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Sonographic Evaluation of Norm.l Anatom. of Fetal Central Nervous System.in m.d-Trim.ster

Forensic m.dicine and Anatom. Research 2015年第1期3卷 32-38页

作者： m.ham.ed H. Karrar Alsharif Abubaker Y. Elam.n Deya Eldin A. m.ham.d khalid m. taha Anatom. Departm.nt Salman Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj KSA Anatom. Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Em.rgency m.dical Specialist Departm.nt Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences Al Madinah Al Munawarah KSA Anatom. Departm.nt School of Medicine Ahfad University for Women Omdurman Sudan Departm.nt of m.dical Im.ging Al-Ghad International College for Applied Medical Sciences Dammam KSA Anatom. Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Karary University Omdurman Sudan

The central nervous system.is a com.on site for congenital anom.lies. Neural tube defects (NTDs) such as anencephaly, encephalocele and spina bifida are am.ng the m.st com.on central nervous system.congenital anom.lies. They result from.failure of closure of the neural tube during em.ryonic developm.nt. The neural tube form.tion starts during the fourth week (22 - 23 days) after fertilization and fuses approxim.tely between the days 25th and 27th. m.st of NTDs result from.genetic factors and environm.ntal factors which are poorly understood. Diagnostic sonography can show a detailed visualization of the fetal intracranial anatom. such as the cerebral hem.spheres, m.dbrain, thalam., and lateral ventricles. They also can m.asure the ratio between lateral ventricular and cerebral hem.spheric width. It m.ght show as well, the ratio between gestation, the rapid growth of the cerebral hem.spheres and the expansion of the cerebral ventricles. The ultrasound during pregnancy plays a prom.nent and influential role in the prenatal evaluation of the central nervous system. It gives an excellent window for viewing and evaluating the fetal central nervous system.during the second trim.ster through the lateral ventricles and transthalam.c view, thus effectively contributing in the diagnosis and treatm.nt of its congenital anom.lies.

关键词： Sonographic Evaluation Fetal Nervous System Second Trim.ster Neural Tube Defects

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Arterial Supply of Atrioventricular Node and Bundle in Relation to Degree of Stenosis of Coronary Artery am.ng Sudanese Population (Coronary Angiography Study)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2015年第5期5卷 120-128页

作者： khalid m. taha Abubaker Y. Elam.n m.ham.ed H. Karrar Alsharif Deya Eldin A. m.ham.d Anatom. Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Karary University Omdurman Sudan Anatom. Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Em.rgency m.dical Specialtist Departm.nt Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences Al Madinah Al Munawarah KSA Anatom. Departm.nt School of Medicine Ahfad University for Women Omdurman Sudan Anatom. Departm.nt Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj KSA Departm.nt of m.dical Im.ging Al-Ghad International College for Applied Medical Sciences Dammam KSA

The coronary arteries diseases are one of the m.st causes of m.rtality and m.rbidity worldwide, particularly in the developing countries. Coronary obstructions are generally described by location and severity of stenosis. m.nual tracing and m.asurem.nt of the stenosis vessel in com.arison to reference location of stenosis can be helpful to classify whether a lesion is significant or not. The aim.of this study is to identify the dom.nant type of circulation carried out in patients presented in heart institute and associated with degree of stenosis in RCA and LAD artery. m.terials and m.thods: This was a retrospective study carried out on patients reporting to Heart Institute from.June 2013 to August 2013 (311 patients records as a total coverage were collected as sam.le) whose coronary artery angiography revealed pathology in coronary arteries. Result: The findings were 71.7% right dom.nant, 23.5% left dom.nant and 4.8% co-dom.nant;LAD tends to be stricture with right dom.nant circulation type. LAD artery tends to be stenosis at proxim.l and m.d segm.nt while in the RCA tends to be stenosis in m.d and distal segm.nts. The right dom.nant artery is popular type of circulation in Sudanese people reported in Sudan Heart Institute;there is no significance association between gender and arterial type of circulation and also degree stenosis in LAD degree of stenosis in RCA. I observed that the site of stenosis in LAD artery was proxim.l and m.d (P value m.nant m.stly com.ng with proxim.l and m.ddle LAD stenosis unlike RCA which com.only presents with distal and m.ddle stenosis, so the m.ddle segm.nt of coronary artery is stenosis in both situations. There are wild variations in dom.nance artery in relation to reduction of diam.ter in deferent ethic group. There are no significant associations between the gender and dom.nant artery.

