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Refinement and estimation of asphalt flow number using partial load history

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第1期9卷 120-133页

作者： M.A.Dalhat khaleel al-adham Hamad I.al-Abdul Wahhab Arshad Jamal Department of Transportation and Traffic Engineering College of EngineeringImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia

The effect of tertiary flow length on asphalt concrete(AC) flow number(FN) has been studied in this paper. The standard FN test(AASHTO T378) designated by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO) is currently among the widely adopted test for assessing the rutting performance of AC mixtures. The standard adopts the Fracken model(FM) for fitting the permanent deformation curve(PDC), prior to FN estimation. The FN was observed to vary as tertiary flow progresses. The FM, along with other PDC models(MFM-1 and MFM-2) obtained by modifying the FM, was utilized to analyze and minimized this variation. Variation of FN resulted because of mathematization of the PDC data. Instead of representing the actual initiating point of permanent shear deformation of the strain data, estimated values of FN were observed to indicate the inflection points of the fitted parent curve. As per standard FN range suggested by AASHTO T378, the observed variation in FN leads to the situation, where a single asphalt mix specimen can be regarded as appropriate for two different traffic levels, depending on the tertiary flow point at which the test is terminated. Supplementary steps in the FN estimation methods were proposed for refinement of FN values. For the refinement and further standardization of FN value and FN test respectively, FN:T(flow number to test duration ratio) has been recognized as the key and most simple solution. Two potential options for employing FN:T in the estimation of FN have also been highlighted. Several important correlations have been reported herein as well. Comparatively, MFM-1 was found to be more robust in FN:T curve utilization than MFM-2 and FM.

关键词： Road engineering HMA Permanent deformation Flow number Francken model Tertiary flow

Assessment of the impact of a 10-MW grid-tied solar system on the Libyan grid in terms of the power-protection system stability

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 389-407页

作者： Feras alasali Abdelaziz Salah Saidi Naser El-Naily Othman alsmadi Mohamed khaleel Ibrahim Ghirani Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe Hashemite UniversityPO Box 330127Zarqa 13133Jordan Department of Electrical Engineering King Khalid UniversityAbha PO Box 394Abha City 61411Saudi Arabia Universitéde Tunis El Manar Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de TunisLaboratoire des SystèmesÉlectriquesTunisie Electrical Engineering Department College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-BenghaziBenghaziLibya Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringThe University of JordanAmmanJordan Aeronautical Engineering Department College of Civil Aviation MisrataLibya

The energy market in Libya is expected to face substantial changes in the next few years:electrical energy consumption will increase by 50% within the next 4 ***,there is a plan to gradually increase renewable energy sources in the power network by 2030 to 30%.Solar photovoltaic(PV)plants will play a significant role in the energy transition and the mix of energy sources in *** article is a study conducted to investigate the challenges of power-flow management and power protection from integrating PV power plants into the Libyan power *** particular,a simulation model is built for the Kufra PV power plant(10 MW)with eight buses to assess the power network performance in terms of power quality such as voltage profile,power losses and ***,the impact of the PV plant on the short-circuit level and the power-protection system is presented under different operating *** fault ride-through(FRT)is operated using standard ambient temperature and a wide range of irradiation intensity,and is verified by using the Libyan grid *** results show that the integration of the PV plant into the grid has a significant impact on the short-circuit level and the FRT over the different fault levels and locations on the *** initial period of the three-phase fault shows that the PV plant will be disconnected from the grid due to a decrease in the root mean square value voltages where the reactive and active power of the grid reach 938 MVAR and 261 MW,*** results show that increasing the fault level will lead to an increase in injecting the active *** work is considered the first extensive investigation into the challenges of modern power-flow management and power protection for the power network system in Libya.

关键词： photovoltaic renewable energy sources power protection voltage profile fault ride-through

Enhanced catalytic complete oxidation of 1,2-dichloroethane over mesoporous transition metal-doped γ-al_2O_3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 199-209页

作者： Abbas khaleel Muhammad Nawaz Department of Chemistry United Arab Emirates University

High-surface-area mesoprous powders of γ-al2O3 doped with Cu^2＋, Cr^3＋, and V^3＋ ions were prepared uia a modified sol-gel method and were investigated as catalysts for the oxidation of chlorinated organic compounds. The composites retained high surface areas and pore volumes comparable with those of undoped γ-al2O3 and the presence of the transition metal ions enhanced their surface acidic properties. The catalytic activity of the prepared catalysts in the oxidation of 1,2-dichloroethane （DCE） was studied in the temperature range of 250-400℃. The catalytic activity and product selectivity were strongly dependent on the presence and the type of dopant ion. While Cu^2＋- and Cr^3＋-containing catalysts showed 100% conversion at 300℃ and 350℃, V3＋-containing catalyst showed considerably lower conversion. Furthermore, while the major products of the reactions over γ-alumina were vinyl chloride （C2H3Cl） and hydrogen chloride （HCl） at all temperatures, Cu- and Cr-doped catalysts showed siguiticantly stronger capability for deep oxidation to CO2.

