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The Influence of Climate Change and Variability on Spatio-Temporal Rainfall and Temperature Distribution in Zanzibar

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第2期13卷 282-313页

作者： Abdalla Hassan Abdalla Kombo Hamad Kai Sara Abdalla khamis Afredy Lawrence Kondowe Sarah E. Osima Philemon Henry King’uza Asya Omar Hamad Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) Zanzibar Tanzania Faculty of Science State University of Zanzibar (SUZA) Zanzibar Tanzania

Climate change has resulted in serious social-economic ramifications and extremely catastrophic weather events in the world, Tanzania and Zanzibar in particular, with adaptation being the only option to reduce impacts. The study focuses on the influence of climate change and variability on spatio-temporal rainfall and temperature variability and distribution in Zanzibar. The station observation datasets of rainfall, Tmax and Tmin acquired from Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) and the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment program (CORDEX) projected datasets from the Regional climate model HIRHAM5 under driving model ICHEC-EC-EARH, for the three periods of 1991-2020 used as baseline (HS), 2021-2050 as near future (NF) and 2051-2080 far future (FF), under two representative concentration pathways (RCP) of 4.5 and 8.5, were used. The long-term observed Tmax and Tmin were used to produce time series for observing the nature and trends, while the observed rainfall data was used for understanding wet and dry periods, trends and slope (at p ≤ 0.05) using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Mann Kendall test (MK). Moreover, the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) under the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation techniques were used for mapping the three decades of 1991-2000 (hereafter D1), 2001-2010 (hereafter D2) and 2011-2020 (hereafter D3) to analyze periodical spatial rainfall distribution in Zanzibar. As for the projected datasets the Climate Data Operator Commands (CDO), python scripts and Grid analysis and Display System (GrADS) soft-wares were used to process and display the results of the projected datasets of rainfall, Tmax and Tmin for the HS, NF and FF, respectively. The results show that the observed Tmax increased by the rates of 0.035℃ yr-1 and 0.0169℃ yr-1, while the Tmin was i

关键词： Climate Change Climate Variability Spatial and Temporal Distribution Temperature Rainfall CORDEX

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Systemic oncological therapy in breast cancer patients on dialysis

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第6期15卷 730-744页

作者： Salman Khan Ghada Araji Ekrem Yetiskul Praneeth Reddy Keesari Fadi Haddadin Zaid khamis Varun Chowdhry Muhammad Niazi Sarah Afif Meekoo Dhar Suzanne El-Sayegh Department of Internal Medicine Northwell Health-Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States Department of Hematology and Oncology Northwell Health-Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States Department of Internal Medicine CUNY School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10031United States

The advancement of renal replacement therapy has significantly enhanced the survival rates of patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD)over ***-ever,this prolonged survival has also been associated with a higher likelihood of cancer diagnoses among these patients including breast *** cancer treatment typically involves surgery,radiation,and systemic therapies,with ap-proaches tailored to cancer type,stage,and patient ***,renal replacement therapy complicates systemic therapy due to altered drug clearance and the necessity for dialysis *** review emphasizes the need for opti-mized dosing and administration strategies for systemic breast cancer treatments in dialysis patients,aiming to ensure both efficacy and ***,ch-allenges in breast cancer screening and diagnosis in this population,including soft-tissue calcifications,are highlighted.

关键词： Breast cancer Systemic therapy Renal replacement therapy Dialysis End-stage renal disease Hormone therapy Chemotherapy

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Study the Role of Lung Ultrasound in Assessment of Subclinical Fluid Overload in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Intra-Dialytic Hypertension

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第3期10卷 199-211页

作者： Said S. A. khamis Yassein S. Yassein Khaled M. A. El Zorkany Waleed A. Mousa Abdellatif S. A. Kora Ahmed Ragheb Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El-Kom Egypt Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El-Kom Egypt Department of Medicine Shibin El-Koom Teaching Hospital Shibin El-Kom Egypt

