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Geochemical Characterization of Organic Rich Black Rocks of the Niutitang Formation to Reconstruct the Paleoenvironmental Settings during Early Cambrian Period from Xiangxi Area,Western Hunan,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1827-1850页

作者： Rizwan Sarwar Awan Chenglin Liu Ashar Khan khawaja has.ain iltaf Qibiao Zang Yuping Wu Sajjad Ali Muhammad Amar Gul College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Water and Power Development Authority Lahore 54000Pakistan School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and TechnologyHefei 230026China

The Niutitang Formation in the South China Block might be a source of hydrocarbon as it contains an enormous quantity of organic *** rock of the Early Cambrian Niutitang Formation is widely distributed in the Yangtze region,but detailed geochemical understanding of it is still *** research discusses the detailed geochemical characteristics of the Niutitang Formation to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions,employing total organic carbon(TOC)content,major,trace,and rare earth element *** this purpose,black rock specimens of the Niutitang Formation from two outcrop sections were utilized for geochemical characterization,and the results compared with another eight sections from the South China *** average total organic carbon in these sediments is significantly higher(5.80 wt.%).In the platform region,lower quantities of TOC indicate a poor potential to produce *** the same time,significantly higher TOC is observed in the deep shelf and slope sediments,indicating a significant potential to produce *** average Ce,Eu and Y anomalies from both Longbizui and Sancha sections studied are 0.74,0.86,1.77,1.07,and 1.19,1.30,*** chemical index of alteration(CAI)throughout the Yangtze block is higher(averaging 71.32)than that of Post Archean Australian Shale(PAAS 69),indicating a moderately weathered source of the Niutitang Formation relative to *** the sediments are moderately weathered,this suggests these rocks might have been derived from felsic rocks,mainly *** normalization of REEs in the black rocks reveals a reduction of light REEs with increase in heavy REEs ***,a positive Eu anomaly,negative Ce anomaly,and a moderate Y/Ho(34.61)are clues to a hybrid depositional mechanism associated with hydrothermal action and terrigenous *** anomalies are also evidence of upwelling in the paleo-ocean and mixing of organic matter,which created anoxic bottom water

关键词： anomaly paleo-ocean paleoenvironment chemical index alteration weathering meta-somatism sediments

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2D seismic interpretation of Sawan gas field integrated with petrophysical analysis:A case study from Lower Indus Basin,Pakistan

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Energy Geoscience 2023年第2期4卷 35-48页

作者： Abd Ur Rehman Khan Muhammad Amar Gul Rizwan Sarwar Awan Ashar Khan khawaja has.ain iltaf Sibt.E hassan Butt Oil and Gas Development Company IslamabadPakistan CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China Water and Power Development Authority Pakistan Department of Earth&Environmental Sciences The University of Texas at ArlingtonUnited States Geological Survey of Pakistan LahorePakistan

The Lower Indus Basin is the leading hydrocarbon-bearing sedimentary basin in *** study has been conducted on the Sawan gas field located in the Lower Indus Basin,adjacent to a few other wellknown gas fields of Pakistan like Kadanwari,Qadirpur,and Miano gas *** research aims to present the spatial distribution and reservoir potential of the productive zones of the Lower Goru *** present study utilized various two-dimensional(2D)seismic lines and well-log data(Sawan-01 and Sawan-02)to investigate the structural and stratigraphic features of the *** stratigraphic layers are mildly deepening in the southeast *** 2D seismic interpretation of the research area identifies the existence of extensional remanents,i.e.,normal *** extensional structures are associated with horst and graben geometry that acts as a trapping mechanism for *** logs are used to identify the reservoir's diverse lithology and petrophysical *** results indicate fair to good effective porosities,low shale volume,and high hydrocarbon saturation(>55%),signifying good reservoir potential in C interval of the Lower Goru Formation.