关键词： Chlorinated organic compounds Catalytic oxidation Sol-gel method Mixed metal oxides

Catalytic upgrading of bio-oil from halophyte seeds into transportation fuels

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第4期8卷 444-460页

作者： Labeeb ali Toyin Shittu Mohamed Shafi Kuttiyathil Ayesha alam Muhammad Z.Iqbal Abbas khaleel Kaushik Sivaramakrishnan Mohammednoor altarawneh Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Integrative Agriculture United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Chemistry United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates

Because of socioeconomic considerations,wide-scale production of biofuel necessitates the utilization of nonedible biomass feedstock that does not compete for land and fresh water *** this regard,Salicornia bigelovii(SB)is the most investigated halophyte *** high oil content in SB seeds has sparked mounting research that aims to utilize SB as an industrial crop in the production of bio-oil,particularly in coastal areas where these plants ***,the oil extracted from the pyrolysis of raw SB seeds is largely dominated by oxygenated fatty acids,most notably 9,12-octadecadienoic acid and 9,17-octadecadienal,typical to that of other *** pyrolysate bio-oil of the raw SB seeds exhibited a relative yield of oxygenated compounds that decreased from 57.05%at 200℃to 9.81%at 500℃,and the relative yield of nitrogenated compounds increased from 4.86%at 200℃to 21.97%at 500℃.To improve the quality of the produced bio-oil,herein we investigated the catalytic hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of the fragments that were produced from the thermal degradation of SB seeds.A 5%Ni–CeO_(2)catalyst was prepared and characterized by a wide array of methods X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,temperature programmed reduction,scanning electron microscope,BrunauerEmmett-Teller analysis,and thermogravimetric *** catalytic run was executed between 200 and 500℃in a flow *** deployed catalytic methodology displayed a profound HDO *** 400℃,for instance,the gas chromatography mass spectroscopy(GC–MS)detected loads of paraffin and aromatic compounds exists at appreciable values of 48.0%and 28.5%,*** a total relative yield of 43.2%(at 400℃),C8–C15 species(i.e.,jet fuel fractions)were the most abundant species in the upgraded SB *** release of H_(2),CO,CO_(2),and CH_(4)was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using gas chromatography thermal conductivity detector and Fourier infrared spectroscopic *** the Ni

关键词： Salicornia bigelovii Bio-oil Hydrodeoxygenation Catalytic upgrading Transportation fuel Reaction mechanism

Quantitative Comparison of Calcium Hydroxide Removal by EndoActivator, Ultrasonic and ProTaper File Agitation Techniques: An in vitro Study

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2013年第1期33卷 142-145页

作者： Huda Yasir khaleel Ahmed Jawad al-Ashaw 杨焰逄爱慧马净植 Department of Stomatology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Conservative Department College of DentistryMosul University

Calcium hydroxide （CH） dressing residues can compromise endodontic sealing. This study aimed to evaluate the amount of remaining CH in root canals after mechanical removal by four groups of irrigation techniques including needle irrigation only, ProTaper file, EndoActivator, and ultrasonic file. Fifteen extracted single-rooted teeth were collected and used for all four groups. The samples were firstly prepared by ProTaper rotary instruments, and then sectioned longitudinally through the long axis of the root canals, followed by final reassembling by wires. CH was kept in the canals for 7 days setting. The removal procedure began with 5 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite （NaOC1） followed by 1 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and a final irrigation with 5 mL of 2.5% NaOC1 solution for all groups. No additional agitation of the irrigant was performed in group 1, while agitation for 20 s be- tween irrigants was done with F2 ProTaper rotary file in group 2, EndoActivator with tip size 25/.04 in group 3 and by an ultrasonic file 25/.02 in group 4. The total activation time was 60 s. The roots were then disassembled and captured by digital camera. The ratio of CH coated surface area to the surface area of the whole canal as well as each third of the canal was calculated. The data were statistically ana- lyzed by one-way ANOVA using post hoc Tukey test. Results showed that none of the four techniques could remove all CH. No significant difference was found between EndoActivator and ultrasonic tech- niques. However, they both removed significantly more CH than ProTaper and needle irrigation （P=0.0001）. In conclusion, the sonic and ultrasonic agitation techniques were more effective in removing intracanal medicaments than the ProTaper rotary file and needle irrigation in all thirds of the canal.