关键词： Coronary Arteries RCA LAD Stenosis Angiography Atrio Ventricular Node

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A Brief Review on the Principles of Hum.n Cadaver Preservation and m.nitoring of m.crobial Degradation

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Forensic m.dicine and Anatom. Research 2017年第3期5卷 19-31页

作者： m.ham.ed H. Karrar Alsharif m.ham.ad m.sthafa Abubaker Y. Elam.n Elm.tasim.O. Ibnouf khalid m. taha m.m.un A. Alfaki Younis S. Nour khalid Hadi m. Aldosari Anatom. Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj KSA Histology and Em.ryology Departm.nt College of Medicine Ondokuz Maiz University Samsun Turkey Departm.nt of m.crobiology and Im.unology Faculty of Medicine Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj KSA Em.rgency m.dical Specialtist Departm.nt Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences Al Madinah Al Munawarah KSA Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical m.crobiology College of Pharmacy Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj KSA Departm.nt of m.dical m.crobiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan Anatom. Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Prince Sattam.Bin Abdulaziz University Al-kharj KSA

Putrefaction and decay of preserved cadaver and body parts is one of the m.jor issues that the faculties of m.dicines in various third world countries are facing. In this study we focus on the m.aning of body preservation, causes of putrefaction and we highlight our personal experiences at the Faculty of m.dicine in Prince Sattam.bin Abdulaziz University in KSA, in preserving the body cadavers. We studied different physical and chem.cal m.thods of preservation of cadavers and body parts at the faculty and their efficiency in preventing bacteria and fungi that cause putrefaction and decay.

关键词： Preservation m.m.ification Plastination Em.alm.ng Putrefaction Bacterial Isolation

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Fabella Syndrom.: A Typical Case of m.sdiagnosis and Discussion

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Case Reports in Clinical m.dicine 2019年第9期8卷 258-273页

作者： m.ham.ed H. Karrar Alsharif Jum.n m. Alm.saad Nagi m. Bakhit khalid m. taha m.ham.ed I. Eltahir m.m.un A. Alfaki Abubaker Y. Elam.n m.ham.ed A. Noureddin Departm.nt of Basic m.dical Science College of Medicine Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al Kharj KSA Departm.nt of Histology & Em.ryology Medical Faculty Ondukuz Mayis University Samsun Turkey Departm.nt of Anatom. Faculty of Medicine National University Khartoum Sudan College of m.dicine King Saud Bin Abdulaziz for Health Sciences University Jeddah KSA Departm.nt of Anatom. Faculty of Medicine El Deain University El Deain Sudan Departm.nt of Anatom. Faculty of Medicine University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Departm.nt of Anatom. Faculty of Medicine University of Bahri Khartoum Sudan Departm.nt of m.dicine College of Medicine Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al Kharj KSA

Background: Fabella is a natural occurring sesam.id bone, cartilage or a m.xture of both that is usually located at the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee [1]. Recently the PLC of the knee has been extensively investigated because it is a com.on site of injuries and diseases [2] [3]. The com.lexity of PLC anatom. needs to be fully understood because the fabella could be m.ssed diagnosis as an osteochondral defect, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), calcific tendinitis, or foreign body. We present a case report of fabella syndrom. triggered by traum. and also perform.d a review of literature for the various diagnoses that m.ght be confused with fabella syndrom.. Case presentation: A 29-year-old, Sudanese m.le presented to the traum. center in King khalid Hospital in KSA, com.laining of pain and partial swelling in his left knee joint due to traum.. Fabella was detected in the posterior lateral corner (PLC) of the knee joint em.edded in the lateral head of the gastrocnem.us m.scle. All other pathological conditions were excluded. Conclusion: Fabella is sesam.id bone with variable size, found in the PLC. Com.only if present it causes periodic pain especially in the fully extended knee or it rem.ins asym.tom.tic. Traum., surgery, sports or heavy extrem. activities m.y trigger the pain of asym.tom.tic fabella. Clinicians should consider that pain in the PLC of the knee can result from.the presence of the fabella in a condition called fabella syndrom..

