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Accuracy of biometric formulae for intraocular lens power calculation in a teaching hospital

International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第1期13卷 61-65页

作者： kevin S Tang Elaine M Tran Allison j Chen David r rivera jorge j rivera Paul B Greenberg Division of Ophthalmology Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidence 02903Rhode IslandUSA Section of Ophthalmology Providence VA Medical CenterProvidence 02908Rhode IslandUSA Shiley Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093CaliforniaUSA

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of three commonly used biometric formulae across different axial lengths(ALs) at one United States Veterans Affairs teaching ***: A retrospective chart review was conducted from November 2013 to May 2018. One eye of each patient who underwent cataract surgery with a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) was included. The range of postoperative follow-up period was from 3 wk to 4 mo. The Holladay 2, Barrett Universal II, and Hill-radial Basis Function(Hill-rBF) formulae were used to predict the postoperative refraction for all cataract surgeries. For each formula, we calculated the prediction errors [including mean absolute prediction error(MAE)] and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25 diopter(D) and ±0.5 D of predicted refraction. We performed subgroup analyses for short(AL25.0 mm).rESULTS: A total of 1131 patients were screened, and 909 met the inclusion criteria. resident ophthalmologists were the primary surgeons in 710(78.1%) cases. We found no statistically significant difference in predictive accuracy among the three formulae over the entire AL range or in the short, medium, and long eye subgroups. Across the entire AL range, the Hill-rBF formula resulted in the lowest MAE(0.384 D) and the highest percentage of eyes with postoperative refraction within ±0.25 D(42.7%) and ±0.5 D(75.5%) of predicted. All three formulae had the highest MAEs(>0.5 D) and lowest percentage within ±0.5 D of predicted refraction(rt ***: In cataract surgery patients at our teaching hospital, three commonly used biometric formulae demonstrate similar refractive accuracy across all ALs. Short eyes pose the greatest challenge to predicting postoperative refractive error.

关键词： cataract surgery biometry intraocular lens power calculation

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FEArCF a multidimensional free energy method for investigating conformational landscapes and chemical reaction mechanisms

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中国科学：化学 2012年第1期42卷 119-120页

作者： NAIDOO kevin j. Scientific Computing research Unit and Department of Chemistry. University of Cape Town. South Africa 7701

The development and implementation of a computational method able to produce free energies in multiple dimensions,descriptively named the free energies from adaptive reaction coordinate forces(FEArCF) method is described in this *** the method can be used to calculate free energies of association,conformation and reactivity here it is shown in the context of chemical reaction landscapes.A reaction free energy surface for the Claisen rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate is used as an illustration of the method's efficient *** simulations are shown to achieve flat histograms for complex multidimensional free energy *** sampling efficiency by which it produces multidimensional free energies is demonstrated on the complex puckering of a pyranose ring,that is described by a three dimensional W(θ1,θ2,θ3) potential of mean force.

关键词：化学反应机理自由能景观多维能量法适应性反应反应势能面采样效率

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High-throughput density functional perturbation theory and machine learning predictions of infrared,piezoelectric,and dielectric responses

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1119-1131页

作者： Kamal Choudhary kevin F.Garrity Vinit Sharma Adam j.Biacchi Angela r.Hight Walker Francesca Tavazza Materials Science and Engineering Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA National Institute for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA joint Institute for Computational Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Engineering Physics Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Many technological applications depend on the response of materials to electric fields,but available databases of such responses are ***,we explore the infrared,piezoelectric,and dielectric properties of inorganic materials by combining highthroughput density functional perturbation theory and machine learning *** computeΓ-point phonons,infrared intensities,Born-effective charges,piezoelectric,and dielectric tensors for 5015 non-metallic materials in the jArVIS-DFT *** find 3230 and 1943 materials with at least one far and mid-infrared mode,respectively.

关键词： piezoelectric dielectric perturbation

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Correlation of MrI-determined small bowel Crohn’s disease categories with medical response and surgical pathology

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第27期15卷 3367-3375页

作者： Ian Craig Lawrance Christopher j Welman Peter Shipman kevin Murray School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western AustraliaFremantle Hospital WA 6160 Australia Department of Gastroenterology Fremantle Hospital WA 6160 Australia Department of radiology Fremantle Hospital WA 6160 Australia Statistical Consulting Group School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Western AustraliaWA 6160 Australia