关键词： calcium hydroxide removal irrigation ProTaper EndoActivator ultrasonic

Chertsey Outcome Score for Trauma： Development and validation of a new unifying patient reported outcome measure for orthopaedic trauma

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2017年第6期20卷 329-332页

作者： Efthymios Iliopoulos Sujit Agarwal Arshad khaleel The Rowley Bristow Unit Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Chertsey United Kingdom

PurposeLately 有在 orthopaedics 并且在另外的医药特长把耐心的报导结果措施(舞会) 用作许多外科的治疗的结果的最后的指示物的一个增加的趋势。当前在 orthopaedics 有许多结果分数，他们中的大多数是地点特定。在里面矛盾有特定的结... 详细信息

PurposeLately 有在 orthopaedics 并且在另外的医药特长把耐心的报导结果措施(舞会) 用作许多外科的治疗的结果的最后的指示物的一个增加的趋势。当前在 orthopaedics 有许多结果分数，他们中的大多数是地点特定。在里面矛盾有特定的结果 *** 设计了的损伤的缺乏特别为整形外科的损伤病人的一个新舞会，以便在在什么程度，病人设法回到他们的损害前状态测量。这个分数把病人的损害前地位用作基线并且有目的为 60 Chertsey 结果分数的任何 *** 总数在治疗以后决定康复的百分比因为损伤(费用) 问询表在我们的门诊病人部门被聚集。参加者是 57% 男性(46.81 年 ?慨楢吗？？

关键词：耐心的报导结果措施调查和问询表损害严厉 20

Novel Approach to Data Encryption Based on Matrix Computations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1139-1153页

作者： Rosilah Hassan Selver Pepic Muzafer Saracevic khaleel Ahmad Milan Tasic Centre for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKMBangi SelangorMalaysia Technical Machine School of Professional Studies Radoja Krstića 19Trstenik37240Serbia University of Novi Pazar Dimitrija Tucovića bbNovi Pazar36300Serbia Maulana Azad National Urdu University HyderabadTelangana500032India University of Nis Višegradska 33Niš18106Serbia

In this paper,we provide a new approach to data encryption using generalized *** is based on the implementation of weighted Moore–Penrose inverse A y MNenxmT over the nx8 constant *** square Hermitian positive definite matrix N8x8 p is the *** proposed solution represents a very strong key since the number of different variants of positive definite matrices of order 8 is *** have provided NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology)quality assurance tests for a random generated Hermitian matrix(a total of 10 different tests and additional analysis with approximate entropy and random digression).In the additional testing of the quality of the random matrix generated,we can conclude that the results of our analysis satisfy the defined strict *** proposed MP encryption method can be applied effectively in the encryption and decryption of images in multi-party *** the experimental part of this paper,we give a comparison of encryption methods between machine learning *** learning algorithms could be compared by achieved results of classification concentrating on *** a comparative analysis,we give results of classifying of advanced encryption standard(AES)algorithm and proposed encryption method based on Moore–Penrose inverse.

关键词： Security data encryption matrix computations cloud computing machine learning

Techno-economic analysis of the Li-ion batteries and reversible fuel cells as energy-storage systems used in green and energy-efficient buildings

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Clean Energy 2021年第2期5卷 273-287页

作者： Ahmad Mayyas Assia AChadly Iman khaleel Maher Maalouf Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu DhabiUAE

Green buildings have become broadly adopted in commercial and residential sectors with the objective of minimizing environmental impacts through reductions in energy usage and water usage and,to a lesser extent,minimizing environmental disturbances from the building *** this paper,we develop and discuss a techno-economic model for a green commercial building that is 100%powered by a photovoltaic(PV)system in stand-alone configuration.A medium-sized office building in El Paso,TX was modelled to rely on a photovoltaic system to supply all of its electricity needs either directly from the PV system or through an energy-storage system(ESS)using Li-ion batteries(LIBs)or reversible fuel cells(RFCs).Cost results show that a 400-kW PV system can generate electricity at a cost of 2.21 cents/kWh in El Paso,TX and the average levelized cost of energy storage(LCOS)using 450-kW RFC is~31.3 cents/kWh,while this could reach as low as 25.5 cents/kWh using a small LIB *** the RFC provides the flexibility required to meet building-energy demand,LIBs may not be able to meet building needs unless the storage size is increased substantially,which in turn incurs more energy-storage cost,making LIBs less favourable from an economic *** analysis revealed that capital cost,discount rate and expected system lifetime play key roles in shaping the LCOS in both systems.

关键词： green-building energy-storage systems fuel cell hydrogen Li-ion batteries reversible fuel cells

Phase-field modeling of void evolution and swelling in materials under irradiation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第5期54卷 856-865页

作者： HENAGER Charles H Jr khaleel Mohammad Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA

Void swelling is an important phenomenon observed in both nuclear fuels and cladding materials in operating nuclear reactors. In this work we develop a phase-field model to simulate void evolution and void volume change in irradiated materials. Important material processes, including the generation of defects such as vacancies and self-interstitials, their diffusion and annihilation, and void nucleation and evolution, have been taken into account in this model. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties, such as chemical free energy, interfacial energy, vacancy mobility, and annihilation rate of vacancies and interstitials, are expressed as a function of temperature and/or defect concentrations in a general manner. The model allows for parametric studies of critical void nucleus size, void growth kinetics, and void volume fraction evolutions. Our simulations demonstrated that void swelling displays a quasi-bell shape distribution with temperature often observed in experiments.

关键词：相场模型包壳材料孔隙演化肿胀生长动力学照射演变化学自由能