar cell device fabricated with the Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) as an electron transport layer excels in achieving an efficiency and fill factor of 14.17% and 76% under artificial *** device was marked by the negligible hysteresis behavior showing profound photovoltaic *** electrochemical activity of the Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) decorated electrode was evaluated for electrical charge storage potential with pseudocapacitive behavior,With the highest specific capacitance of 355.39 F/g and quicker ionic diffusion rate,the designed electrode excels conventionally used ***-catalysis of water with Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) material indicates its capacity for H_(2) production with the lowest overpotential and Tafel slope values of 148 and 121.2 mV/dec,while the O_(2) generation is comparatively *** the stable electrochemical output,this rare earth modified material has the potential to replace conventionally used environmentally perilous and costly materials.

关键词： Lanthanide doping Rare earth materials Perovskite solar cells Supercapacitors Water splitting

Experimental Study on Surface Crack Repair of Aluminum Alloy Based on Shot Peening

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Experimental Study on Surface Crack Repair of Aluminum Alloy...

作者： Shahzad khuram 中南林业科技大学

学位级别：硕士

High-strength aluminum alloy has the advantages of high specific strength,good wear resistance,strong corrosion resistance etc and its thin-walled structural parts are widely used in *** use environment will inevitably form defects such as cracks on the surface of the *** these defects can be repaired in the expansion stage,it will have a positive effect on prolonging its service *** this paper,the finite element analysis is used to analyze the repair and closure process of material subsurface cracks under the action of shot peening and the basic parameters of crack repair and the limit repair depth are obtained then the experimental process of crack repair is designed from both macro and micro *** repair effect is evaluated on the fatigue strength of crack repair and the mechanism and plastic deformation mechanism of repairing subsurface cracks of aluminum alloy materials by shot blasting are *** specific work is as follows:*** FEM for simulation analysis of surface cracks in aluminum *** ANSYS finite element model to carry out numerical simulation of surface crack repair of aluminum alloy *** the simulation analysis In order to explore the possibility of surface crack repair of aluminum alloy materials by shot peening the numerical simulation of surface crack repair of aluminum alloy materials was carried out using the ANSYS finite element *** the simulation results,the morphology and residual compressive stress of the surface cracks of the aluminum alloy material are comprehensively analyzed,and the repair of the surface cracks is studied,which proves that the shot peening treatment can repair the surface cracks of the aluminum *** design of repairing subsurface cracks in aluminum alloy *** to the requirements samples for fatigue strength testing are made and the surface of the samples is treated by shot *** that all samples have the same in

关键词： Aluminum alloy Shot peening Crack repair Mechanical properties Healing mechanism

Study of the ornamentation of Bhong Mosque for the survival of decorative patterns in Islamic architecture

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2018年第2期7卷 122-134页

作者： Madiha Ahmad khuram Rashid Neelum Naz Department of Architecture University of Lahore Pakistan Department of Architectural Engineeringand Design University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan Department of Architecture University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan

Islamic architecture is rich in decorative patterns. Mosques were constructed in the past as simple buildings for offering prayers five times a day. However, in subsequent periods, various features of ornamentation in the form of geometry and arabesque were applied to the surfaces of mosques to portray paradise symbolically. This research applied descriptive approaches to examine the surviving patterns of the Aga-khan-awarded Bhong Mosque and categorized these patterns as geometric and arabesque. This categorization was achieved by photography, use of software for patterns, and conducting interviews with local elderly persons in the region. The geometric patterns were simple 6- and 8-point star patterns. Several of the eartiest examples of rosette petals exhibited 8- and 10-point star patterns and were categorized by incorporating the geometric style and location of mosques. This research investigated different arabesque categories and inscription types and determined the aesthetic and cultural reasons for their placement on various surfaces. Frescoes had different types of flowers, fruits, and leaves, and a few of them belonged to the local region.

关键词： Bhong Mosque Decorative patterns Categorization Geometry Arabesque

Adsorption removal of endosulfan through Saccharum officinarum derived activated carbon from selected soils

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第1期26卷 146-157页

作者： khuram Shahzad AHMAD Department of Environmental Sciences Fatima Jinnah Women University

Pesticide contamination causes precarious implications on human health and *** the investigation of its sorption phenomenon is highly *** insecticide was examined for its adsorption behavior on ten assorted soils through batch equilibrium *** coefficient values(Kd)ranged from 1.4μg/mL to 18μg/*** highest Kd value was obtained for Peshawar soil owing to the presence of highest amount of organic matter(1.4%).Negative values of Gibbs free energy displayed a low interaction between soil and pesticide,exhibiting that the reaction was physiosorption and exothermic in *** analysis showed a negative correlation of soil pH and Kd(R^2=–0.77 and p=0.03)and a positive correlation with organic matter(R^2=0.96).Activated carbon prepared from Saccharum officinarum bagasse removed significant amount *** maximum removal observed was 93%and 97%in 5×10^–6 and 7.5×10^–6,*** carbon prepared from biomass for removal purposes was proved to be highly efficient and cost effective.

关键词： soil endosulfan adsorption activated carbon sugarcane husk

Energy Management System for a Sustainable Future:Smart Grids(SG) with Renewable Energy,Energy Storage and Demand Response

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Energy Management System for a Sustainable Future:Smart Grid...