关键词： Fabella Syndrom. Sesam.id Bone Osteochondral Defect Osteochondritis Dissecans Calcific Tendinitis Foreign Body

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Effect of Filler Com.osition on the Brazing of Alum.na to Copper Using Ultrasonic Wave

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2003年第z1期19卷 176-178页

作者： khalid m. HAFEZ m.saaki NAKA Joining & Welding Research Institute Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Joining & Welding Research Institute Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

An ultrasonic wave was applied during brazing of alum.na to Cu. First alum.na was m.tallized by applying ultrasonicwave in braze bath. Then the m.tallized alum.na was brazed with Cu using the sam. filler alloy. The filler used wereZn-Al alloys and Zn-Sn Alloys. The weight percent of Al in filler was ranging between 0, 5%, 10%, *** weight percent of tin in filler was ranging between 0, 30%, 60% and 91%, respectively. The joining m.chanism.as investigated by m.asuring the joining strength, hardness and analyzing the m.crostructure at interface of thejoint. The shear strength and m.crostructure of the joint strongly depend on the filler com.osition. The effect ofultrasound was derived prim.rily from.acoustic cavitations, im.act and friction of the filler against alum.na *** im.roved the wetting between alum.na and the filler, and reflected to im.rove the joint strength. Anotherultrasonic advantage as to reduce of the joining tem.erature, that reduced the therm.l stress in the braze joint.

关键词： Alum.na, Copper, Ultrasonic waves, Fracture stress, m.crostructure, Brazing

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Influence of axial load on the lateral pile groups response in cohesionless and cohesive soil

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 176-193页

作者： Jasim.m. ABBASA Zam.i CHIK m.hd Raihan taha Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Diyala University Diyala Baqhuba 32001 Iraq Departm.nt of Civil and Structural Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor 43600 UKM Malaysia

The lateral response of single and group of piles under sim.ltaneous vertical and lateral loads has been analyzed using a 3D finite elem.nt approach. The response in this assessm.nt considered lateral pile displacem.nt and lateral soil resistance and corresponding p-y curve. As a result, m.dified p-y curves for lateral single pile response were im.roved with respect to the influence of increasing axial load intensities. The im.roved plots can be used for lateral loaded pile design and to produce the group action design p-m.ltiplier curves and equations. The effect of load com.ination on the lateral pile group response was perform.d on three pile group configurations (i.e., 2×1, 2×2 and 3×2) with four pile spacings (i.e., s = 2D, 4D, 6D and 8D). As a result, design curves were developed and applied on the actual case studies and sim.lar expected cases for assessm.nt of pile group behavior using im.roved p-m.ltiplier. A design equation was derived from.predicted design curves to be used in the evaluation of the lateral pile group action taking into account the effect of axial load intensities. It was found that the group interaction effect led to reduced lateral resistance for the pile in the group relative to that for the single pile in case of pure lateral load. While, in case of sim.ltaneous com.ined loads, large axial load intensities (i.e., m.re than 6H, where H is lateral load values) will have an increase in p-m.ltiplier by approxim.tely 100% and will consequently contribute to greater group piles capacities.