AIM: To determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MrI) can be used to categorize small bowel Crohn's disease (SB CD) into groups that correlate with response to medical therapy and surgical ***: Data was collected from all patients with MrI evidence of SB CD without significant colonic disease over a 32-mo period. Two radiologists, blinded to clinical findings, evaluated each MrI and grouped them based on bowel wall thickness and wall enhancement. These categories were: (1) "fibrosis", (2) "mild segmental hyper-enhancement and mild wall thickening", (3) "mild segmental hyper-enhancement and marked wall thickening", (4) "marked segmental transmural hyper-enhancement". Patient response to additional medical therapy post-MrI was prospectively determined at 8-wk. Non-responders underwent endoscopy and were offered therapeutic endoscopy or surgery. Surgical pathology was assessed against the MrI category. rESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included. Females and category "2" patients were more likely, and patients with luminal narrowing and hold-up less likely, to respond to medical therapy (P rwent surgery. The surgical pathologicalfindings of fibrosis and the severity of inflammation correlated with the MrI category in all ***: Our fi ndings suggest that SB CD can be grouped by the MrI f indings and that these groups are associated with patients more likely to respond to continued medical therapy. The MrI categories also correlated with the presence and level of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis on surgical pathology, and may be of prognostic use in the management of CD patients.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Crohn's disease Fibrosis Prognosis Pathology

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Small bowel MrI enteroclysis or follow through:Which is optimal?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5300-5306页

作者： Ian C Lawrance Christopher j Welman Peter Shipman kevin Murray School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western AustraliaFremantle HospitalWA 6160Australia Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Fremantle HospitalWA 6160Australia Department of radiology Fremantle HospitalWA 6160Australia Statistical Consulting Group School of Mathe-matics and StatisticsUniversity of Western AustraliaWA 6009Australia

AIM： TO determine if a nasojejunal tube （NjT） is required for optimal examination of enteroclysis and if patients can be examined only in the supine position. METHODS： Data were collected from all patients undergoing small bowel （SB） magnetic resonance imaging （MrI） examination over a 32-mo period. Patients either underwent a magnetic resonance （Mr） follow-through （MrFT） or a Mr enteroclysis （MrE） in the supine position. The quality of proximal and distal SB distension as well as the presence of motion artefact and image quality were assessed by 2 radiologists. rESULTS： One hundred and fourteen Mr studies were undertaken （MrFT-49, MrE-65） in 108 patients in the supine position only. Image artefact was more frequent in MrE than in MrFT （29.2% vs 18.4%）, but was not statistically significant （P = 0.30）. Adequate distension of the distal SB was obtained in 97.8% of MrFT examinations and in 95.4% of MrE examinations, respectively. Proximal SB distension was, however, less frequently optimal in MrFT than in MrE （P = 0.0036）, particularly in patients over the age of 50 years （P = 0.0099）. Image quality was good in all examinations. CONCLUSION： All patients could be successfully iraaged in the supine position. MrE and MrFT are equivalent for distal SB distension and artefact effects. Proximal SB distension is frequently less optimal in MrFT than in MrE. MrE is, therefore, the preferred Mr examination method of the SB.

关键词： Magnetic resonance enteroclysis Magnetic resonance enterography Magnetic resonance follow through Artefact

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An approach to viscoelastic c haracterization of dispersive media by inversion of a general wave propagation model

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journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第6期10卷 73-88页

作者： Fernando Zvietcovich jannick P.rolland kevin j.Parker Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of rochester rochester New York 14627USA The Institute of Optics University of rochester rochester New York 14627USA

In the characterization of elastic properties of tissue using dynarmic optical coherence elasto-graphy,shear/surface waves are propagated and tracked in order to estimate speed and Y oung's ***,for dispersive tssues,the displacement pulse is highly damped and distorted during propagation,diminishing the ffectiveness of peak tracking approaches,and leading to biased cstimates of wave ***,plane wave propagation is sometimes assumed,which contributes to estimation ***,we invert a wave propagation model that incorpo-rates propagation,decay,and distortion of pulses in a dispersive media in order to accurately estimate its elastic and viscous *** model uses a general first-order approximation of dispersion,avoiding the use of any particular rheological model of *** are conducted in elastic and viscoelastic tissue mimicking phantoms by producing a Gaussian push using acoustic radiation force excitation and measuring the wave propagation using a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography *** confirmed the ffectiveness of the inversion method in est imat ing viscoelastic parameters in both the viscoelastic and elastic phantoms when compared to mechanical ***,the viscoelastic characterization of a fresh porcine comea was *** results validate this approach when compared to other methods.

