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Modulating microRNAs in cancer: next-generation therapies

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第3期19卷 289-304页

作者： Nahid Arghiani khalid Shah Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy(CSTI) Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Department of Neurosurgery Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenously expressed non-coding regulators of the genome with an ability to mediate a variety of biological and pathological processes.There is growing evidence demonstrating frequent dysregulation of microRNAs in cancer cells,which is associated with tumor initiation,development,migration,invasion,resisting cell death,and drug resistance.Studies have shown that modulation of these small RNAs is a novel and promising therapeutic tool in the treatment of a variety of diseases,especially cancer,due to their broad influence on multiple cellular processes.However,suboptimal delivery of the appropriate miRNA to the cancer sites,quick degradation by nucleases in the blood circulation,and off target effects have limited their research and clinical applications.Therefore,there is a pressing need to improve the therapeutic efficacy of miRNA modulators,while at the same time reducing their toxicities.Several delivery vehicles for miRNA modulators have been shown to be effective in vitro and in vivo.In this review,we will discuss the role and importance of miRNAs in cancer and provide perspectives on currently available carriers for miRNA modulation.We will also summarize the challenges and prospects for the clinical translation of miRNAbased therapeutic strategies.

关键词： MiRNAs dysregulation delivery systems cancer therapy clinical translation

Smart Bubble Sort:A Novel and Dynamic Variant of Bubble Sort Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4895-4913页

作者： Mohammad khalid Imam Rahmani College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In the present era,a very huge volume of data is being stored in online and offline databases.Enterprise houses,research,medical as well as healthcare organizations,and academic institutions store data in databases and their subsequent retrievals are performed for further processing.Finding the required data from a given database within the minimum possible time is one of the key factors in achieving the best possible performance of any computer-based application.If the data is already sorted,finding or searching is comparatively faster.In real-life scenarios,the data collected from different sources may not be in sorted order.Sorting algorithms are required to arrange the data in some order in the least possible time.In this paper,I propose an intelligent approach towards designing a smart variant of the bubble sort algorithm.I call it Smart Bubble sort that exhibits dynamic footprint:The capability of adapting itself from the average-case to the best-case scenario.It is an in-place sorting algorithm and its best-case time complexity isΩ(n).It is linear and better than bubble sort,selection sort,and merge sort.In averagecase and worst-case analyses,the complexity estimates are based on its static footprint analyses.Its complexity in worst-case is O(n2)and in average-case isΘ(n^(2)).Smart Bubble sort is capable of adapting itself to the best-case scenario from the average-case scenario at any subsequent stages due to its dynamic and intelligent nature.The Smart Bubble sort outperforms bubble sort,selection sort,and merge sort in the best-case scenario whereas it outperforms bubble sort in the average-case scenario.

关键词： Sorting algorithms smart bubble sort footprint dynamic footprint time complexity asymptotic analysis

Multi-Band Bandpass Filter Using Novel Topology for Next-Generation IoT Wireless Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 4819-4832页

作者： Muhammad Faisal Sohail khalid Departmnet of Electrical Engineering Riphah International UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

The design of single-and quad-band Bandpass Filter(BPF)topology has been presented in this paper for next-generation Internet of Things(IoT)devices.The main topology is constructed using the Split Ring Resonator(SRR),separated by the Anti-Parallel Coupled Line Structure(APCLS).A detailed analysis of APCLS has been presented,which is further used to construct the single-and quad-band BPF.The single-band BPF design consists of SRR loaded with APCLS.The developed single-band BPF displays a dual-mode response with a center frequency of 2.65 GHz and a measured fractional bandwidth of 17.17%.Moreover,a quad-band bandpass filter has been achieved using the same topology with minor modification in the SRR and APCLS electrical parameters.The developed quad-band BPF generates a dual-mode response having center frequencies of 1.2,2.4,3.5,and 4.7 GHz with the measured fractional bandwidth of 13%,26%,16%,and 5%,respectively.Two prototypes have been fabricated on the highfrequency substrate to validate the proposed topologies.Very high rejection in the stopbands region,little in-band insertion loss,and very selective passband have been measured for single-and quad-band BPFs.The measured and simulated results are well correlated.