作者： Syed khuram Sarwar 华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

当前电网是世界上最复杂的工程系统之一,但它存在一些限制,包括高度集中的电力生产系统和缺乏适应日益增长的需求的灵活性。然而,随着世界人口的不断增长,对可持续和可靠能源系统的需求变得比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。智能电网(SG)提供... 详细信息

当前电网是世界上最复杂的工程系统之一,但它存在一些限制,包括高度集中的电力生产系统和缺乏适应日益增长的需求的灵活性。然而,随着世界人口的不断增长,对可持续和可靠能源系统的需求变得比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。智能电网(SG)提供了一个有前途的解决方案,利用创新技术,如可再生能源、储能和能源使用控制,提高电力分配的效率和可靠性。本研究提出了一个智能电网系统的模型和模拟设计,应用太阳能电池板(PV)、风力发电机和备用电池的组合,针对巴基斯坦俾路支省昆塔市进行设计。我们利用HOMER Grid等先进软件工具,基于巴基斯坦气象局获取的数据,预测未来该地区的负荷需求。本研究将车辆到电网(V2G)和电网到车辆(G2V)技术融入到智能电网系统中。在G2V连接期间,通过双向充电技术,电动汽车(EV)电池可以在低负荷需求时以低价存储电力,并在电网需求高时以高价出售电力。同样,在V2G连接期间,汽车电池是在峰值需求期间为电网提供电力的电源。此外,车辆到电网(V2G)技术还允许在汽车不使用时(例如停车时)向电网返还电力,提高了电网稳定性并使车主能够赚取收益。在我们提出的系统模型中,我们根据需求响应计划选择了一个基准情况,然后将其与其他两种情况进行比较,这两种情况可以平衡电网和消费者负荷需求。在情况1中,该系统包括水电、输电、配电、负载和储能,而在情况2中,智能电网系统包括水电(GEN)、可再生能源(PV、风力涡轮)、电池、车辆到电网/电网到车辆和负载(智能家居、办公楼)。与基准情况进行比较后,情况1的年度电费分解成本为36,349美元,而情况2的年度电费分解成本为11,467美元。在情况1中,没有年度碳排放(CO2)因为只包括水电,而在情况2中,每年的碳排放(CO2)较低,为81.6吨/年。我们的研究结果表明,智能电网技术具有巨大的潜力,并为能源管理部门提供更好的工具,以开发可持续且具有成本效益的能源系统。此外,这项研究与政府的目标一致,即实现小型分布式发电(DG)和全球目标,为巴基斯坦及其它国家打造更加可持续和环保的能源未来铺平了道路。

关键词：可再生能源电力网风力涡轮储能系统车辆到电网(V2G)/电网到车辆(G2V) 电动汽车(EV)

Empowering progress:unraveling the promising capabilities of Cu_(2)S:ZnS:NiS_(2) trimetal sulphide thin films

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2024年第3期18卷 95-111页

作者： Mahwash Mahar Gul khuram Shahzad Ahmad Andrew Guy Thomas Mohamed A.Habila Department of Environmental Sciences Fatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Materials Photon Science InstituteSir Henry Royce InstituteAlan Turing BuildingThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a thin film comprising of trimetallic sulphide,Cu_(2)S:ZnS:NiS_(2).The fabrication process involved the utilization of diethyldithiocarbamate as a sulfur source,employing physical vapor deposition.A range of analytical techniques were employed to elucidate the material's structure,morphology,and optical *** thin film exhibited a well-defined crystalline structure with an average crystallite size of 33 nm.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provided distinct core level peaks associated with Cu 2p,Zn 2p,Ni 2p,and S *** electrochemical properties were assessed through voltammetry measurements,which demonstrated an impressive specific capacitive of 797 F·g^(-1).The thin film demonstrated remarkable stability over multiple cycles,establishing it as a highly promising candidate for diverse energy storage *** addition,comprehensive investigations were carried out to assess the photocatalytic performance of the fabricated material,particularly its efficacy in the degradation of diverse environmental *** notable findings emphasize the versatility of trimetal sulphide thin films,expanding their potential beyond energy storage and opening avenues for further research and technological advancements in fields including photocatalysis and beyond.

关键词： supercapacitor energy storage photocatalyst thin film metal sulphide

Deforestation Trends and Spatial Modelling of its Drivers in the Dry Temperate Forests of Northern Pakistan–A Case Study of Chitral

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1192-1207页

作者： khuram Shehzad Faisal M.Qamer MSR Murthy Sawaid Abbas Laxmi D.Bhatta International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Deforestation is a major environmental challenge in the mountain areas of Pakistan. The study assessed trends in the forest cover in Chitral tehsil over the last two decades using supervised land cover classification of Landsat TM satellite images from 1992, 2000, and 2009, with a maximum likelihood algorithm. In 2009, the forest cover was 10.3% of the land area of Chitral(60,000 ha). The deforestation rate increased from 0.14% per annum in 1992–2000 to 0.54% per annum in 2000–2009, with 3,759 ha forest lost over the 17 years. The spatial drivers of deforestation were investigated using a cellular automaton modelling technique to project future forest conditions. Accessibility(elevation, slope), population density, distance to settlements, and distance to administrative boundary were strongly associated with neighbourhood deforestation. A model projection showed a further loss of 23% of existing forest in Chitral tehsil by 2030, and degradation of 8%, if deforestation continues at the present rate. Arandu Union Council, with 2212 households, will lose 85% of its forest. Local communities have limited income resources and high poverty and are heavily dependent on non-timber forest products for their livelihoods. Continued deforestation will further worsen their livelihood conditions, thus improved conservation efforts are essential.

关键词： Remote sensing Drivers of deforestation Cellular automata