关键词： Sawan Seismic Well-logs Goru formation Cretaceous Petrophysics

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Sound waves in fluidized bed using CFD-DEM simulations

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Particuology 2018年第3期16卷 126-133页

作者： hassan Abbas khawaja Process and Gas Group Department of Engineering & Safety UiT-The Arctic University of Norway 9037 Langnes Tromso Norway

The speed of sound waves in a fluidized bed is investigated using CFD-DEM numerical simulations, Appro- priate initial and boundary conditions are applied to reproduce bed phenomena. The effect of varying the height of the bed is also studied. The results of the simulations matched those from the literature. The pressure and particle velocity profiles obtained feature oscillatory behavior to which functions （based on a damped standing wave） were fitted, enabling an explicit dependence on time and space variables to be established. These fitted functions were substituted into the linearized governing equations for the two-phase flow. These solutions enabled a new relationship to be derived for the speed of sound and damping in the system. The conclusion drawn is tbat the damping in the system is governed by the effective bulk viscosity of the solid phase, which arises from the particle viscosity.

关键词： Fluidized bed Sound waves Speed of sound Damping time CFD-DEM simulations

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Subsurface geological model of sedimentary and metasedimentary wedge from Mansehra to Battal based on gravity data,Hazara area,Pakistan

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第4期2卷 229-237页

作者： Rizwan Sarwar Awan Ashar Khan Chenglin Liu Shangfeng Yang Qibiao Zang Yuping Wu Guoxiong Li khawaja has.ain iltaf Muhammad Tahir Sajjad Ali College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority Pakistan Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

This study is aimed to delineate the subsurface structural elements using geophysical techniques in the Haraza area of *** investigated the Oghi and Battal thrust faults,sedimentary and metasedimentary wedge,and the absolute crustal thickness based on terrestrial gravity *** seismic survey relying on wave propagation,magnetic survey is based on both attraction and repulsion,and electrical and electromagnetics on *** attractive gravity field produces relatively simpler patterns of anomalies,like a series of highs and lows over regions with undulating basements and buried structures.A qualitative interpretation of gravity data reveals a good deal of *** the collision of Indian and Eurasian Plates,compressional structures were developed in the Lesser Himalayas or northwest of the Hazara Kashmir *** study mainly focuses on the western limb of the Hazara Kashmir *** regional and local Bouguer anomalies were incorporated to delineate the regional structural *** gravity model is computed through geophysical technique along with profile A-A'from Mansehra to the Battal area that demarcates the blind Oghi Thrust and emergent Battal *** Formation of Precambrian age demarcates the Oghi Thrust near Kotli Pine while the Battal Thrust is demarcated within the Mansehra Granite of Cambrian to Ordovician age near *** with the Battal Thrust,fault gouge and breccias have been observed during the field *** total thickness of the sedimentary/metasedimentary wedge in the Mansehra and Battal areas was estimated to be 13.6 km and 14.2 *** comparison,the total thickness of crust in the Mansehra and Battal areas was 51.6 km and 52.2 km,respectively.

关键词： Gravity Metasedimentary Geophysical anomaly Hazara Autograv

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Priming mesenchymal stem cells to develop “super stem cells”

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 623-640页

作者： khawaja Husnain Haider Department of Basic Sciences Sulaiman AlRajhi UniversityAlQaseem 52736Saudi Arabia

The stem cell pre-treatment approaches at cellular and sub-cellular levels encompass physical manipulation of stem cells to growth factor treatment,genetic manipulation,and chemical and pharmacological treatment,each strategy having advantages and *** of these pre-treatment protocols are *** editorial is a continuum of Li et al’s published article and Wan et al’s editorial focusing on the significance of pre-treatment strategies to enhance their stemness,immunoregulatory,and immunosuppressive *** have elaborated on the intricacies of the combinative pre-treatment protocol using pro-inflammatory cytokines and *** a well-defined multi-pronged combinatorial strategy of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),pre-treatment based on the mechanistic understanding is expected to develop“Super MSCs”,which will create a transformative shift in MSC-based therapies in clinical settings,potentially revolutionizing the *** optimized,the standardized protocols may be used with slight modifications to pre-treat different stem cells to develop“super stem cells”with augmented stemness,functionality,and reparability for diverse clinical applications with better outcomes.

