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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 421-434页

作者： moussa Sawadogo Déthie sarr Oustasse A. Sall Dpartement de Gotechnique L2m UFR Sciences de lIngnieur Universit Iba Der THIAM de This This Sngal Dpartement de Gnie-Civil UFR Sciences de lIngnieur Universit Iba Der THIAM de This This Sngal

This study presents various approaches to calculating the bearing capacity of spread footings applied to the rock mass of the western corniche at the tip of the Dakar peninsula. The bearing capacity was estimated using empirical, analytical and numerical approaches based on the parameters of the rock mass and the foundation. Laboratory tests were carried out on basanite, as well as on the other facies detected. The results of these studies give a range of allowable bearing capacity values varying between 1.92 and 11.39 mPa for the empirical methods and from 7.13 to 25.50 mPa for the analytical methods. A wide dispersion of results was observed according to the different approaches. This dispersion of results is explained by the use of different rock parameters depending on the method used. The allowable bearing capacity results obtained with varying approaches of calculation remain admissible to support the loads. On the other hand, the foundation calculations show acceptable settlement of the order of a millimeter for all the layers, especially in the thin clay layers resting on the bedrock at shallow depths, where the rigidity of the rock reduces settlement.

关键词： Peninsula of Dakar Bearing Capacity Basanites Rock mass Spread Footings

Comparative Study between Dielectric Properties and Compaction Parameters: Case Study on Three Laterite Quarries

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第8期14卷 746-759页

作者： Cheikh Diallo Diene Sabou sarr Abdoulaye Cissé mapathé Ndiaye Laboratoire de Gophysique UFR Sciences de lIngnieur University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal Laboratoire de modlisation et de mcanique des Sols UFR Sciences de lIngnieur University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal

This work studies the variability of the relationship between relative permittivity and compaction parameters as a function of certain geotechnical properties for different laterite types. This study allows to purpose the dielectric permittivity as a third compaction parameter allowing to obtain a non destructive control méthod. Preliminary studies on Diack laterite had shown a good correlation. Additional investigations are carried out to verify the possibility of generalizing this correlation to three new laterite careers: Ngoudiane, Yéba and Fandene. To proceed, particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, specific weight tests and compaction according to the modified Proctor test were performed on laterite samples. Using the radar method, experimental permittivities are determined for laterite samples by the point method of propagation times and confirmed by the diffraction hyperbole method. The geotechnical and radar data obtained allowed correlations between permittivity and water content on the one hand and between permittivity and dry density on the other. The results show that the maximum dry density as a function of permittivity corresponds with the optimum Proctor, which confirms the results previously obtained on Diack laterite.

关键词： Radar Laterite moisture Content Dry Density Permittivity Geotechnical Properties

Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 83-92页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril Duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed m. Elloué Nestor Engone sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie moses Otomo Patricks Voua molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (LabmC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Community Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UmRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon mIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France mERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development Pan-African funding initiatives

Stochastic Simulation of Saline Intrusion in the Coastal Aquifer of Saloum, Senegal

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第8期15卷 863-873页

作者： Seyni Ndoye Amadou sarr mathieu Le Coz Cheikh Becaye Gaye moumtaz Razack Philippe Le Coustumer Laboratoire Eau-Energie-Environnement-Procds industriels (LE3PI) Ecole Suprieure Polytechnique Universit Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar Sngal Dpartement de Gologie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP Universit de Poitiers Poitiers France Bordeaux Imaging Center CNRS UAR3420-INSERM US4 Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux France

In the Saloum region of central-western Senegal, water needs are essentially met by tapping an underground aquifer associated with the sandy-clay formations of the Continental Terminal, in contact with both the ocean to the west and the highly saline waters of the Saloum River to the north. In this estuarine and deltaic zone with its very low relief, the hydraulic loads in the water tables are generally close to zero or even negative, creating a reversal of the natural flow and encouraging saline intrusion into this system, which makes it very vulnerable. This study concerns the implementation of a numerical model of saline intrusion to provide a better understanding of the vulnerability of the water table by analyzing the variability of the freshwater/saltwater interface. The modflow-2005 code is used to simulate saline intrusion using the SWI2 module, coupled with the GRASS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) software under the Linux operating system with the steep interface approach. The probable expansion of the wedge is studied in three scenarios, taking into account its position relative to the bedrock at 1 m, 5 m and 10 m. Simulations carried out under imposed potential and river conditions, based on variations in groundwater reserves using two effective porosity values, 10−1 and 10−2, show that the water table is highly vulnerable in the northwest sector. The probable expansion of the wedge increases as the storage coefficient decreases and is more marked with river conditions in the areas surrounding the Saloum River, reaching 6 km with a probability of 1. The probability of the wedge reaching a certain degree of expansion decreases from 1 to 0.5, and then cancels out as it moves inland. The probable position of the wedge is limited to 500 m or even 1 km depending on the corner around the coast to the southwest and in the southern zone. This modelling, carried out under natural conditions, will be developed further, taking into account climatic p

