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Use of a calibrated SWAT model to evaluate the effects of agricultural BMPs on sediments of the Kalaya river basin (North of Morocco)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第2期7卷 176-183页

作者： Harnza Briak Rachid Mrabet Rachid Moussadek khadija aboumaria Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques(FST)Abdelmalek Essaadi UniversityPostal Box 41690000 TangierMorocco Department of Environment and Natural Resources Scientific DivisionNational Institute for Agricultural Research(INRA)Postal Box 41510000 RabatMorocco

Soil erosion from agricultural fields is a worldwide problem,to influence water quality,soil fertility and reservoir sedimentation especially in Mediterranean countries such as Morocco.In fact,this work assesses the effects of Best Management Practices (BMPs) on sediments using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the Kalaya watershed in Northem Morocco,to recommend the most appropriate practice.This study is based on the use of three most usable practices:contouring,stripcropping and terracing,by the calibrated SWAT model.The general parameters of the model have been modified to reflect the implementation of different agricultural BMPs used.Resulting sediment yield were compared with the baseline scenario,for validation.However,the effective measures to reduce sediment losses at the watershed level are organized according to their effectiveness,and these are terracing (28% reduction and the value is 15t/ha/yr) followed by strip-cropping (9% reduction and the value is 5t/ha/yr).In contrast,measurements performed by the contouring are inappropriate for the study area because they have contributed to increasing the soil erosion (more than 31% of losses and the value is 17t/ha/yr more than existing conditions).Therefore,the model illustrates that the terrace is effective for reducing sediment losses and limiting soil erosion especially on steep slopes.Thus,the results provide useful information for targeted management in order to implement the most effective agricultural BMPs in the watershed.

关键词： Modeling Agricultural BMPs Sediment SWAT Kalaya river basin North Morocco

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Assessing sediment yield in Kalaya gauged watershed(Northern Morocco)using GIS and SWAT model

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第3期4卷 177-185页

作者： Hamza Briak Rachid Moussadek khadija aboumaria Rachid Mrabet Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques(FST)Abdelmalek Essaadi UniversityPostal Box 41690000 TangierMorocco Department of Environment and Natural Resources Scientific DivisionNational Institute for Agricultural Research(INRA)Postal Box 41510000 RabatMorocco

An efficient design for erosion-control structures of any watershed in the world is entrusted with the delicate forecasting of sediment yields.These outlook yields are usually inferred by extrapolations from past observations.Because runoff,as the transporting vehicle,is more closely correlated with sediment yields than any other variable.So,calibration as well as validation of process-based hydrological models are two major processes while estimating the sediment yield in watershed.The actual survey is fulfilled with the aim of developing a trustworthy hydrologic model simulating stream flow discharge and sediment concentration with least uncertainty among the parameters picked out for calibration so as to verify the effect of the scenarios on the spatial distribution of sediment yield(sediments transported from sub-basins to the main channel during the step of time).Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT,version 2012)model integrated with Geographic Information System(GIS,version 10.1)was used to simulate the stream flow and sediment concentration of Kalaya catchment situated in north of Morocco for the period from 1971 to 1993.Model calibration and validation were performed for monthly time periods using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting 2(SUFI-2,version 2)within SWAT-CUP using 16 parameters.Our calibration outputs for monthly simulation for the period from 1976 to 1984 showed a good model performance for flow rates with NSE and PBIAS values of 0.76 and11.80,respectively;also a good model performance for sediment concentration with NSE and PBIAS values of 0.69 and 7.12,respectively.Nonetheless,during validation period(1985–1993)for monthly time step,the NSE and PBIAS values were 0.67 and14.44,respectively for flow rates and these statistical values were 0.70 and 15.51,respectively for sediment concentration;which also means a good model performance for both.Following calibration,the inclusive effect of each parameter used was ranked using global sensitivity function in SWAT-CUP.From our analysis,the effective hydr

关键词： Erosion-control SWAT model Simulation Watershed Northern Morocco

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