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Beyond images: Emerging role of Raman spectroscopy-based artificial intelligence in diagnosis of gastric neoplasia

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2022年第5期34卷 539-542页

作者： khek yu ho Department of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

White-light endoscopy with tissue biopsy is the gold standard interface for diagnosing gastric neoplastic ***, misdiagnosis of lesions is a challenge because of operator variability and learning curve issues. These issues have not been resolved despite the introduction of advanced imaging technologies, including narrow band imaging, and confocal laser endomicroscopy. To ensure consistently high diagnostic accuracy among endoscopists,artificial intelligence(AI) has recently been introduced to assist endoscopists in the diagnosis of gastric *** endoscopic AI systems for endoscopic diagnosis are mostly based upon interpretation of endoscopic images. In real-life application, the image-based AI system remains reliant upon skilful operators who will need to capture sufficiently good quality images for the AI system to analyze. Such an ideal situation may not always be possible in routine practice. In contrast, non-image-based AI is less constraint by these requirements. Our group has recently developed an endoscopic Raman fibre-optic probe that can be delivered into the gastrointestinal tract via the working channel of any endoscopy for Raman measurements. We have also successfully incorporated the endoscopic Raman spectroscopic system with an AI system. Proof of effectiveness has been demonstrated in in vivo studies using the Raman endoscopic system in close to 1,000 patients. The system was able to classify normal gastric tissue, gastric intestinal metaplasia, gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer, with diagnostic accuracy of >85%. Because of the excellent correlation between Raman spectra and histopathology, the Raman-AI system can provide optical diagnosis, thus allowing the endoscopists to make clinical decisions on the spot. Furthermore, by allowing nonexpert endoscopists to make real-time decisions as well as expert endoscopists, the system will enable consistency of care.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy artificial intelligence gastric cancer diagnosis

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First endoscopic procedure for diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymphadenopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第48期15卷 6096-6101页

作者： Kay-Leong Khoo khek-yu ho Christopher Jen-Lock Khor Barbro Nilsson Tow-Keang Lim Department of Medicine National University Health System Department of Gastroenterology National University Health System Department of Pathology National University Health System

AIM:To compare a first diagnostic procedure of transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA)with selection of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)or TBNA for mediastinal ***:Sixty-eight consecutive patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy on computed tomography(CT),who required cytopathological diagnosis,were *** first 34 underwent a sequential approach in which TBNA was performed first,followed by EUS-FNA if TBNA was *** next 34 underwent a selective approach where either TBNA or EUS-FNA was selected as the first procedure based on the CT ***:The diagnostic yield of TBNA as the first diagnostic procedure in the sequential approach was 62%.In the selective approach,the diagnostic yield of the first procedure was 71%.There was no significant difference in the overall diagnostic yield,but there were significantly fewer combined procedures with the selective ***:Selecting either EUS-FNA or TBNA as the first diagnostic procedure achieved a comparable diagnostic yield with significantly fewer procedures than performing TBNA first in all patients.

关键词：淋巴结肿大诊断程序内镜计算机断层扫描支气管病理学诊断程序引导诊断过程

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease at the turn of millennium

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第10期9卷 2135-2136页

作者： Lee-Guan Lim khek-yu ho Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been an area of active research in the Asia-Pacific region in the recent years. This article outlines some of the interesting research findings. It comprises three parts. The first part dealt with recent data on the changing epidemiology of GERD in *** second part summarized published studies on the relationship between GERD and Helicobacter pylori, relevant to the Asia-Pacific region. The last part discussed some of the recent advances in the treatment of GERD.

关键词：胃食管返流流行病学亚洲地区 HP感染发病机制

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Long cycle-life aqueous Zn battery enabled by facile carbon nanotube coating on Cu current collector

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 151-164页

作者： Beom-Keun Cho Sung-ho Huh So Hee Kim Seungho yu Jong-Seong Bae Jung-Keun Yoo Seung-ho yu Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Energy Storage Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea KIST School Division of Energy and Environment TechnologyKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea Busan Center Korea Basic Science Institute(KBSI)BusanRepublic of Korea Carbon Composites Department Composites Research DivisionKorea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS)ChangwonRepublic of Korea

As an alternative to Li-ion batteries,aqueous Zn batteries have gained attention due to the abundance of Zn metal,low reduction potential(-0.76 V *** hydrogen electrode),and high theoretical capacity(820 mAh g-1)of multivalent Zn2+***,the growth of Zn dendrites and the formation of irreversible surface reaction byproducts pose challenges for ensuring a long battery lifespan and ***,the Cu foil coated with a single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)layer using a facile doctor blade casting method is *** SWCNT-coated Cu foil demonstrates a significantly longer battery lifespan compared to the bare Cu in the half-cell *** operando optical microscopy imaging,we are able to provide intuitive evidence that Zn deposition occurs between the carbon nanotube(CNT)coating and Cu substrate,in agreement with the computational ***,with various imaging techniques,the flat morphology and homogeneous distribution of Zn beneath the SWCNT layer are *** addition,the full-cell using CNT-coated Cu exhibits a long cycle life compared to the control group,thereby demonstrating improved electrochemical performance with limited Zn for the cycling process.