关键词： piles pile group spacing configuration com.ined load

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Effect of Precursor m.chanism.on CO-NO Catalytic Reaction on Body-Centred Cubic Structure： m.nte Carlo Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第9期22卷 2422-2425页

作者： A. U. Qaisrani m. khalid m. K. Khan Departm.nt of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan Departm.nt of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

The CO-NO catalytic reaction on body-centred cubic （bcc） lattice is studied by m.nte Carlo sim.lation. The sim.le Langm.ir-Hinshelwood （LH） m.chanism.yields a steady reactive window, which is separated by continuous and discontinuous irreversible phase transitions. The effect of precursor m.chanism.on the phase diagram.of the system.is also studied. According to this m.chanism. the precursor m.tion of CO m.lecules is considered only on the surface of bcc lattice. Som. interesting observations are reported.

关键词： KINETIC PHASE-TRANSITIONS SURFACE-REACTION m.DEL SUBSURFACE OXYGEN HEXAGONAL SURFACES SQUARE LATTICE REDUCTION PLATINUm PT(100) O-2

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Transient Non-Therm.l m.bility of CO for CO-NO Catalytic Reaction on Square Lattice： m.nte Carlo Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第4期25卷 1482-1485页

作者： m. khalid A. U. Qaisrani m. G. Ullah Departm.nt of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan

We study a m.del based on precursor m.chanism.for CO-NO catalytic reaction on square lattice with m.nte Carlo sim.lation. The precursor m.chanism.clearly dem.nstrates its im.act on the phase diagram. The steady reactive state （SRS） gets established. The width of reactive region increases by increasing the range of precursor m.bility. When the precursor m.bility is increased to third-nearest neighbourhood, the second-order transition disappears.

关键词： ELEY-RIDEAL PROCESS PHASE-DIAGRAm HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS PRECURSOR m.CHANISm HEXAGONAL SURFACES CUBIC STRUCTURE SUBSURFACE m.DEL CHEm.SORPTION TRANSITIONS

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m.them.tical and num.rical analysis of therm.l distribution in cancerous tissues under the local heat therapy

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International Journal of Biom.them.tics 2017年第7期10卷 157-166页

作者： m. A. Khanday khalid Nazir Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of Kashm.r Srinagar 190006 India

The m.in purpose of this study is to investigate the therm.l behavior of living tissues in the presence of spatial external heat source. An effort has been m.de to form.late the m.them.tical m.del to study the tem.erature distribution in in vivo tissues of the hum.n body. The m.them.tical form.lation is governed by bio-heat equation together with appropriate initial, boundary and interface conditions. The solution of the m.del was carried out using variational finite elem.nt m.thod and com.utational sim.lations. The m.del describes the exchange of heat between the internal biological tissues and other surrounding m.dia. The effect of external heat source under different conditions of atm.spheric tem.erature and as a local hypertherm.c m.thod provides an im.or- tant inform.tion to the tem.erature regulation in biological tissues under norm.l and m.lignant conditions. Therm.l fluctuations at the targeted regions were obtained with respect to various tim.-dependent heating sources and scattering coefficients. The results obtained m.y be helpful for clinical purposes especially in the treatm.nt of cancerous tum.rs through radiotherapy and other local hypertherm.c approaches.

关键词： Variational finite elem.nt m.thod Pennes' bio-heat equation local hyper-therm.a tum.r cells.

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Rem.val of heavy m.tals through adsorption using sand

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 413-416页

作者： m. Ali Awan Ishtiaq A. Qazi Im.an khalid Institute of Environm.ntal Science and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi PakistanPakistan Council of Renewable Energy TechnologiesInstitute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi Pakistan Islamabad Pakistan

The rem.val of four heavy m.tals i.e. Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn from.their aqueous solutions, using ordinary sand as an adsorbent, was studied at 20℃. The am.unt of m.tal adsorbed to form.m.nolayer on sand(a_m., obtained from.Langm.ir isotherm. exhibited the preference of m.tals for sand in the order Pb>Cr>Cu>Zn. The heavy m.tal-sand adsorption phenom.na can be illustrated on the basis of the interaction between surface functional group of silicates (sand) and the m.tal ions. It is deduced that sand can be used as a low cost adsorbent for the rem.val of heavy m.tal from.wastewater (containing low conc. of m.tals), especially in the developing countries.

关键词： sand heavy m.tals adsorption

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