关键词： Saline Intrusion Stochastic modelling modflow SWI2 Grass GIS Aquifer Saloum Senegal

Evaluation of the Care of Children Aged 0 to 10 Years Hospitalized for Severe malaria at the Tambacounda Health Center, Senegal

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 581-594页

作者： Tidiane Gadiaga Aminata Fall Alioune Badara Gueye Siré Sagna Bayal Cissé mouhamadou Faly Ba médoune Ndiop Babacar Gueye Samba Cor sarr Sylla Thiam Elhadji Ba Konko Ciré Jean Louis Abdou Ndiaye Issa Wone Directorate of Research Planning and Statistics Ministry of Health and Social Action Dakar Senegal Faculty of medicine Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Presidents malaria Initiative USAID Dakar Senegal Tambacounda Health District Ministry of Health and Social Action Tambacounda Senegal Institute of Health and Development Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal National malaria Control Program (NmCP) Dakar Senegal UFR Sant Faculty of Medicine Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal

Introduction: malaria remains a public health priority in Senegal, particularly in Tambacounda, where it is one of the main causes of child mortality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the care of children under 10 years of age hospitalized at the Tambacounda Health Center and the factors associated with recovery. methods: An analytical, retrospective, and descriptive cross-sectional study with exhaustive recruitment of children 0 to 120 months hospitalized at the Tambacounda reference health center for severe malaria (according to WHO criteria) between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2021 was performed. Data collection was done through a questionnaire. Records, hospitalization records, and treatment records were the sources of collection. Data entry and analysis were performed on Epi Info 7.2 and R. Results: A total of 481 children hospitalized with severe malaria were recruited. The highest number of cases was recorded in 2018 (33.05%). In the four years of the study, peaks were always observed between October and November and the highest peak in November 2020 with 95 cases. The mean age was 65.64 months with a standard deviation of 29.28 months and a predominance of male (53.43%). The majority of people were admitted from the outpatient clinic (57.79%) and the rest (42.21%) on the recommendation of a peripheral health post. All hospitalized patients had a positive RDT and/or a positive thick drop. However, the sharp decline at admission or during hospitalization was positive in 93.80% of patients in our series, negative in 5.20% and not achieved in 1.00%. Seizures and severe anemia topped the list of signs of severity with 45.94% and 8.11%, respectively. In terms of evolution, for all hospitalized patients, there were 81.29% recovery, 10.19% referral to the Tambacounda regional hospital center for hospitalization, 4.99% death, 0.83% discharge and 2.70% unknown evolution. There was a statistically significant association between recovery without referral f

关键词： Severe malaria Children Tambacounda Senegal

Survey on Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the Dakar Region

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Journal of Diabetes mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 122-132页

作者： Djiby Sow Nafy Ndiaye mouhamed Yakham Leye Fulgence A. Faye michel Assane Ndour marie Joseph Gomis Fall Ndiouga mouhamed Dieng Boundia Djiba Houleye Saou Ibrahima m. Diallo Demba Diédhiou Anna sarr mbaye maimouna Ndour Abdoulaye Leye Clinique mé dicale II Centre Hospitalier Abass Ndao UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Internal medicine and Endocrinology Centre Hospitalier Pikine Dakar Senegal Department of medicine Faculty of Health and Sustainable Development Alioune Diop University of Bambey Bambey Senegal