Objectives: To elucidate the role of lung ultrasound in assessment of subclinical fluid overload in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Background: Volume overload has a significant role in HD patients with difficult blood pressure control. The clinical evaluation of fluid status is challenging and has poor diagnostic accuracy. Extravascular lung water (ELW) represents an important element of body fluid volume. Lung ultrasound (LUS) is increasingly used for ELW assessment through the analysis of B-lines artifacts. Methods: Eighty-eight HD patients were followed up prospectively. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during HD sessions. Group (1): patients with intra-dialytic hypertension (n = 12), group (2): patients with intra-dialytic hypotension (n = 28) and group (3): patients with no significant blood pressure variabilities (n = 48). Numbers of B-lines were measured by LUS and IVC diameters were measured pre and post-dialysis. In addition, Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and other routine laboratory tests were done. Results: There were significant increases in the number of B-lines and IVC diameter pre and post-dialysis in group (1) compared to the other two groups. There was significant decrease in post dialysis IVC diameter but not the number of B-lines in group (2) compared with the other two groups. ET-1 level was significantly increased in group 1 compared to the other two groups. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the pre-dialysis number of B-lines and ET-1. Conclusion: Lung ultrasound can be considered a sensitive and specific modality for volume assessment in HD patients especially with intra-dialytic hypertension. We recommend serial LUS as a part of management in this group of patients.

关键词： Intra-Dialytic Hypertension Volume Assessment Lung Ultrasound B-Lines

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Cardiac Surgery in Octogenarians and Beyond: Single Center Experience

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2013年第2期3卷 51-56页

作者： Reda E. Al-Refaie Hashem Aliter Ricardo Gallo Ali youssef Mushabab Al-Murayeh Edwin Ravikumar Department of Cardiac Surgery and Car- diology Armed Forces Hospitals Southern Region Khamis Mushayt KSA Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Mansoura University Hospitals Mansoura Egypt

Background: Increasing numbers of octogenarians and improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative care have resulted in increasing cardiac operations in this age. The aim is to analyze our experience of cardiac surgery on octogenarians and beyond concerning postoperative morbidities and mortality. Methods: 67 octogenarians and nonagenarians underwent open heart surgery in our hospital between 2001 to 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Data included baseline preoperative status, intraoperative and perioperative course, and immediate outcomes. Results: The mean age was 86.22 ± 6.1 years. 86.6% patients were males. Symptoms were dyspnea;Class II in 13.4%, Class III in 55.2%, Class IV in 31.4% patients;angina in 82.1%, and CHF in 25.4% patients. The mean EF was 37.8% ± 10. Risk factors include smoking in 52.2%, DM in 37.3%, hypertension in 28.4%, obesity in 25.4%, previous MI in 22.4%, COPD in 17.9%, renal insufficiency in 11.9%, pulmonary hypertension in 7.5%, PVD in 6%, and cerebrovascular disease in 3% patients. The procedures were isolated CABG in 73%, AVR in 9%, MVR in 6%, CABG/valve in 9%, and MVR and AVR in 3% patients. Complications were 18%. It included renal impairment in 18%, arrhythmias in 14.9%, bleeding in 6%, prolonged ventilation in 13.4%, CHF in 4.5%, gastrointestinal bleeding in 4.5%, wound infection in 7.5%, and cerebrovascular accident in 3%. Hospital mortality was 9% patients. Conclusions: Cardiac surgery can be performed safely with acceptable hospital morbidity and mortality in octogenarians and beyond. Early referral and proper selection of patients are mandatory to improve immediate postoperative survival.

关键词： Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Valve Octogenarians Nonagenarian

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Review of Biochemical and Nutritional Constituents in Different Green Leafy Vegetables in Oman

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 765-769页

作者： Vijaya Saradhi Settaluri Kholood Mohammed Khalaf Al-Mamari Salwa Ibrahim Mohammed Al-Balushi Moza khamis Zayid Al-Risi Muhammad Behjat Ali Biology Section Department of Applied Sciences Higher College of Technology Muscat Sultanate of Oman

