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A comparative review of HLA associations with hepatitis Band C viral infections across global populations

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第12期13卷 1770-1787页

作者： Rashmi Singh Rashmi Kaul Anil Kaul khalid Khan Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Center of Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Tulsa OK 74107 United States Department of Pediatrics Division ofGastroenterology University of Minnesota United States

Hepatitis B （HBV） and hepatitis C （HCV） viral infection or co-infection leads to risk of development of chronic infection, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Immigration and globalization have added to the challenges of public health concerns regarding chronic HBV and HCV infections worldwide. The aim of this study is to review existing global literature across ethnic populations on HBV and HCV related human leukocyte antigen （HLA） associations in relation to susceptibility, viral persistence and treatment. Extensive literature search was conducted to explore the HLA associations in HBV and HCV infections reported across global populations over the past decade to understand the knowledge status, weaknesses and strengths of this information in different ethnic populations. HLA DR13 is consistently associated with HBV clearance globally. HLADRB1＊11/＊12 alleles and DQB1＊0301 are associated with HBV persistence but with HCV clearance worldwide. Consistent association of DRB1＊03 and ＊07 is observed with HCV susceptibility and non-responsiveness to HBV vaccination across the population. HLA DR13 is protective for vertical HBV and HCV transmission in Chinese and Italian neonates, but different alleles are associated with their susceptibility in these populations. HLA class I molecule interactions with Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptors （KIR） of natural killer （NK） cells modulate HCV infection outcome via regulating immune regulatory cells and molecules. HLA associations with HBV vaccination, interferon therapy in HBV and HCV, and with extra hepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis are also discussed. Systematic studies in compliance with global regulatory standards are required to identify the HLA specific viral epitope, stage specific T cell populations interacting with different HLA alleles during disease progression and viral clearance of chronic HBV or HCV infections among different ethnic populations. These studies would facilitate stage specific th

关键词： Human leukocyte antigen HBV persistence HCV persistence Interferon response to HBV and HCV HBV vaccination response

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Laser-induced etching parameters impact on optical properties of the silicon nanostructures

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第1期54卷 58-62页

作者： Asmiet RAMIZY Z.HASSAN khalid OMAR Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Technology Laboratory School of PhysicsUniversiti Sains Malaysia

Porous silicon (PS) was fabricated by laser-induced etching (LIE) process. The objective of this study is to investigate the selected LIE parameters to control size and shape of nanostructures,which are considered important factors in semiconductor device applications. Photoluminescence output intensity becomes stronger due to the increase in the number of emitted photons on the porous surface. There is a dramatic increase in photoluminescence intensity due to the increase of porosity as a function of laser power density. The increase in electrolyte concentration is an important parameter to accelerate the dissolution reaction on the interface layer between the electrolyte solution and wafer surface. PS spectra displayed a stronger Raman intensity than crystalline bulk Si;also the PS spectrum was shifted and broadened as a function of LIE parameters.

关键词： porous Si laser-induced etching nanostructure optical properties

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Aromatization of virgin olive oil by seeds of Pimpinella anisum using three different methods:Physico-chemical change and thermal stability of flavored oils

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2021年第3期4卷 108-124页

作者： Youssef Moustakime Zakaria Hazzoumi khalid Amrani Joutei Faculty of Science and Technology of Fez University of Sidi Mohamed Ben AbdellahFez 3000Morocco

Knowing that flavored products would increase the use of olive oil by non-traditional consumers and enhance the added value of this valuable agricultural product,the virgin olive oil(VOO)was flavored with the seeds of Pimpinella anisum(Green anise)using three different methods:classic maceration,ultrasonic assisted maceration and direct addition of the essential oil(EO).These methodswere compared under two main criteria:time and level of *** physico-chemical parameters and the thermal stability of flavored oils prepared by the three methods were determined by AOAC titration method and GC–MS analysis so as to compare the aromatization effect of the three *** trans-anethole is the major component of the EO of anise seeds as well as the indicator of the level of ***/MS analysis results of the flavored oils showed that the diffusion of trans-anethole in the flavored oil by direct addition of EO was very important(36.3%of the total volatile fraction of the flavored oil)in comparison to the oil flavored by ultrasonic assisted maceration or classic maceration(respectively 26.59%and 23.85%).These different aromatization methods ensure an improvement in the quality of VOO with an enrichment in polyphenols estimated at 35%in the case of ultrasonic flavored oil,an increase in the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls(67%and 21%respectively)in the event of aromatization by classic maceration,and a decrease in specific absorbency at 232 nmestimated at 29%during aromatization by addition of EO as well as a decrease in the peroxide value estimated at 26%in oil flavored by classic maceration unlike in oil flavored by ultrasoundwhich has seen an increase of around 20%.The aromatization was able to maintain the stability of the oils and its qualification as VOO with a gain in induction time in the case of treatment at 60℃ estimated at 29 and 27.5 d respectively in oils flavored by addition of EO and by conventional maceration,an improvement resist