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases constitute a major public health problem, due to their morbi-mortality. The aim was to study knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors among residents of Dakar. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Our investigations were recruited over a six-month period (October 17, 2021 to march 21, 2022). Results: Two hundred and twenty-six (226) patients were enrolled. The mean age was 45.9 years. The under-40 age group was the most represented with 37.2%. There were 129 men (57.1%), giving a male/female sex ratio of 1.33. The highest level was represented by 159 people (70.4%). Those who responded (heart disease) were in the majority (38.1%). Hypertension was the most common CVD for 101 people (44.7%). One hundred and ninety (190) people (84%) knew the risk factors for CVD. Good knowledge of risk factors concerned 103 people (54.2%). Obesity was the best-known risk factor in 156 cases (69%). The media was the most important source of information for 121 people (53.5%). Hypertensives were the most represented with 8.4%. One hundred and thirty (130) people (57.5%) had previously paid attention to these FDRCVs. Awareness campaigns were the most effective means of communication for 170 cases (75.2%). Sixteen (16) people (35.6%) were taking antihypertensive medication. Walking was the most popular physical activity for 102 people (45%). People with a balanced diet were in the majority, with 174 respondents (77.0%). Conclusion: NCDs are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is essential to develop and implement a prevention and management program.

关键词： Hypertension Diabetes Risk Factors Senegal

Diabetic macroangioapathy at the Internal medicine Department of the Abass Ndao Hospital Center (About 359 Cases)

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Journal of Diabetes mellitus 2024年第1期14卷 1-12页

作者： Sow Djiby Djiba Boundia Ndour michel Assane Diedhiou Demba Dieng mouhamed Diallo Ibrahima mané Fall Ndiouga Gueye Khoudia Gadji Fatou Kiné sarr Anna Diop Said Nourou Ndour mbaye maimouna Department of Internal medicine and medical Specialties H&#244pital Abass Ndao Dakar Senegal

Introduction: macroangiopathy plays an important role, with a high prevalence of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The aim was to study the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of macroangiopathy in diabetic patients in the internal medicine department of the Abass Ndao hospital. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Our investigations were recruited over a 7-year period (January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2022). Results: Three hundred and fifty-nine (359) patients (10.22%) were enrolled. The mean age was 62.83 years, with extremes ranging from 17 to 98 years. The [60 - 69] age group was more representative (37.32%). Women accounted for 180 cases (50.1%), with a sex ratio (m/f) of 0.99. The average duration of diabetes was 11.86 years. Average consultation time was 38.07 days, with extremes ranging from 1 to 368 days. Average hospital stay was 7.65 days. Inaugural diabetes was noted in 12 cases (3.34%). Type 2 diabetes accounted for 95.82% (n = 344) of patients. Hypertension was present in 150 patients (41.8%). Patients with 2 risk factors accounted for 173 cases (48.18%). Nineteen patients had already had a stroke (5.29% of cases). Fourteen (14) patients (4.2%) were amputees. Obliterative arteriopathy of the lower limbs (AOmI) was noted in 193 patients (54%). Stroke was noted in 101 patients (28%). Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was noted in 38 patients (11%). AOmI was more common in males (110 patients, 57%) than in females (43%). Seventy-three (73) patients (20.3%) died. Predictors of death were age over 60 and the existence of more than two cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: Diabetic macroangiopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The development and implementation of a prevention and management program is essential.

关键词： macroangiopathy Diabetes Risk Factors Senegal

Profile of Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathies at the medical Clinic II of the Abass Ndao Hospital: About 40 Cases

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Open Journal of Internal medicine 2024年第1期14卷 74-82页

作者： michel Assane Ndour Djiby Sow mouhamed Dieng Ibrahima mané Diallo Boundia Djiba mélaine Honorine Olympio Julie Borges Preira muriel Diembou Fatou Kiné Gadji Fama Ndiaye El Hadj mamadou moussa Thioye Charles Halim Demba Diédhiou Anna sarr maïmouna Ndour mbaye Abass Ndao Hospital Internal Medicine Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Internal Medicine Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Autoimmune polyendocrinopathies (AP) represent a group of rare concomitant pathologies, making them underdiagnosed. The objective was to study their profile at the medical Clinic II of the Abass Ndao Hospital. Patients and methods: This was an observational, descriptive and analytical study, lasting 24 months, from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. We assessed the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the patients and classified the APs found. Results: We included 40 patients divided into type III (38 cases) and IV (2 cases). A female predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 0.21. The mean age was 38.6 years. A family history of component diseases of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS) was found in 62.5%. Goiter (80%) was the main clinical sign present. All 38 patients with ISAP-3 had autoimmune thyroiditis, including 29 cases of Graves’ disease (72.5%) and 9 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (22.5%). They were associated with either type 1 diabetes (57.9%), Biermer’s disease (21.1%), vitiligo + alopecia (18.4%), lupus (2.6%). The 2 patients with AP-4 had Biermer’s disease associated with either Addison’s disease or type 1 diabetes. management depended on the pathologies present and their possible complications. The immunological phenomena were also controlled. Conclusion: This series is globally similar to the literature. The polymorphous character of the clinical pictures requires a better collaboration between specialists leading to a clinical and holistic synthesis.

