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Image analysis of Moroccan carob seeds(Ceratonia siliqua L.)revealed substantial intraspecific variations depending on climate and geographic origin

引用

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 455-468页

作者： Jalal Kassout Younes Hmimsa Salama El Fatehi Abdeltif El Ouahrani khalil kadaoui Soufian Chakkour David Ariza‑Mateos Guillermo Palacios‑Rodríguez Rafael Navarro‑Cerrillo Mohammed Ater Laboratory of Applied Botany Bio‑Agrodiversity TeamFaculty of SciencesUniversity of Abdelmalek EssaadiTétouanMorocco Associated International Laboratory EVOLEA INEE‑CNRS‑CNRSTMontpellierFrance Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache University of Abdelmalek EssaadiLaracheMorocco Forestry Engineering Department ERSAF Research Group RNM‑360University of CórdobaCórdobaSpain

Background:The carob tree(Ceratonia siliqua L.)is one of the most iconic tree species of the Mediterranean region,with valuable economic,ecological and cultural *** has been exploited around the Mediterranean region since antiquity and has been regarded as an important component of natural habitats and traditional *** studies have focused on its morphological,biochemical,and genetic ***,less is known about the intraspecific variation of seed *** this regard,and as an overall objective,we intend to evaluate the amplitude and the expression of intraspecific variations of carob seed traits at different ecological scales ranging from individual trees to different geographical *** addition,we investigated how the climate along the study area affects the extent of carob seed *** image analysis techniques,we measured seven traits related to the size and the shape of 1740 seeds collected from 18 populations of spontaneous *** distributed along a latitudinal transect in Morocco under different bioclimatic ***:The morphometric analysis of carob seed showed the effectiveness of adopted approach to highlight the amount and the amplitude of intraspecific variation according to geographic and climatic *** trait analysis revealed high intraspecific variability,explained by differences between and among carob populations and geographic *** area,perimeter,length,and width showed the largest variability between geographic ***,circularity,aspect ratio,and seed roundness showed higher variability at the tree ***,our results show that seed traits vary depending on altitude and climate ***:Revealing the amount and the structure of intraspecific traits variability of carob seed provides interesting insights to understand the mechanisms underlying trees adaptation to various environmental and ecological ***,intraspecific variatio

关键词： Carob tree Image analysis Seed traits Intraspecific variation Morocco

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