Green leafy vegetables are very nutrient-dense and incredibly healthy. They are vital sources of antioxidants and they are the best which are very beneficial to providing weight loss and maintenance, because it keeps you feeling full and helps control your hunger. Also, leafy vegetables are full of fiber, vitamins;minerals and substances that help protect you from disease [1] [2]. For this we choose five types of vegetables which are lettuce, cabbage, parsley, spinach and arugula to estimate some nutritional values present on them such as: carbohydrate (sucrose, fructose, glucose and starch), protein, amino acids (lysine and phenyl alanine), vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and lipid. The results obtained were analyzed and the relative percentages of these compounds were tabulated. Among the five green leafy vegetables the glucose content was highest in lettuce and was least in arugula. Among the five green leafy vegetables the fructose content was highest in parsley and was least in cabbage. Among the five green leafy vegetables the sucrose content was highest in parsley and was least in cabbage. Among the five green leafy vegetables the starch content was highest in lettuce and was least in spinach. Among the five green leafy vegetables the ascorbic acid content was highest in lettuce and was least in parsley and arugula. Among the five green leafy vegetables the protein content was highest in parsley and was least in cabbage. Among the five green leafy vegetables the lysine content was highest in cabbage and was least in arugula. Among the five green leafy vegetables the phenyl alanine content was highest in cabbage and was least in spinach. Among the five green leafy vegetables the lipid content was highest in lettuce and was least in cabbage.

关键词： Nutritional Value Protein Carbohydrate Vitamins Analysis Comparison

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Neurocognitive and mental health outcomes in children with tungiasis:a cross-sectional study in rural Kenya and Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 98-98页

作者： Berrick Otieno Lynne Elson Abneel K.Matharu Naomi Riithi Esther Chongwo khamis Katana Carophine Nasambu Francis Mutebi Herman Feldmeier Jürgen Krücken Ulrike Fillinger Amina Abubakar Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Programme Hospital Road Kilifi Kenya Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIE) Human Health Theme Nairobi Kenya Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany Institute for Human Development Aga Khan University Nairobi Kenya School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Charité University Medicine Berlin Germany

Background Tungiasis,a neglected tropical parasitosis,disproportionately afects *** empirical studies have reported neurocognitive and mental health outcomes of children with ectoparasitic skin diseases like *** of tungiasis suggests it could detrimentally afect cognition and *** study pioneered the investigation of neurocognitive and mental health outcomes in children with *** This was a multi-site cross-sectional study including 454 quasi-randomly sampled school-children aged 8-14 from 48 randomly selected schools in two counties in Kenya and a district in *** participants were stratifed into infected and uninfected based on the presence of *** infected were further classifed into mild and severe infection groups based on the intensity of the ***,validated,and standardized measures of cognition and mental health such as Raven Matrices and Child Behaviour Checklist were used to collect *** tests including a multilevel,generalized mixed-efects linear models with family link set to identity were used to compare the scores of uninfected and infected children and to identify other potential risk factors for neurocognitive and behavioural *** When adjusted for covariates,mild infection was associated with lower scores in literacy[adjustedβ(aβ)=−8.9;95%confdence interval(CI)−17.2,−0.6],language(aβ=−1.7;95%CI−3.2,−0.3),cognitive fexibility(aβ=−6.1;95%CI−10.4,−1.7)and working memory(aβ=−0.3;95%CI−0.6,−0.1).Severe infection was associated with lower scores in literacy(aβ=−11.0;95%CI−19.3,−2.8),response inhibition,(aβ=−2.2;95%CI−4.2,−0.2),fne motor control(aβ=−0.7;95%CI−1.1,−0.4)and numeracy(aβ=−3;95%CI−5.5,−0.4).Conclusions This study provides frst evidence that tungiasis is associated with poor neurocognitive functioning in *** tungiasis is a chronic disease with frequent reinfections,such negative efects may potentially impair their development and l

关键词： Tungiasis Tunga penetrans Neglected tropical disease Neurocognition Mental health School-aged children Africa

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苏丹常规医疗中结核病人的临床特点与痰涂片分级之间的关系

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2002年第2期 76-81页

作者： A.El-Sony D.Enarson A.khamis O.Baraka G.Bjune 邢青 National Tuberculosis Programme Khartoum Sudan International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Paris France Department of Medicine Ahfad University for Women School of Mathematics Bayan College for Science and Technology Khartoum Department of Medicine University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of International Health Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway

背景:苏丹喀土穆、红海、加达里夫、卡萨拉、杰贝勒河、吉齐拉和北科尔多凡的卫生部门。目的:为了研究结核病人表现的症状和临床史与涂片阳性程度之间的关系。方法:5338名结核病可疑者,年龄从15岁到49岁,1998年3月至1999年3月间就诊... 详细信息

背景:苏丹喀土穆、红海、加达里夫、卡萨拉、杰贝勒河、吉齐拉和北科尔多凡的卫生部门。目的:为了研究结核病人表现的症状和临床史与涂片阳性程度之间的关系。方法:5338名结核病可疑者,年龄从15岁到49岁,1998年3月至1999年3月间就诊者。他们均经过痰涂片镜检,并具有根据标准方法分级的痰涂片结果。经过个人同意,对患者进行一个经过构建的关于他们症状的初始情况及所持续时间和家中是否有病属的访问。统计学分析确定症状和家庭特征与涂片检测结果之间存在的关系。结果:共有514名可疑者(9.6％)被检出抗酸杆菌:+1的45人(8.8％),+2的167人(32.5％),+3的302人(58.8％),绝大多数病人症状期为6-9周,而有100人超过一年,他们中的许多人(47人)伴有其他慢性呼吸系统病。多数胸部症状与痰涂片阳性程度相关,而与症状持续时间无关(P值分别为P=0.018,P=0.028)。那些症状持续时间少于一年者中,痰涂片阳性度高(+3),症状持续时间最长,是家中有病属的明显标志。(OR=1.99,95％CI 1.12-3.55,OR=1.004,95％CI 1.000-1.008) 结论:本研究表明痰涂片阳性程度与结核病人临床特点之间存在关系。

关键词：结核病诊断直接镜检感染苏丹

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Association of gene variants with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes among Omanis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第2期6卷 358-366页

作者： Sawsan Al-Sinani Nicolas Woodhouse Ali Al-Mamari Omaima Al-Shafie Mohammed Al-Shafaee Said Al-Yahyaee Mohammed Hassan Deepali Jaju khamis Al-Hashmi Mohammed Al-Abri Khalid Al-Rassadi Syed Rizvi Yengo Loic Philippe Froguel Riad Bayoumi Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine and Health SciencesSultan Qaboos University Genomics and Metabolic Disease Institute Pasteur of Lille Lille2 University

AIM:To investigate the association of 10 known common gene variants with susceptibility to type 2diabetes mellitus(T2D)among ***:Using case-control design,a total of992 diabetic patients and 294 normoglycemic Omani Arabs were genotyped,by an allelic discrimination assay-by-design TaqMan method on fast real time polymerase chain reaction system,for the following gene variants:KCNJ11(rs5219),TCF7L2(rs7903146),CDKAL1(rs10946398),CDKN2A/B(rs10811661),FTO(rs9939609 and rs8050136),IGF2BP2(rs4402960),SLC30A8(rs13266634)CAPN10(rs3792267)and HHEX(rs1111875).T2D patients were recruited from the Diabetes Clinic(n=243)and inpatients(n=749)at Sultan Qaboos Univesity Hospital(SQUH),Muscat,*** control participants(n=294)were volunteers from the community and from those visiting Family Medicine Clinic at SQU,for regular medical *** difficulty in recruiting Omani participants with no family history of diabetes was the main reason behind the small number of control participants in this *** all volunteers questioned had a relativewith diabetes *** of the small number of normoglycemic controls in this study,this sample was sufficient for detection of genes and loci for common alleles influencing T2D with an odds ratio of≥1.3reaching at least 80%*** was collected from June 2010 to February ***:Using binary logistic regression analysis,four gene variants showed significant association with T2D risk:KCNJ11(rs5219,P=5.8×10^(-6),OR=1.74),TCF7L2(rs7903146,P=0.001,OR=1.46),CDKAL1(rs10946398,P=0.002,OR=1.44)and CDKN2A/B(rs10811661,P=0.020,OR=1.40).The fixation index analysis of these four gene variants indicated significant genetic differentiation between diabetics and controls{[KCNJ11(rs5219),P<0.001],[TCF7L2(rs7903146),P<0.001],[CDKAL1(rs10946398),P<0.05],[CDKN2A/B(rs10811661),P<0.05]}.The highest genotype variation%between diabetics and controls was found at KCNJ11(2.07%)and TCF7L2(1.62%).This study was not able to detect an as