关键词： Aromatization Virgin olive oil Essential oil of Pimpinella anisum Classic maceration Ultrasonic assisted maceration Thermal stability Phenolic compounds

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BotSward: Centrality Measures for Graph-Based Bot Detection Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 693-714页

作者： Khlood Shinan khalid Alsubhi M.Usman Ashraf Department of Computer Science College Computer Science in Al-LeithUmm Al-Qura UniversityMecca 21421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science GC Women University SialkotPakistan

The number of botnet malware attacks on Internet devices has grown at an equivalent rate to the number of Internet devices that are connected to the *** detection using machine learning(ML)with flow-based features has been extensively studied in the *** flow-based detection methods involve significant computational overhead that does not completely capture network communication patterns that might reveal other features ofmalicious ***,Graph-Based Bot Detection methods using ML have gained attention to overcome these limitations,as graphs provide a real representation of network *** purpose of this study is to build a botnet malware detection system utilizing centrality measures for graph-based botnet detection and *** propose BotSward,a graph-based bot detection system that is based on *** apply the efficient centrality measures,which are Closeness Centrality(CC),Degree Centrality(CC),and PageRank(PR),and compare them with others used in the *** efficiency of the proposed method is verified on the available Czech Technical University 13 dataset(CTU-13).The CTU-13 dataset contains 13 real botnet traffic scenarios that are connected to a command-and-control(C&C)channel and that cause malicious actions such as phishing,distributed denial-of-service(DDoS)attacks,spam attacks,*** is robust to zero-day attacks,suitable for large-scale datasets,and is intended to produce better accuracy than state-of-the-art *** proposed BotSward solution achieved 99%accuracy in botnet attack detection with a false positive rate as low as 0.0001%.

关键词： Network security botnet detection graph-based features machine learning measure centrality

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Fuzzy Genetic Sharing for Dynamic Optimization

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2012年第6期9卷 616-626页

作者： khalid Jebari Abdelaziz Bouroumi Aziz Ettouhami Conception and Systems Laboratory Faculty of SciencesMohammed V-Agdal University Modeling and Instrumentation Laboratory Ben Msik Faculty of SciencesHassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca University

Recently,genetic algorithms(GAs) have been applied to multi-modal dynamic optimization(MDO).In this kind of optimization,an algorithm is required not only to find the multiple optimal solutions but also to locate a dynamically changing *** fuzzy genetic sharing(FGS) approach is based on a novel genetic algorithm with dynamic niche sharing(GADNS).FGS finds the optimal solutions,while maintaining the diversity of the *** this,FGS uses several ***,an unsupervised fuzzy clustering method is used to track multiple optima and perform ***,a modified tournament selection is used to control selection ***,a novel mutation with an adaptive mutation rate is used to locate unexplored search *** effectiveness of FGS in dynamic environments is demonstrated using the generalized dynamic benchmark generator(GDBG).

关键词： Genetic algorithms unsupervised learning fuzzy clustering dynamic optimization evolutionary algorithms dynamic niche sharing Hill s diversity index multi-modal function optimization.

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Three-dimensional numerical simulation of a vertical axis tidal turbine using the two-way fluid structure interaction approach

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2013年第8期14卷 574-582页

作者： Syed-shah khalid Liang ZHANG Xue-wei ZHANG Ke SUN Deepwater Engineering Research Center Harbin Engineering University

The objective of this study was to develop, as well as validate the strongly coupled method (two-way fluid structural interaction (FSI)) used to simulate the transient FSI response of the vertical axis tidal turbine (VATT) rotor, subjected to spatially varying inflow. Moreover, this study examined strategies on improving techniques used for mesh deformation that account for large displacement or deformation calculations. The blade's deformation for each new time step is considered in transient two-way FSI analysis, to make the design more reliable. Usually this is not considered in routine one-way FSI simulations. A rotor with four blades and 4-m diameter was modeled and numerically analyzed. We observed that two-way FSI, utilizing the strongly coupled method, was impossible for a complex model; and thereby using ANSYS-CFX and ANSYS-MECHANICAL in work bench, as given in ANSYS-WORKBENCH, helped case examples 22 and 23, by giving an error when the solution was run. To make the method possible and reduce the computational power, a novel technique was used to transfer the file in ANSYS-APDL to obtain the solution and results. Consequently, the results indicating a two-way transient FSI analysis is a time- and resource-consuming job, but with our proposed technique we can reduce the computational time. The ANSYS STRUCTURAL results also uncover that stresses and deformations have higher values for two-way FSI as compared to one-way FSI. Similarly, fluid flow CFX results for two-way FSI are closer to experimental results as compared to one-way simulation results. Additionally, this study shows that, using the proposed method we can perform coupled simulation with simple multi-node PCs (core i5).

