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New Discovery of Hipparion theobaldi Skull from the Late Miocene of Padhri,District Jhelum,Punjab,Pakistan and Associated Mammalian Fossil Assemblage

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第4期96卷 1150-1165页

作者： khizar samiullah Omer DRAZ Riffat YASIN Bilal RASOOL Hafiz MUHAMMAD ISHAQ Muhammad HARIS AZIZ Rana MEHROZ FAZAL Shakila NAZ Tehreem RAZA Romesa NIAZI Department of Zoology Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan 32200Pakistan Department of Zoology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 3800Pakistan Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesMNSUAMultan 06005Pakistan Dragon Animal Care Center Doha 00000Qatar

A fossil-bearing locality near Padhri village,Dhok Pathan,55 km away from the tehsil Dina,Jhelum District,in the Potwar Plateau,Middle Siwaliks,Punjab,northern Pakistan,is significantly rich in mammalian *** site has provided an abundant mammalian fossil fauna of Late Miocene age from the Dhok Pathan Formation(Fm.).The recovered material belongs to four families:Equidae(horses),Rhinocerotidae(rhinos),Bovidae(cows),and Suidae(pigs).We discovered a new skull of hipparionine Hipparion theobaldi from this locality along with 22 specimens from the associated assemblage of fossil *** recovered material includes seven other species:the aceratheriine Chilotherium intermedium,boselaphines Tragoportax punjabicus,Selenoportax vexillarius,Pachyportax latidens,the antelope Gazella lydekkeri and suinine Propotamochoerus *** specimens are isolated teeth,fragments of maxilla,mandibles and horn *** Dhok Pathan *** generally composed of claystone,siltstone and sandstone beds and,based on the mammalian fauna,the Padhri fossil locality is dated as Late ***99 s formation was deposited in a subtropical paleoenvironment and the predominance of fossil bovids indicates extremely moist conditions with small but frequent standing water bodies.

关键词： vertebrate paleontology mammals fossil horses Dhok Pathan Formation Siwaliks Punjab

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Paleogene mammalian fauna exchanges and the paleogeographic pattern in Asia

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第2期63卷 202-211页

作者： Xijun NI Qiang LI Chi ZHANG khizar samiullah Limin ZHANG Yangheshan YANG Wenxin CAO Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100104China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000Pakistan

Mammals are the most important elements in Cenozoic terrestrial ecosystem. The composition and the character of a mammalian fauna are controlled by evolution time and evolutionary rate. Here we took 50 Asian Paleogene mammalian faunas as representatives and applied Bayesian Tip-dating method to infer the relationships and divergence times among these *** on the results of Bayesian Tip-dating analyses, we discussed the correlation between the paleogeographic changes and the mammalian fauna turn-overs. Compared with the traditional fauna correlation and sorting, Bayesian Tip-dating analyses revealed more detailed similarities reflected via the divergence times among the 50 faunas. We discovered that the early Eocene mammalian fauna, which firstly appeared in India subcontinent, is similar to the faunas of the same age in other parts of Asia. It is likely that a passage for the mammalian dispersal was formed before early Eocene. Bayesian inferring suggests that the first appearance of the dispersal passage is during 64.8–61.3 Ma. This time window is close to the time estimation for the initial time of India-Asia collision. During 57.1–47.2 Ma, India subcontinent probably had a habitat different from the main part of Asia, as it was reflected from the composition of the mammalian faunas. It is probably correlated with the uplifted Gangdese Mountain and shallow seas and lowlands on both sides of the collision region. The very remote divergence time(64.8 Ma) estimated by Bayesian inferring reflects the mammalian fauna turnover during the Eocene-Oligocene transition, obviously affected by the global cooling. Till the end of Oligocene, the Arabic Peninsula and Asian mainland remained separated and the mammalian faunas did not show clear connection.