关键词： aqueous Zn battery carbon nanotube operando imaging surface coating

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection vs endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal polyps:A meta-analysis and metaregression with single arm analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第25期27卷 3925-3939页

作者： Xiong Chang Lim Kameswara Rishi Yeshayahu Nistala Cheng Han Ng Snow yunni Lin Darren Jun Hao Tan khek-yu ho Choon-Seng Chong Mark Muthiah Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore 119074Singapore Department of Surgery National University HospitalSingapore 119074Singapore

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has shown to be effective in management of colorectal neoplasm in the Asian countries,while its implementation in Western countries where endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)is preferred is still *** To compare the surgical,histological,and oncological outcomes between ESD and EMR in the treatment of colorectal polyps,with subgroup analysis comparing the efficacy of ESD and EMR between Japan and the rest of the *** Embase and Medline databases were searched from inception to October 2020 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines for studies comparing en bloc,complete resection,margin involvement,resection time,need for additional surgery,complications,and recurrence rate of ESD with *** Of 281344 colorectal polyps from 21 studies were *** compared to EMR,the pooled analysis revealed ESD was associated with higher en bloc and complete resection rate,and lower lateral margin involvement and *** led to increased procedural time,need for additional surgery,and perforation *** significant difference in bleeding risk was found between the two ***-regression analysis suggested only right colonic polyps correlated with an increased perforation risk in *** including polyp size and invasion depth did not significantly influence the en bloc and complete resection rate,bleeding risk and *** subgroup analysis,Japan performed better than the rest of the world in both ESD and EMR with perforation risk of 4%and 0.0002%,respectively,as compared to perforation risk of 8%and 1%,respectively,in reports coming from rest of the *** ESD resulted in better resection outcomes and lower recurrence compared to *** appropriate training,ESD is preferred over EMR as the first-line therapy for resection of colorectal polyps,without restricting to lesions greater than 20 mm and those with high suspicion of submucosal invasion.

关键词： Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopy Colonic polyps Colorectal neoplasm Colonoscopy

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Post-metallic stent placement bleeding caused by stent-induced ulcers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第36期11卷 5739-5741页

作者： Chun-Tao Wai Christopher Khor Siew-Eng Lim khek-yu ho Department ofMedicine National University Hospital 5 Lower Kent Ridge RoadSingapore 119074 Singapore Department of Hematology and Oncology NationalUniversity Hospital 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road Singapore 119074Singapore

Placement of self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) is an effective mode of palliative treatment for patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction. Gastrointestinal mucosal bleeding complicates about 5% of placement of SEMS but is not well described. We report three cases of gastrointestinal bleeding post-SEMS placement and suggest that bleeding is caused by direct mucosal infringement by the sharp edges of the ends of the stents.

关键词：恶性胃肠功能障碍金属圈消化道溃疡治疗方法

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Melatonin for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2492-2498页

作者： Kewin Tien ho Siah Reuben Kong Min Wong khek yu ho Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medicine Cluster National University Hospital Singapore 119228Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 119228 Singapore

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort,in combination with disturbed bowel habits in the absence of identifiable organic ***(Nacetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)is a hormone produced by the pineal gland and also large number by enterochromaffin cells of the digestive *** plays an important part in gastrointestinal physiology which includes regulation of gastrointestinal motility,local anti-inflammatory reaction as well as moderation of visceral *** is commonly given *** is categorized by the United States Food and Drug Administration as a dietary *** treatment has an extremely wide margin of safety though it may cause minor adverse effects,such as headache,rash and *** was touted as a potential effective candidate for IBS *** role of melatonin in IBS treatment include analgesic effects,regulator of gastrointestinal motility and sensation to sleep ***-controlled studies in melatonin suffered from heterogeneity in *** studies utilized 3 mg at bedtime as the standard dose of ***,all studies had consistently showed improvement in abdominal pain,some showed improvement in quality of life of IBS *** is a relatively safe drug that possesses potential in treating *** studies should focus on melatonin effect on gut mobility as well as its central nervous system effect to elucidate its role in IBS patients.