关键词： Vertical axis tidal turbine Renewable energy Two-way fluid structure interaction (FSI)

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Effect of chromium on growth attributes in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第12期20卷 1475-1480页

作者： FOZIA Andaleeb MUHAMMAD Anjum Zia MUHAMMAD Ashraf ZAFAR Mahmood khalid National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Agriculture Department of Botany University of Agriculture

Heavy metal soil pollution takes place when the metal concentration of soil exceeds natural background level and causes ecological destruction and deterioration of the *** the present study,a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chromium-contaminated soil in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)growth *** different levels of chromium(Cr)i.e.,20, 40,and 60 mg/kg were applied to three varieties of sunflower(G-3,G-9,and G-59).The results of morphological,chemical,and yield p...

关键词： Helianthus annuus L. soil chromium growth attributes

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GENERIC WARPED PRODUCT SUBMANIFOLDS OF LOCALLY CONFORMAL KEAHLER MANIFOLDS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第5期30卷 1457-1468页

作者： Nargis Jamal khalid Ali Khan Viqar Azam Khan Department of Mathematics Aligarh Muslim University School of Engineering and Logistics Faculty of TechnologyCharles Darwin University Department of Mathematics College of ScienceP.O.Box 80203King Abdul Aziz University

Warped product manifolds are known to have applications in physics. For instance, they provide an excellent setting to model space-time near a black hole or a massive star （cf. [9]）. The studies on warped product manifolds with extrinsic geometric point of view were intensified after the B.Y. Chen＇s work on CR-warped product submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds （cf. [6], [7]）. Later on, similar studies were carried out in the setting of 1.c.K. manifolds and nearly Kaehler manifolds （el. [3], [11]）. In the present article, we investigate a larger class of warped product submanifolds of 1.c.K. manifolds, ensure their existence by constructing an example of such manifolds and obtain some important properties of these submanifolds. With regard to the CR-warped product submanifold, a special case of generic warped product submanifolds, we obtain a characterization under which a CR-submanifold is reducesd to a CR-warped product submanifold.

关键词： warped product submanifold locally conformal Kaehler manifold generic submanifold

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HBV and HIV co-infection:Impact on liver pathobiology and therapeutic approaches

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第1期7卷 121-126页

作者： Mohammad khalid Parvez Department of Pharmacognosy King Saud University College of PharmacyRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

The consequences of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) co-infection on progression of severe liver diseases is a serious public health issue,worldwide. In the co-infection cases,about 90% of HIV-infected population is seropositive for HBV where approximately 5%-40% individuals are chronically infected. In HIV co-infected individuals,liverrelated mortality is estimated over 17 times higher than those with HBV mono-infection. The spectrum of HIVinduced liver diseases includes hepatitis,steatohepatitis,endothelialitis,necrosis,granulomatosis,cirrhosis andcarcinoma. Moreover,HIV co-infection significantly alters the natural history of hepatitis B,and therefore complicates the disease management. Though several studies have demonstrated impact of HIV proteins on hepatocyte biology,only a few data is available on interactions between HBV and HIV proteins. Thus,the clinical spectrum as well as the complexity of the co-infection offers challenging fronts to study the underlying molecular mechanisms,and to design effective therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiencyvirus Human immunodeficiency virus-hepatotropism Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virusco-infection Chronic hepatitis B Hepatopathogenesis

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Comparative analysis of CO_(2)emissions and economic performance in the United States and China:Navigating sustainable development in the climate change era

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 239-255页

作者： khalid Mehmood Syed Tauseef Hassan Xuchun Qiu Shahid Ali Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security School of the Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu 212013China Department of Trade and Finance Faculty of Economics and ManagementCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamycka 129PrahaZIP 16500Czechia School of Economics and Management Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Economic growth has brought a global climate change into the spotlight,and CO_(2)emissions demonstrate significant challenges in reducing environmental shifts ***,the United States and China contribute the largest amount of CO_(2)*** purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between different types of CO_(2)emissions and economic growth by using a modeling *** analyze total CO_(2)emissions,coal CO_(2)emissions,oil CO_(2)emissions,the global share of coal CO_(2)emissions,the global share of oil CO_(2)emissions,and economic *** study provides unique insights into how to simultaneously reduce CO_(2)emissions and sustain economic growth.A bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag(BARDL)simulation method is utilized to examine the long-and short-run effects of predictors on CO_(2)*** CO_(2)emissions are found to have a significant positive effect on economic growth in the short run but a negative impact on economic growth over the long run in the United *** United States needs to implement stronger measures to balance coal CO_(2)emissions with economic growth for sustainable *** contrast,oil CO_(2)emissions have positive effect for China in both the long run and short ***,China can continue to reduce CO_(2)emissions from oil while maintaining positive economic *** China’s policies promoting cleaner energy alternatives can be adapted and implemented to maintain a balance between economic growth and carbon *** study has valuable insights for policymakers seeking to balance economic growth with carbon reduction *** emphasizes the need to better understand the complex relationship between CO_(2)emissions and economic growth.

关键词： CO_(2)emission Sustainable development Climate change United States China BARDL

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