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Genetics Oman Casecontrol Association Gene Variants

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苏丹三个州结核病诊疗服务分散化对结核病控制效果的影响研究

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2003年第2期 63-67页

作者： A.I.El-Sony S.A.Mustafa A.H.khamis D.A.Enarson O.Z.Baraka G.Bjune 贺晓新 National Tuberculosis Programme Khartoum Khartoum Sudan International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(IUATLD)ParisFrance Epidemiological Laboratory National Tuberculosis ProgrammeKhartoum University of Sudan for Science and Technology Khartoum Khartoum Ahfad University for Women Department of Medicine Omdurman Khartoum~#Bayan College for Science and Technology Khartoum International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(IUATLD) ParisFrance Department of Medicine University of KhartoumKhartoumKhartoumSudan University of Oslo Oslo Norway

地点:Red Sea、Gadaref以及Khartoum州的转诊医院和初级卫生保健(PHC)机构。目的:评价结核病诊疗服务分散化对结核病临床表现以及治疗结局的影响。设计:在苏丹选定三个地区,根据PHC机构和转诊医院病人的常规信息进行病例发现以及治疗结... 详细信息

地点:Red Sea、Gadaref以及Khartoum州的转诊医院和初级卫生保健(PHC)机构。目的:评价结核病诊疗服务分散化对结核病临床表现以及治疗结局的影响。设计:在苏丹选定三个地区,根据PHC机构和转诊医院病人的常规信息进行病例发现以及治疗结局的队列分析。结果:就诊于转诊医院的结核病人中有2/3得以确诊,而在PHC机构的就医者则只有1/3明确了结核病诊断。女性病例占PHC机构报告病例的46％,占转诊医院报告病例的37.9％(OR=1.398,95％可信区间:1.343-1.455)。高年龄组人群就医于PHC机构的可能性大于转诊医院。在转诊医院就医的病人中,38％治愈,29.3％完成疗程但未进行涂片检查,17.3％中断治疗;而在PHC机构的就医者,则有58％治愈,17.8％完成疗程但未进行涂片检查,11.6％中断治疗。结论:PHC机构为较高比例的女性以及年老结核病人提供了医疗服务,这提示女性以及年老结核病人对PHC机构有较高的利用率。PHC机构有较高的治愈率和较低的治疗中断率,这可能反映出其具有良好的直接督导治疗以及随访条件。

关键词：分散化 TB诊疗服务卫生机构改革苏丹

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Correction to:High frequency multiscale relationships among major cryptocurrencies:portfolio management implications

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Financial Innovation 2021年第1期7卷 1729-1729页

作者： Walid Mensi Mobeen Ur Rehman Muhammad Shafullah khamis Hamed Al‑Yahyaee Ahmet Sensoy Department of Economics and Finance College of Economics and Political ScienceSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscatOman South Ural State University 76Lenin ProspektChelyabinskRussian Federation Shaheed Zulfkar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST) IslamabadPakistan School of Economics University of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangorMalaysia Muscat University Al Ghubrah NorthMuscatOman Faculty of Business Administration Bilkent University06800 AnkaraTurkey

Correction to:Financ Innov 7:75(2021)https://***/10.1186/s40854-021-00290-w Following publication of this article(Mensi et al.2021),the corresponding author reported that his 2nd affiliation was *** the corresponding author’s affiliations are:1Department of Economics and Finance,College of Economics and Political Science,Sultan Qaboos University,Muscat,Oman 2South Ural State University,76,Lenin Prospekt,Chelyabinsk,Russian Federation The affiliations have been updated in this Correction and in the original article.

关键词： among College Russian

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