关键词： Single-band BPF quad-band BPF anti-parallel coupled line structure split ring resonator internet of things

TWO DISJOINT AND INFINITE SETS OF SOLUTIONS FOR AN ELLIPTIC EQUATION INVOLVING CRITICAL HARDY-SOBOLEV EXPONENTS

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数学物理学报:B辑英文版 2023年第5期43卷 2061-2074页

作者： khalid BOUABID Rachid ECHARGHAOUI Mohssine EL MANSOUR Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKenitraB.P.133Morocco

In this paper,by an approximating argument,we obtain two disjoint and infinite sets of solutions for the following elliptic equation with critical Hardy-Sobolev exponents■whereΩis a smooth bounded domain in RN with 0∈?Ωand all the principle curvatures of?Ωat 0 are negative,a∈C1(Ω,R*+),μ>0,02(q+1)/(q-1).By2*:=2N/(N-2)and 2*(s):(2(N-s))/(N-2)we denote the critical Sobolev exponent and Hardy-Sobolev exponent,respectively.

关键词： Laplacien critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent critical Sobolev exponent infinitely many solutions Pohozaev identity

Assessment of the properties of polycrystalline rock salt synthesized under nominally dry and wet conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 311-320页

作者： Amirsalar Moslehy khalid Alshibli Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

Polycrystalline rock salt’s compression is a function of applied stresses,exposure duration to the applied stresses,ambient temperature,and water content.Rock salt’s compressional behavior under different conditions and its effects on the specimens’mechanical properties have been investigated in the literature.However,the one-dimensional(1D)compression behavior of polycrystalline rock salt at various water contents and how the specimen’s compression at different water contents further affects its physical and mechanical properties are not fully understood yet.In this study,polycrystalline rock salt specimens were prepared under nominally dry and wet conditions and some of the dry and wet specimens were annealed after the preparation.The relationship between the porosity of the specimens and the logarithm of the applied axial stresses during the 1D compression was found to follow a linear relationship after reaching unique critical porosities of 32%and 37%for the dry and wet specimens,respectively.Unloading and reloading the specimens did not result in any major changes in the porosity of the specimens.The specimens compressed under wet condition showed an average final porosity of 2.6%compared to 6.9%for the dry specimens.The dry and wet specimens that were annealed after the compression exhibited a lower porosity in comparison to the dry and wet specimens,respectively.Unconfined compression experiments on the specimens showed dry and wet specimens possess averaged unconfined compressive strengths(σ_(u))of 64.3 and 16.2 MPa,respectively.Annealing decreased σ_(u)of the dry specimens to 39.6 MPa and increased σ_(u)of the wet specimens to 41 MPa.

关键词： Halite Rock salt Unconfined compression One-dimensional(1D)compression

基于改进自适应阈值的医学超声图像分割方法研究

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基于改进自适应阈值的医学超声图像分割方法研究

作者： Sana khalid 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

超声医学图像的分割一直是计算机视觉领域一个具有挑战性的任务。目前文献中的分割方法主要包括传统的图像分割方法和基于深度学习的图像分割方法。由于有些超声医学图像样本量较少,难于利用需要大量样本的深度学习方法对图像进行分割;... 详细信息

超声医学图像的分割一直是计算机视觉领域一个具有挑战性的任务。目前文献中的分割方法主要包括传统的图像分割方法和基于深度学习的图像分割方法。由于有些超声医学图像样本量较少,难于利用需要大量样本的深度学习方法对图像进行分割;而在传统的图像分割方法中,有些方法需要手动调整参数来有效地分割超声医学图像中的目标。因此,利用自动参数选择方法来实现超声医学图像分割吸引了许多研究人员的关注。本文研究了从超声医学图像中自动提取感兴趣区域的方法,并改进了一种针对超声医学图像的自适应阈值分割方法。本文的主要工作有:(1)研究了一种基于目标区域面积检测的超声医学图像感兴趣区域自动提取方法。该方法在将超声医学图像转换为二值图像的基础上,通过检测目标区域的连通性,并估计多个目标区域的面积参数值,并根据面积参数值来迭代确定最大连通区域,从而提取出感兴趣的目标区域。多幅超声医学图像的实验结果进一步验证了该方法的可行性。(2)给出了一种基于改进自适应阈值的超声医学图像分割算法。该方法先讲从超声医学图像中提取的感兴趣区域转换为积分图像;然后,使用网格搜索方法找到最佳的自适应阈值分割参数,以对提取的感兴趣区域进行分割。并通过计算医疗专家对目标区域提取的结果与本文方法的分割结果之间的重叠区域,来评价目标分割的效果。与文献中分割方法相比,本文改进的方法具有更好的分割结果。