关键词： Paleogene Mammalian fauna Tibetan Plateau India subcontinent

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Geology of Northern Sulaiman Foldbelt, Shirani and Waziristan Regions (South Punjab, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa): New Tomistominae (Miocene False Gharial) from Sakhi Sarwar Area of Dera Ghazi Khan (South Punjab), Pakistan

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第6期12卷 521-564页

作者： Muhammad Sadiq Malkani Muhammad Ilyas Riffat Yasin Asghar Abbas khizar samiullah Tehreem Raza Syed Sibt E. Hassan Rana Mehrooz Fazal Aqsa Noor Aeman Malik Geological Survey of Pakistan Muzaffarabad Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences MNSUA Multan Department of Zoology Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan Pakistan Department of Zoology GC University Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Pure and Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan

Northern Koh Sulaiman foldbelt, Shirani, North and South Waziristan (South Punjab, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) comprised mostly PermoTriassic to Recent sediments with subordinate igneous and metamorphic rocks. These sedimentary strata folded and faulted by geodynamic and tectonic forces occurred during Late Cretaceous to Recent revealed through anticlinal and synclinal foldings and active faultings. The Northern Koh Sulaiman foldbelt, Shirani, North and South Waziristan areas host many economic minerals like copper and chromite, construction stones, marble limestones, gypsum and cement resources, uranium and other radioactive mineral resources, low-quality iron, phosphate and muddy coal, high-quality gemstones, petroleum potential and excellent water resources and many other rocks and minerals. High-quality window and faden quartz crystals deposited in fractures and fissures as vugs and veins deposited by high-temperature hypothermal solution created by the tectonic compression process. The area has economic chromite and magnesite deposits. The Northern Koh Sulaiman foldbelt, Shirani, North and South Waziristan areas have large cement raw materials/resources (limestones, gypsum and shale/clays available mostly on same sites) which vitally need to install many cement industries in these areas because the ideal central location and now only one cement industry (Dera Ghazi Khan cement industry) is in operation. The Northern Koh Sulaiman foldbelt, Shirani, North and South Waziristan consists of excellent surface water resources which need the construction of smaller and medium-sized dams on different rud kohi/streams/rivers for the development of the area. Sakhi Sarwar area of Dera Ghazi Khan (South Punjab) yielded fossil of new Tomistominae (False Gharial) Gavialidae and further its surroundings recently yielded fossils of famous vertebrates like reptiles (dinosaurs, crocodiles, pterosaur and snake), birds and mammals, and tracks/trackways of Late Cretaceous ar

关键词： Stratigraphy Tectonic Structures Economic Minerals New False Gharial Northern Sulaiman Foldbelt Shirani North and South Waziristan Pakistan

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亚洲古近纪哺乳动物群交流及其反映的古地理格局

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中国科学：地球科学 2020年第2期50卷 209-219页

作者：倪喜军李强张驰 khizar samiullah 张立民杨阳河山曹文心中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京100044 中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心北京100044 中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心北京100101 中国科学院大学北京101408 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所北京100044 Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000Pakistan

新生代哺乳动物是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分.哺乳动物群的组成特征受到生境改变的影响,同时受控于演化时间和演化速率.我们利用贝叶斯末端定年(Bayesian Tip-dating)的方法来推测亚洲古近纪50个代表性动物群间的相对关系和分异时间,... 详细信息

新生代哺乳动物是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分.哺乳动物群的组成特征受到生境改变的影响,同时受控于演化时间和演化速率.我们利用贝叶斯末端定年(Bayesian Tip-dating)的方法来推测亚洲古近纪50个代表性动物群间的相对关系和分异时间,进而对动物群演变更替与古地理格局改变间的关系进行了讨论.与传统的动物群排序相比,基于贝叶斯推断的结果更加精细地体现了各个动物群间的相似程度,并通过分异时间反应出来.我们发现,印度次大陆始新世早期开始出现的动物群与亚洲大陆同期的动物群组成在总体上是相近的,表明自早始新世之前已经出现动物的扩散通道,贝叶斯推断印度-亚洲动物扩散通道初次形成的理论时间处在64.8~61.3Ma,这一时间估计与新近的印度次大陆-亚洲初始碰撞时间估计相近.在57.1~47.2Ma,印度次大陆可能具有不同于亚洲大陆主体的生境,这可能与冈底斯山的形成以及在印度-亚洲碰撞区的东西两翼残存浅海和低地有关.渐新世与始新世动物群间遥远的理论分异时间(64.8Ma)反映了始新世-渐新世的动物群转换事件,显然受到始新世-渐新世全球降温期的影响.直至渐新世之末,阿拉伯半岛与亚洲主体之间可能仍然存在难以逾越的地理隔离.

关键词：古近纪哺乳动物群青藏高原印度次大陆

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