关键词： APS Biermer Graves’ Disease Hashimoto’s Addison’s Vitiligo Senegal

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolutionary Profile of Type 1 Diabetics in the Internal medicine Department of the Abass Ndao Hospital from 2010 to 2021 (about 659 Cases)

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Journal of Diabetes mellitus 2024年第1期14卷 69-79页

作者： Sow Djiby Djiba Boundia Ndour michel Assane Diedhiou Demba Dieng mouhamed Diallo Ibrahima mané Ndiaye Rama Saou Houleye Fall Ndiouga Ndiaye matar Gadji Fatou Kiné sarr Anna Diop Said Nourou Ndour mbaye maimouna Department of Internal medicine and medical Specialties Hospital Abass Ndao Dakar Sénéga

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes can have acute complications, sometimes requiring hospitalization. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of type 1 diabetes in patients at the Abass Ndao National Hospital in Dakar. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted from January 01, 2010 to December 31, 2021. It focused on hospitalized type 1 diabetic patients. Epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary data were evaluated. Results: Six hundred and fifty-nine (659) patients were enrolled, representing a frequency of 11.5%. The mean age was 29.47 years, giving a sex ratio (m/f) of 0.95. Average hospital stay was 6.1 days. One hundred and forty-four (144) patients (21.8%) had inaugural diabetes. The average consultation time was 14.89 days. Acute metabolic complications were ketoacidosis in 353 patients (56%), and hypoglycemia in 1.2%. Simple hyperglycemia was noted in 113 patients (18.0%). Infection was present in 522 patients (58.3%), of whom 95 (28.2%) had a skin infection.55 patients (16.3%) had a respiratory infection. 12.3% had a dietary imbalance.176 cases (27.7%) had no imbalance.26 patients (3.9%) died, with infectious pathologies accounting for the majority of decompensation factors among the deceased (57.7%). Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes is a cause of morbidity and mortality. It is essential to develop and implement a prevention and management program.

关键词： Type 1 Diabetes Epidemiology mortality Senegal

Epidemiological Aspects of Obesity, Overweight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors at Associes in Semi-Urban Areas (Case of Sébikotane)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 390-400页

作者： Djiby Sow Nafy Ndiaye mouhamed Yakham Leye maty Diagne Camara michel Assane Ndour mouhamed Dieng Houleye Saou Ndiouga Fall Boundia Djiba Demba Diédhiou Im Diallo Anna sarr mbaye maimouna Ndour Abdoulaye Leye Clinique mé dicale II Centre Hospitalier Abass Ndao Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Senegal Pikine Department of Internal medicine and Endocrinology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Public Health Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Obesity and overweight are a public health problem. The general objective was to determine the epidemiological aspects of obesity, overweight and associated risk factors in a semi-urban environment. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted on November 28 and 29, 2023 in Sébikotane. It focused on volunteers for screening for chronic non-communicable diseases. Epidemiological and clinical data were evaluated. Results: One hundred and twenty-nine cases of obesity were recorded (28%). Two hundred and eighty-two cases were overweight or obese (61.3%). The mean age was 49.55 years, with a standard deviation of 12.41 years. The age group [40 - 49 years] was the most representative, with 85 cases (30.1%), and the majority were female, with 264 cases (93.6%). Primary education was the most common, with 75 cases (46.3%). Grade 1 obesity concerned ninety-seven cases (75.2%), and diabetes was present in thirty cases (23%). Hypertension was present in ninety-five cases (33.7%). Obesity was more marked in the age group [40 - 49 years] with 45 cases (36%). Conclusion: Obesity and overweight are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The development and implementation of a prevention and management program is essential.

关键词： Obesity Overweight Risk Factors Sébikotane Senegal