关键词： Melatonin Irritable bowel syndrome Pain Sleep Anal

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Enhancing visible-light-driven NO oxidation through molecular‐level insights of dye-loaded sea sands

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 543-554页

作者： yu-Han Li Bang-Fu Chen Sónia A.C.Carabineiro You-yu Duan Ping Tan Wing-Kei ho Fan Dong Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment Ministry of EducationChongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental MaterialsChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing400067China Nanchang Institute of Technology Nanchang33044China LAQV-REQUIMTE Department of ChemistryNOVA School of Science and TechnologyUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa2829-516CaparicaPortugal College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing UniversityChongqing401331China Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China

Natural minerals,abundant and easily obtained through simple physical processing,offer a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution for dyeing wastewater disposal and air pollution *** study investigates the photocatalytic removal of NO using natural different types of dyes,loaded on natural sand,under visible light *** examining various coating concentrations of dyes and sand weights,we discovered that sand loaded with Rhodamine B(RhB)exhibits high activity for the photo-oxidation of NO.A combination results of X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and thermogravimetric(TG)analyses confirm the presence of SiO_(2),CaCO_(3),Al_(2)O_(3)and iron oxides as the main components of the ***,studying RhB-loaded individual components reveals that CaCO_(3)plays a crucial role in enhancing the NO removal *** results and theoretical calculations demonstrate the establishment of a directional charge transfer channel from CaCO_(3)to RhB,facilitating the adsorption and activation of molecular NO and O_(2).This work not only promotes the utilization of natural mineral resources but also enriches the fields of environmental photochemistry and semiconductor photocatalysis.

关键词： Sand dyes Rhodamine B Photo-oxidation of NO Visible light illumination

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Enhanced prediction of anisotropic deformation behavior using machine learning with data augmentation

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 186-196页

作者： Sujeong Byun Jinyeong yu Seho Cheon Seong ho Lee Sung Hyuk Park Taekyung Lee School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea

Mg alloys possess an inherent plastic anisotropy owing to the selective activation of deformation mechanisms depending on the loading *** characteristic results in a diverse range of flow curves that vary with a deformation *** study proposes a novel approach for accurately predicting an anisotropic deformation behavior of wrought Mg alloys using machine learning(ML)with data *** developed model combines four key strategies from data science:learning the entire flow curves,generative adversarial networks(GAN),algorithm-driven hyperparameter tuning,and gated recurrent unit(GRU)*** proposed model,namely GAN-aided GRU,was extensively evaluated for various predictive scenarios,such as interpolation,extrapolation,and a limited dataset *** model exhibited significant predictability and improved generalizability for estimating the anisotropic compressive behavior of ZK60 Mg alloys under 11 annealing conditions and for three loading *** GAN-aided GRU results were superior to those of previous ML models and constitutive *** superior performance was attributed to hyperparameter optimization,GAN-based data augmentation,and the inherent predictivity of the GRU for *** a first attempt to employ ML techniques other than artificial neural networks,this study proposes a novel perspective on predicting the anisotropic deformation behaviors of wrought Mg alloys.

关键词： Plastic anisotropy Compression Annealing Machine learning Data augmentation

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Development and application of photocatalytic coating for roadside NO_(x) mitigation in hong Kong

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 153-157页

作者： Xinwei Li Pengge Wang Shuwen Han yu Huang Wingkei ho Steven Sai Hang ho Shun-cheng Lee Meng Wang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG)and Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512United States

A facile chemical method for the development of photocatalytic coating products was proposed based on practical application perspective for the hong Kong roadside nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))***_(2)-based photocatalytic coating PC-C film with crystallized size of around 5–6 nm was synthesized with the peptization of H_(2)O_(2).The PC-C coating possesses a super-hydrophilicity surface and is proven to have a NO_(x)degradation rate of 46.8%with an optimum pH level of *** addition,the PC-C coating presents a promising photocatalytic NO_(x)degradation compared with other commercially available coating products and P25 when applied on two building materials of poly-methyl methacrylate(PMMA)and concrete surface.A weather resistance simulation and a 180-day on-site field trial were carried out the attenuation effects of photocatalytic coating applied in outdoor *** on epidemiological estimation and field investigation,hospital admissions for respiratory diseases(HARD)and mortality cases(MC)could be reduced with the application of PC-C coating along the street *** work demonstrates the feasibility of air pollution control measures for the local roadside NO_(x)using photocatalytic technology,offering promising health benefits with environmental remediation.

关键词： Photocatalysis Coating NO_(x) mitigation hong Kong Roadside

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