关键词： Cell survival Cell therapy Preconditioning Pre-treatment Stem cells Super stem cells

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Melatonin-based priming of stem cells to alleviate oxidative stress

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第11期16卷 985-989页

作者： khawaja Husnain Haider Department of Basic Sciences Sulaiman Al Rajhi UniversityAl Bukairiyah 51941AlQaseemSaudi Arabia

Stem cell expansion in vitro and transplantation in the cytokine-rich proinflammatory milieu in the injured tissue generate immense oxidative stress that interferes with the cells’survival,stemness,and *** cell priming has gained popularity to overcome these *** melatonin’s oxidative-scavenging properties,Gu et al have used periodontal ligament stem cells cultured under oxidative stress as an in vitro model to study the cytoprotective effects of *** letter to the editor delves into melatonin-induced stem cell priming and the underlying molecular mechanism,focusing on the intriguing role of Yesassociated protein signaling in alleviating oxidative *** stress the importance of understanding the distinction between in vitro and in vivo oxidative stress conditions,a crucial aspect of stem cell research that invokes a sense of critical thinking in the *** study by Gu et al presents a novel approach to oxidative stress management,offering exciting possibilities for future research and applications.

关键词： Melatonin Oxidative stress Priming Stem cells Yes-associated protein

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Intercellular Trogocytosis Plays an Important Role in Modulation of Immune Responses

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2008年第4期5卷 261-269页

作者： khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed Manjunatha Ankathatti Munegowda Jim Xiang Research Unit Saskatchewan Cancer AgencyDepartments of OncologyMicrobiology and ImmunologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Saskatchewan20 Campus DriveSaskatoon Saskatchewan S7N 4H4Canada Research Unit Saskatchewan Cancer AgencyDepartments of OncologyMicrobiology and ImmunologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Saskatchewan20 Campus Drive SaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 4H4Canada

Intercellular communication is an important means of molecular information transfer through exchange of membrane proteins from cells to cells. Advent of the latest analytical and imaging tools has allowed us to enhance our understanding of the cellular communication through the intercellular exchange of intact membrane patches, also called trogocytosis, which is a ubiquitous phenomenon. Immune responses against pathogens or any foreign antigens require fine immune regulation, where cellular communications are mediated by either soluble or cell surface molecules. It has been demonstrated that the membrane molecule transfer between immune cells such as dendritic and T cells can be derived through internalization/recycling pathway, dissociation-associated pathway, uptake of exosomes and membrane nanotube formations. Recent evidence implicates the trogocytosis as an important mechanism of the immune system to modulate immune responses. Exchange of membrane molecules/ antigens between immune cells has been observed for a long time, but the mechanisms and functional consequences of these transfers remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms of trogocytosis and its physiological relevance to immune system, with special reference to T cells and the stimulatory or suppressive immune responses derived from T cells with acquired dendritic cell membrane molecules. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2008;5（4）：261-269.

关键词： cellular interaction membrane molecule transfer CTL response immune suppression

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Acquired pMHC I Complexes Greatly Enhance CD4^+ Th Cell's Stimulatory Effect on CD8^+ T Cell-Mediated Diabetes in Transgenic RIP-mOVA Mice

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2008年第6期5卷 407-415页

作者： khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed Yufeng Xie Xueshu Zhang Jim Xiang Research Unit Saskatchewan Cancer Agency Departments of OncologyMicrobiology and Immunology College of Medicine University ofSaskatchewan 20 Campus Drive Saskatoon Saskatchewan S7N 4H4Canada Ahmed and Xie made the same contribution to the study