关键词： Elastography viscoelasticity cylindrical waves optical coherence tomography shear waves surface acoustic waves viscoelastic pha ntoms

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Implementation of rotational resistance models＇ A critical appraisal

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Particuology 2017年第5期15卷 14-23页

作者： Xin Huang kevin j. Hanley Catherine O'Sullivan Chung-Yee Kwok a Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Institute for Infrastructure and Environment School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3JL United Kingdom Skempton Building Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London London SW72AZ United Kingdom Haking Wong Building Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University ofHong Kong Hong Kong China

Contact models that simulate rotational resistance at particle contacts have been proposed as a means to capture the effect of shape in DEM simulations. This contribution critically explores some key issues related to the implementation of rotational resistance models; these include the need for physically meaningful model parameters, the impact of the model on the overall numerical stability/critical time increment for the DEM model, model validation, and the assessment of model performance relative to real physical materials. The discussion is centred around a rotational resistance model that captures the resistance provided by interlocking asperities on the particle surface. An expression for the maximum permissible integration time step to ensure numerical stability is derived for DEM simulations when rotational resistance is incorporated. Analytical solutions for some single-contact scenarios are derived for model validation. The ability of this type of model to provide additional fundamental insight into granular material behaviour is demonstrated using particle-scale analysis of triaxial compression simulations to examine the roles that contact rollin~ and slidin~ have on the stability of stron：~ force chains.

关键词： Granular mediaParticle shapeDiscrete element methodrollingTwistingrotational resistance

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Introduction to the Mathematics of Operations research with Mathematica®, Second Edition 2

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丛书名： Pure and applied mathematics 279

2006年

作者： Hastings, kevin j.

ISBN: (数字)9781315275987

ISBN: (纸本)9781574446128

The breadth of information about operations research and the overwhelming size of previous sources on the subject make it a difficult topic for non-specialists to grasp. Fortunately, Introduction to the Mathematics of Operations research with Mathematica®, Second Edition delivers a concise analysis that benefits professionals in operations research and related fields in statistics, management, applied mathematics, and finance. The second edition retains the character of the earlier version, while incorporating developments in the sphere of operations research, technology, and mathematics pedagogy. Covering the topics crucial to applied mathematics, it examines graph theory, linear programming, stochastic processes, and dynamic programming. This self-contained text includes an accompanying electronic version and a package of useful commands. The electronic version is in the form of Mathematica notebooks, enabling you to devise, edit, and execute/reexecute commands, increasing your level of comprehension and problem-solving. Mathematica sharpens the impact of this book by allowing you to conveniently carry out graph algorithms, experiment with large powers of adjacency matrices in order to check the path counting theorem and Markov chains, construct feasible regions of linear programming problems, and use the "dictionary" method to solve these problems. You can also create simulators for Markov chains, Poisson processes, and Brownian motions in Mathematica, increasing your understanding of the defining conditions of these processes. Among many other benefits, Mathematica also promotes recursive solutions for problems related to first passage times and absorption probabilities.

关键词： Operations research

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regulation of HMGB1 release by infl ammasomes

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Protein & Cell 2013年第3期4卷 163-167页

作者： Ben Lu Haichao Wang Ulf Andersson kevin j.Tracey Laboratory of Biomedical Science Feinstein Institute for Medical Research350 Community DriveManhassetNY 11030USA The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine North Shore-LIJ Health system350 Community DriveManhassetNY 11030USA Department of Emergency Medicine North Shore University HospitalManhassetNY 11030USA Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska InstitutetS-17677 StockholmSweden

High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is an evolutionarily conserved non-histone chromatin-binding *** infection or injury,activated immune cells and damaged cells release HMGB1 into the extracellular space,where HMGB1 functions as a proinflammatory mediator and contributes importantly to the pathogenesis of inflammatory *** studies reveal that infl ammasomes,intracellular protein complexes,critically regulate HMGB1 release from activated immune cells in response to a variety of exogenous and endogenous danger *** stranded rNA dependent kinase(PKr),an intracellular danger-sensing molecule,physically interacts with inflammasome components and is important for infl ammasome activation and HMGB1 ***,these studies not only unravel novel mechanisms of HMGB1 release during infl ammation,but also provide potential therapeutic targets to treat HMGB1-related infl ammatory diseases.

关键词： HMGB1 infl ammasome PKr

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Softening of phonon spectra in metallic glasses

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 31-35页

作者： reza Mahjoub Nicholas E Hamilton kevin j Laws Michael Ferry School of Materials Science and Engineering The University of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia

The vibrational spectra of a series of MgZnCa amorphous alloys were computed using density functional theory and implementing the small displacement *** atomic structures of the alloys were obtained by ab initio molecular dynamics *** vibrational thermodynamic properties were calculated as a function of temperature and,in particular,the specific heat at low temperature was approximated by temperature cubed based on the Debye *** computed the contribution of Mg vibrations to the specific heat and investigated the softening of Mg phonon spectra,where the maximum allowed vibrational frequency is lowered and highly collective diffusion processes are *** statistical correlation between the reported critical casting thickness of the alloys and softening of Mg phonons was *** calculations were performed for two distinctively different amorphous ZrTiCuAl alloys with large and small reported critical casting thickness,*** findings were consistent with those of the MgZnCa alloys.

关键词： alloys softening casting

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