关键词：超声医学图像感兴趣区域积分图像网格搜索自适应阈值分割轮廓

Numerical simulation of compression corner flows at Mach number 9

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第6期33卷 1611-1624页

作者： Amjad APASHA khalid AJUHANY Department of Aerospace Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

A hypersonic vehicle encounters a wide range of conditions during its complete flight regime.These flight conditions may vary from low to high Mach numbers with varying angles of attack.The near-wall viscous dissipation associated with flows at combined high Mach and Reynolds numbers leads to significant wall heat transfer rates and shear stresses.The shock wave/boundary-layer interaction results in a flow separation region,which commonly augments total pressure losses in the flow and lowers the efficiency of aerodynamic control surfaces such as fins installed on a vehicle.The standard turbulence models,when used to resolve such flows,result in incorrect separation bubble size for large separated flows.Therefore,it results in an inaccurate aerodynamic load,such as the wall pressures,skin friction distribution,and heat transfer rate.In previous studies,the application of the shock-unsteadiness correction to the standard two-equation k-ωturbulence model improved the separation bubble size leading to an accurate pressure prediction and shock definition with the assumption of constant Prandtl number.In the present work,the new shock-unsteadiness modification to the k-ωturbulence model is applied to the hypersonic compression corner flows.This new model with variable Prandtl number is based on the model parameter,which depends upon the local density ratio.The computed wall pressures,heat flux and flow field are compared to the experimental data.A parametric study is carried out by varying compression deflection angles,free stream Reynolds number and wall temperatures to compute the flow field and wall data accurately,particularly in the shock boundary layer interaction region.The new shockunsteadiness modified k-ωmodel with variable Prandtl number shows an accurate prediction of initial pressure rise location,pressure distribution in the plateau region and heat flux in comparison to the standard k-ωmodel.

关键词： Boundary layer Expansion fan Heat transfer Hypersonic flows Separation length Shock-unsteadiness model Shock wave Turbulence model Turbulent Prandtl number

Numerical and experimental study of wave shaper effects on detonation wave front

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第1期14卷 45-50页

作者： khalid Naeem Arshad Hussain SCME (NUST) Islamabad Simulation Lab.Room 113 SCME NUST H-12 Campus SCME (NUST) H-12 Campus

In the current study, streak camera was used to find concentricity of the assembly during detonation,investigate and compare shock front within the high explosive and behavior of the shock front on the surface of the liner, one containing wave shaper and the other without wave shaper. Streaks revealed that the whole assembly was concentric till the formation of the jet. Observed streaks vindicate the uniform propagation of shock front in both the cases. Results obtained for shock front velocities are in agreement with those obtained from simulations. In the presence of wave shaper higher shock front velocity was observed both in simulation and experiment. Simulation without wave-shaper showed that shock front struck the copper cone at grazing angle while in the presence of wave-shaper it struck at an angle of 125.

关键词： Shock front Streak camera Simulation Wave shaper

Ahmadea dalanensis gen.and sp.nov.,an edible truffle from Pakistan

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 452-461页

作者： Aman N Khalid AN Moncalvo JM Department of Botany University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoONCanada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Ahmadea,a monotypic truffle genus is described morphologically and its position in the family Pezizaceae(Pezizales,Ascomycota)is inferred from the phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences obtained from the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene(LSU).Its type species,A.dalanensis,is found in arid and semi-arid regions of Punjab,Pakistan,often occurring in Sorghum vulgare crop fields where it has been known for its edibility for ages.Relationships of Ahmadea with the related truffle genera Stouffera Kovács&Trappe,Temperantia K.Hansen,Healy&Kovács,Hydnobolites Tul.&C.Tul.and Delastria Tul.&C.Tul.are discussed in this paper.

关键词： Ascomycota ITS paralogues LSU Pezizaceae Pezizales Sorghum Taxonomy