CD4＋ helper T （Th） cells play pivotal roles in induction of CD8＋ CTL immunity. However, the mechanism of CD4＋ T cell help delivery to CD8＋ T cells in vivo is still elusive. In this study, we used ovalbumin （OVA）-pulsed dendritic cells （DCovA） to activate OT-II mouse CD4＋ T cells, and then studied the help effect of these CD4＋ T cells on CD8＋ cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） responses＋ We also examined CTL mediated islet β cell destruction which leaded to diabetes in wild-type C57BL/6 mice and transgenic rat insulin promoter （RIP）-mOVA mice expressing β cell antigen OVA with self OVA-specific tolerance, respectively. In adoptive transfer experiments, we demonstrated that help, in the form of peptide/major histocompatibility complex （pMHC） I acquired from DCovA by DCovA activation, was required for induction of OVA-specific CTL responses in C57BL/6 mice. However, in combination ＋＋＋ with TCR transgenlc OT-I mouse CD8 T ceils, the tolerogenic dosage of CD4＋ Th cells with acquired pMHC I, but not CD4＋（Kb-/-） Th cells without acquired pMHC I were able to cause diabetes in 8/10 （80%） RIP-mOVA mice. This study thus expands the current knowledge in T cell-mediated autoimmunity and provides insight into the nature of CD4＋ T cell-mediated help in CD8＋ CTL induction. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2008;5（6）：407-415.

关键词： CD4+ Th pMHC 1 dendritic cell membrane acquisition diabetes

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Defining lung cancer stem cells exosomal payload of miRNAs in clinical perspective

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第6期12卷 406-421页

作者： Beatrice Aramini Valentina Masciale khawaja Husnain Haider Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena 41124Italy MPharm PhDSulaiman AlRajhi UniveristyAlQaseem 52736Saudi Arabia

Since the first publication regarding the existence of stem cells in cancer[cancer stem cells(CSCs)]in 1994,many studies have been published providing in-depth information about their biology and *** research has paved the way in terms of appreciating the role of CSCs in tumour aggressiveness,progression,recurrence and resistance to cancer *** CSCs for cancer therapy has still not progressed to a sufficient degree,particularly in terms of exploring the mechanism of dynamic interconversion between CSCs and *** the CSC scenario,the problem of cancer dissemination has been analyzed indepth with the identification and isolation of microRNAs(miRs),which are now considered to be compelling molecular markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours in general and specifically in patients with non-small cell lung *** release of miRs via“exosomes”(small membrane vesicles(30-100 nm),the derivation of which lies in the luminal membranes of multi-vesicular bodies)released by fusion with the cell membrane is gaining *** exosomes play a significant role in maintaining a dynamic equilibrium state between CSCs and non-CSCs and their mechanism of activity is as yet *** studies on CSC-related exosomes will provide new perspectives for precision-targeted treatment strategies.

关键词： Cancer Cancer stem cells Exosomes Lungs miRNA Microvesicles Nonsmall cell lung cancer

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Mannose-6-phosphate receptor: a novel regulator of T cell immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第11期15卷 986-988页

作者： Anjuman Ara khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed Jim Xiang Cancer Research Cluster Saskatchewan Cancer AgencySaskatoonSKCanada Division of Oncology College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

CD8^(+) cytotoxic T cells(CTLs)protect against pathogens and cancer.1,2,3,4 Over the past few years,CTL responses have been extensively studied.1,2,3,4 In response to an infection,the CTL response develops in three phases:expansion,contraction,and memory.2,3,In the expansion phase,pathogen-derived antigens(Ags)trigger activation and proliferation of Ag-specific CTLs,leading to the generation of effector CTLs(eCTLs)with cytotoxic functions.2,5,Later,in the contraction phase,90–95%of eCTLs die as a result of activation-induced cell apoptosis.

关键词： immunity cytotoxic functions.

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